| 词条 | Anne Hultgren |
| 释义 |
| name = Anne Hultgren | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = American | work_institutions = Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation, United States Department of Homeland Security | alma_mater = Johns Hopkins University, Franklin and Marshall College | academic_advisors = Christopher S. Chen, Daniel Reich | other_names = | known_for = | fields = }}Anne Hultgren was the Branch Chief for research and development in the Chemical and Biological Defense Division of the Science and Technology Directorate of the United States Department of Homeland Security.[1] She worked in the Department from 2005 to 2015. There she helped to develop and test the "Detect-to-Protect" biological detection program. {{As of|February 2015}} she became the Executive Director of the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation.[2] EducationHultgren received a B.A. in Physics and Mathematics from Franklin and Marshall College in 1999.[1] She received her Masters of Arts (2002) and Ph.D. in Physics (2005) from Johns Hopkins University, where she worked with Daniel Reich and Christopher S. Chen on Cellular manipulation and patterning using ferromagnetic nanowires.[3][4] CareerDr. Hultgren joined the Department of Homeland Security in February 2005. She has worked as a technical advisor, program manager, and branch chief. Hultgren was in charge of technology development relating to chemical and biological defense capabilities. These included development of sensors, decontamination methods, and novel assay designs. Her job was to help to "prepare for, respond to, and recover from a possible domestic biological attack".[6] In the "Detect-to-Protect" biological detection program, Hultgren helped to develop sensors capable of detecting air-born biological materials, and field tested them in the Boston subway system. Field testing occurred in 2009 and in 2012. Hultgren sprayed dead Bacillus subtilis, a common, non-toxic, food-grade bacterium, in subway tunnels. Working with Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, and local public health officials, scientists monitored the dispersion and detection of the bacterium at Davis, Harvard, and Porter stations.[5][6][7][8] The team's goal was to improve the effectiveness of its sensors as a possible early warning system for biological threats. Rather than collecting air filters daily and taking them to a lab for examination, installed sensors continuously monitored air quality by measuring polymerase chain reaction. ”Trigger” sensors were installed to establish the usual background levels of biological material, and “confirmers” were tripped when expected levels were exceeded. Thirty minutes after release, a “confirmer” at a station a mile away detected the airborne bacterium. The combination of on site ”trigger” and “confirmer” sensors was intended to minimize the occurrence of false alarms, which were a source of complaints with earlier systems.[9][10] Dr. Hultgren was one of the invited speakers at the 2014 hearings in Washington, D.C., to review the BioWatch program and the effectiveness of PCR-based detection assays used by the United States Post Office.[11] She was also the program manager in charge of assessing needs and operating procedures for the First Responder Biodetection Technology Report and survey, and developing the Biodetection Guide for First Responders mobile app, released January 8, 2015. Their goal is to ensure that first responders have the up-to-date information that they need.[12] References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Dr. Anne Hultgren|url=http://govsecinfo.com/events/govsec-2014/Speakers/Speaker%20Window.aspx?SpeakerId={051EDEFF-9DAB-4D99-A8EE-B7374748B84E}&ID={A409A131-4636-4F6}7-B528-85F4EA83DBEA|website=Government Security Conference and Expo|accessdate=15 April 2016}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hultgren, Anne}}2. ^{{cite web|title=$5 Million Gift Honors Theodore Brown and Arnold Beckman|url=http://beckman.illinois.edu/news/2015/09/5m-gift-brown-beckman|website=Beckman Institute at the University of Illinois|date=September 8, 2015|accessdate=15 April 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Anne Hultgren, Ph.D.|url=http://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=110626|website=Chemistry Tree|accessdate=15 April 2016}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Felton|first1=Edward J.|title=Applications of Magnetic Nanostructures to Cell Patterning and Heterotypic Cell-cell Interactions|date=2009|publisher=Johns Hopkins University|location=Baltimore, MD|isbn=9781109130577|page=21}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|title=Boston Subway System to be Used to Test New Sensors for Biological Agents|url=https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/st-snapshot-detect-protect|date=2012|accessdate=15 April 2016|work=Science and Technology|agency=Homeland Security}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Menon Biodetector used in MBTA/DHS Testing|url=http://menon.us/menon-biodetecor-used-in-dhs-mbta-testing/|accessdate=16 April 2016|website=Menon Biosensors, Inc.|author=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority|date=September 7, 2012}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Grant|first1=Bob|title=Boston to Test Bioterror Sensors|url=http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/32512/title/Boston-to-Test-Bioterror-Sensors/|accessdate=16 April 2016|work=The Scientist|date=August 29, 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news|last1=Andersen|first1=Travis|title=Dead bacteria to be used to test T sensors|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2012/05/17/homeland_security_to_release_bacteria_in_subway_stations_during_testing_of_sensors_in_cambridge_and_somerville/|accessdate=16 April 2016|work=Boston Globe|date=May 17, 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Hodson|first1=Hal|title=Detecting a subway bioterror attack|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21528825-300-detecting-a-subway-bioterror-attack/|website=New Scientist|date=September 12, 2012|accessdate=16 April 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Hodson|first1=Hal|title=Trouble underground|url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/79961152/trouble-underground|website=New Scientist|date=September 15, 2012|accessdate=16 April 2016}} 11. ^{{cite book|authors=Committee on PCR Standards for the BioWatch Program; Board on Life Sciences; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Institute of Medicine; National Research Council|title=BioWatch PCR Assays: Building Confidence, Ensuring Reliability|date=2015|publisher=National Academies Press|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=978-0-309-36722-6|page=160|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khI9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT160|accessdate=16 April 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news|authors=Homeland Security's Science & Technology Directorate|title=Understanding portable biodetection technology for identifying suspcious substances|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150129113544.htm|accessdate=16 April 2016|work=Science Daily|date=January 29, 2015}} 6 : Living people|21st-century American chemists|Franklin & Marshall College alumni|Johns Hopkins University alumni|Year of birth missing (living people)|Place of birth missing (living people) |
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