| 词条 | Annie Murray |
| 释义 |
| name = Annie Cargill Murray Knight | birth_date = 10 April 1906 | death_date = 4 November 1996 | occupation = Nurse | spouse = Frank Knight (m.1948; d.1996) | mother = Anne Cargill | father = George Wilson Murray }} Annie Cargill Knight (nee Murray; 10 April 1906 - 4 November 1996) was a Scottish nurse in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). Knight was the daughter of a tenant farmer and one of eight children. She became active in the Communist Party after she finished her training as a nurse. She was one of the first British volunteers to arrive in Spain on the side of the Spanish Republican Government during the Spanish Civil War. BiographyAnnie Cargill Murray was born to George Wilson Murray and Anne Cargill in 1906, one of eight children, including brothers George Murray and Tom Murray, one of two Scots awarded special citations from the Republicans for their efforts during the war.[1] She trained as a nurse at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary in 1936. While there, she protested with other nurses about the pay and working conditions.[2][3] Murray joined the Communist Party and went to Spain as part of the International Brigades fighting against General Francisco Franco, supported by the Italian Fascists. Along with her brothers Tom and George, Murray was one of the approximately 500 Scottish volunteers in the Spanish Civil War who believed in the principles of the Spanish Republican Government.[2][4] While in Spain, Murray worked at a small hospital at Huete and later with a large medical group in Barcelona.[3] Murray noted that the war had an enormous impact on her life and shared atrocities she had seen firsthand: "We found a whole lot of children, of dozens of them, with their hands off, completely off. The Italians had dropped anti-personnel bombs marked "Chocolatti". The children were picking up these things - they hadn't had chocolate for years - and they just blew their hands off. This Spanish surgeon that I worked with, he was in tears. We all were." [2]Murray returned from the war in 1939 and during the Second World War was in charge of an air-raid station in the Civil Defence of London.[5] She later said that the Spanish Civil War was the most important thing in her life, and that she did not regret going.[6] She later married Frank Knight in 1948 and moved to Dunfermline, Fife, upon her retirement in 1964, where she and her husband both died in 1996.[2][3][4] Murray's letters are now at the National Library of Scotland, where a curator notes: "The 1930s were a man's world and it is extremely difficult to appreciate with modern perspectives what [Murray] and other volunteers did. Many of them had never even left Edinburgh before, never mind the country."[6] References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/brave-scots-who-fought-the-fascists-1-1279638|title=Brave Scots who fought the fascists|website=www.scotsman.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-06}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=http://spartacus-educational.com/WmurrayA.htm|title=Annie Murray|work=Spartacus Educational|access-date=2018-09-19|language=en}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/367680960|title=The biographical dictionary of Scottish women : from the earliest times to 2004|last=|first=|date=2006|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|others=Ewan, Elizabeth., Innes, Sue., Reynolds, Sian.|year=|isbn=9780748626601|location=Edinburgh|pages=199|oclc=367680960}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12030052.annie-murrie/|title=Annie Murrie|website=HeraldScotland|language=en|access-date=2018-09-19}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://madeinperth.org/618/|title=Perthshire International Brigades Volunteers ~ Spanish Civil War, 1936-9|last=madeinpe|date=2014-05-18|website=Made in Perth ~ Official Website ~ SC044155|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-06}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.nls.uk/about-us/publications/discover/2009/spanish-war|title=Scotswomen and the Spanish Civil War - Discover NLS Article - National Library of Scotland|website=www.nls.uk|access-date=2018-12-06}} 6 : 1906 births|1996 deaths|International Brigades|British nurses|British people of the Spanish Civil War|Scottish nurses |
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