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词条 Anne Edwards (botanist)
释义

  1. Ash dieback

  2. Grasspea

  3. Outreach

  4. References

Anne Edwards is a British plant scientist, based at the John Innes Centre and was the first person in the UK to identify Ash dieback disease in England,[1][2][3] [4]

Ash dieback

Edwards was the first person to identify Ash Dieback, caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, discovering it in Ashwellthorpe Woods, Norfolk in 2012.[5] [6]Four years later she found a tree that was resistant to the disease and named it Betty which was used to help identify three genetic markers associated with resistance against the disease. [7][8][9] [10][11]Anne is heavily involved in the Nornex consortium, an open-access and crowdsourcing approach[12], which was established to respond to this outbreak. This involved creating a game, Fraxinus, where players analyse real data[13] .She continues to play an active role in researching the disease, for example in estimating the mortality of trees it infects[14] and tracing back how the fungus entered the country from just one or two fruiting bodies. [15]

Grasspea

During her career Edwards has also worked on grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), one of the oldest known crops, native to southern and eastern Europe, Ethiopia, India, Bangladesh and Nepal. Grass pea is a key food source and is extremely drought and flood resistant. It has a very high protein content and as a nodulating legume it requires no artificial fertiliser so can grow on, and improve, the poorest of soils. However, grass pea produces a toxin that can cause irreversible paralysis if it is consumed as the main food source over several months[16]. As such, with Cathie Martin, Edwards is working to develop safe varieties that can be used by smallholder farmers[17].

Outreach

In 2015 Edwards was awarded the British Empire Medal for services to the environment and the public understanding of science, for her discovery and work on the disease, plus her scientific communication outreach work.[18][19]

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/04/22/oooh-betty-how-a-200-year-old-ash-tree-is-saving-british-woodlan/|title=Oooh Betty! How a 200-year-old ash tree is saving British woodland|last=Knapton|first=Sarah|date=2016-04-22|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2019-03-07|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}
2. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.ponteproject.eu/factsheets-hf/ash-dieback-disease-plague-ashes/ |title=Ash dieback disease: a plague on our ashes |last=Staff |date=2017-02-21 |website=POnTE Project |language=en-US |access-date=2019-02-27}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.jic.ac.uk/research-impact/plant-health/impact/ash-dieback/|title=Ash Dieback|website=John Innes Centre|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-02-27}}
4. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/apr/22/betty-the-ash-tree-offers-hope-against-deadly-dieback-disease-resistance |title='Betty' the ash tree offers hope against deadly dieback disease |last=Barkham |first=Patrick |date=2016-04-22 |website=The Guardian |language=en-GB |access-date=2019-02-27}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.edp24.co.uk/news/tech/norfolk-ash-tree-fights-off-dieback-disease-giving-hope-to-our-woodlands-1-4505249|title=Norfolk ash tree fights off dieback disease giving hope to our woodlands|last=Dickson|first=Annabelle|website=Eastern Daily Press|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01tlwrv/p01tlwls|title=Anne Edwards showing Julian Rush the signs of Ash Dieback - Exploring Britain's Tree Disease Problem - Future-proofing Forests, Costing the Earth - BBC Radio 4|website=BBC|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-03-07}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/apr/22/betty-the-ash-tree-offers-hope-against-deadly-dieback-disease-resistance|title='Betty' the ash tree offers hope against deadly dieback disease|last=Barkham|first=Patrick|date=2016-04-22|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-03-07|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/04/22/oooh-betty-how-a-200-year-old-ash-tree-is-saving-british-woodlan/|title=Oooh Betty! How a 200-year-old ash tree is saving British woodland|last=Knapton|first=Sarah|date=2016-04-22|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2019-03-07|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.treecouncil.org.uk/Press-News/New-research-offers-hope-on-ash-dieback|title=The Tree Council > Press & News > New research offers hope on ash dieback|website=www.treecouncil.org.uk|access-date=2019-03-07}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/genetic-secrets-of-resistant-tree-gives-new-hope-over-ash-dieback-disease-8660992.html|title=Genetic secrets of resistant tree gives new hope over ash dieback|date=2013-06-16|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://theconversation.com/we-must-develop-the-genetic-tools-to-fight-ash-dieback-18931|title=We must develop the genetic tools to fight ash dieback|last=Downie|first=Allan|last2=Edwards|first2=Anne|website=The Conversation|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
12. ^{{Cite journal|last=Rallapalli|first=Ghanasyam|last2=Fraxinus Players|last3=Saunders|first3=Diane GO|last4=Yoshida|first4=Kentaro|last5=Edwards|first5=Anne|last6=Lugo|first6=Carlos A|last7=Collin|first7=Steve|last8=Clavijo|first8=Bernardo|last9=Corpas|first9=Manuel|date=2015-07-29|editor-last=Rodgers|editor-first=Peter|title=Lessons from Fraxinus, a crowd-sourced citizen science game in genomics|url=https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07460|journal=eLife|volume=4|pages=e07460|doi=10.7554/eLife.07460|issn=2050-084X}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencemediacentre.org/ash-dieback-fight-back-new-facebook-game/|title=ash dieback fight-back: new Facebook game {{!}} Science Media Centre|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-07}}
14. ^{{Cite journal|last=Coker|first=Tim L. R.|last2=Rozsypálek|first2=Jiří|last3=Edwards|first3=Anne|last4=Harwood|first4=Tony P.|last5=Butfoy|first5=Louise|last6=Buggs|first6=Richard J. A.|date=2019|title=Estimating mortality rates of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) under the ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) epidemic|url=https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp3.11|journal=PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=48–58|doi=10.1002/ppp3.11|issn=2572-2611}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180423125038.htm|title=Just one more ash dieback spore could push European ash trees to the brink|website=ScienceDaily|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-poison-peas-that-could-soon-be-a-superfood-09xln69wx|title=The poison peas that could soon be a superfood|last=Brown|first=David|date=2018-10-01|work=The Times|access-date=2019-03-07|language=en|issn=0140-0460}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://mikejackson1948.blog/2018/10/12/whither-the-grasspea/|title=Whither the grasspea?|last=Jackson|first=Mike|date=2018-10-12|website=A balanced diet . . .|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.edp24.co.uk/news/environment/john-innes-centre-scientist-awarded-british-empire-medal-for-her-work-on-ash-dieback-disease-1-3904046|title=John Innes Centre scientist awarded British Empire Medal for her work on ash dieback disease|last=Hill|first=Chris|website=Eastern Daily Press|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.edp24.co.uk/news/someone-call-professor-sprout-harry-potter-s-poisonous-screaming-mandrakes-found-at-walsingham-allotment-1-5012124|title=Someone call Professor Sprout! Harry Potter’s poisonous ‘screaming mandrakes’ found at Walsingham allotment|last=Baldwin|first=Louisa|website=North Norfolk News|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}
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