“Andries Hudde”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Andries Hudde (1608–1663) was a landowner and colonial official of New Netherland.

Early life and New Amsterdam

Andries Hudde was born in Kampen, Overijssel in the Netherlands in 1608 to Hendrick Hudde (himself son of the local burgomaster Rutger Hudde) and Aeltje Schinckels.

Arriving in the New World in 1629, Hudde was appointed to the New Netherland Council under Wouter van Twiller from 1633-1637,^[2] served as the first Surveyor General of the colony in 1642-1647 (he was the first surveyor in the colony at all after Kryn Fredericksz, the builder of Fort Amsterdam), and in a commercial capacity served as first commissary of wares.

His main personal residence in Manhattan was at Lot 11, Block C, on the Castello Plan drawn by his successor as Surveyor-General Jacques Cortelyou (this is today approximately 42 Broadway - Breede weg, which was already a prominent road).^[3]

Hudde was the subject of slanderous testimony in a lawsuit of Everardus Bogardus against Anthony Janszoon van Salee, that he was possibly the biological father of Grietse Reyniers's child.^[4]

A prominent landowner, Hudde purchased a deed for land in Flatlands and Flatbush with Wolphert Gerretse in 1636,^[5] and he was the first person to be granted a legal land conveyance in the colony in 1638 for the Muscoota farm (by modern Morningside Park in Harlem) through his fiance Gertrude Bornstra, the widow of Hendrick de Forest (son of Jessé de Forest), for which he returned to the Netherlands in 1638-39 to marry her, though in their brief absence the Harlem land was actually acquired by Johannes de la Montagne (brother-in-law to de Forest) through a lawsuit and court sale, and was renamed Vredendael farm.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

Delaware Valley and later life

Hudde took a military role as commissary of Fort Nassau on the Delaware River that challenged New Sweden's Johan Björnsson Printz in 1644 or 1645.^[10]

Hudde's first wife, Gertrude Bornstra, died in 1652. In this year, he also returned to New Amsterdam, where he stayed till 1655. While there in 1654, he was reappointed as Surveyor General and filed an application to serve as a voorleser (though it is unclear if he ever served in that religious education capacity).

After the total victory by Director-General Peter Stuyvesant's expeditionary force against the Swedes in 1655 (in the context of the European Second Northern War), Hudde returned to the Delaware Valley, and held a number of offices in the newly-annexed New Amstel colony.^[11] He was remarried there in 1657 to a woman recorded only as "Geertie".

Hudde died in Appoquinimink in modern Delaware in 1663 while on the way to Maryland to open a brewery.

References

1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mObQCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36|title=Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898|last=Burrows|first=Edwin G.|last2=Wallace|first2=Mike|date=1998-11-19|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199729104|language=en}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nycourts.gov/history/legal-history-new-york/legal-history-eras-03/history-era-new-netherland-council.html|title=Historical Society of the New York Courts {{!}} New York Legal History / Colonial New York Under Dutch Rule: 1609-1664; 1673-1674|website=www.nycourts.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-03-13}}
3. ^{{Cite book|url=http://nc-chap.org/castello/castello_key_notes4.pdf|title=The iconography of Manhattan Island|last=Stokes|first=I. N. Phelps|date=|publisher=|year=1915|isbn=9785871799505|location=|pages=235-237|language=en}}
4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SJEg0p4RCP4C&pg=PA208|title=Pirate Utopias: Moorish Corsairs & European Renegadoes|last=Wilson|first=Peter Lamborn|date=2003-01-01|publisher=Autonomedia|isbn=9781570271588|language=en}}
5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ha7hNk37uKEC&pg=PA70|title=A History of the City of Brooklyn: Including the Old Town and Village of Brooklyn, the Town of Bushwick, and the Village and City of Williamsburgh|last=Stiles|first=Henry Reed|last2=Stiles|first2=Reed Stiles Henry Reed|date=2017-03-13|publisher=Applewood Books|isbn=9781429022224|language=en}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://digitalcollections.archives.nysed.gov/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/51128|title=Digital Collections {{!}} New York State Archives|website=digitalcollections.archives.nysed.gov|access-date=2017-03-13}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWlGAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA93|title=A Walloon Family in America: Lockwood de Forest and His Forbears 1500-1848|last=Forest|first=Emily Johnston De|last2=Forest|first2=Jesse De|date=1914-01-01|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|language=en}}
8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qmMAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA545|title=Annual Report|last=Society|first=American Scenic and Historic Preservation|date=1916-01-01|publisher=J.B. Lyon Company|language=en}}
9. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dj8wAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA17|title=The Dutch Grants, Harlem Patents and Tidal Creeks: The Law Applicable to Those Subjects Examined and Stated|last=Pirsson|first=John W.|date=1889-01-01|publisher=L. K. Strouse|language=en}}
10. ^{{Cite book|url=http://www.newhollandfoundation.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/20151030-Dutch-Colonial-Fortifications-in-North-America-1614-1676-Jaap-Jacobs-2.pdf|title=Dutch colonial fortifications in North America 1614-1676 : Historical Research in the Netherlands and the United States of America Contributions to the Atlas of Dutch North America 1|last=Jacobs|first=Jaap|date=|publisher=The New Holland Foundation & Bommelstein Historical Consultancy Ltd|year=2015|isbn=9789490246136|location=|pages=|oclc=964352538}}
11. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_j4uAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5|title=The Philadelphia Police, Past and Present|last=Sprogle|first=Howard O.|date=1887-01-01|language=en}}