| 词条 | Anti-Nazi Freedom Movement |
| 释义 |
The Anti-Nazi Freedom Movement ({{lang-de|Antinationalsozialistischen Freiheitsbewegung}}, abbreviated ANFB) was a German anti-fascist organization based in Colombia during the Second World War.[1] The group was set up in 1942 by Erich Arendt and Otto Weiland as a united front initiative.[2][2] It was formed at a meeting at Barranquilla airport and the residence of Walter Rosenthal in Barranquilla in March 1942.[4] ANFB gathered trade unionists, liberal democrats, social democrats and communists, albeit dominated by the latter two groups.[3][4] Leading figures in Bogota were the communist Arendt and the social democratic trade unionist Otto Priller.[3] Another prominent figure was Conrad Togger, a bourgeois opponent to Hitler.[4] Weiland served as chairman of ANFB.[4] Arendt served as the secretary of ANFB.[5] Walter Rosenthal was the leader of ANFB in Barranquilla on the northern coast.[6] ANFB published Europa Libre ('Free Europe').[7] ANFB was banned in January 1943, with Colombian authorities charging its members with disloyalty to their host country.[8][9] In November 1943 the Democratic Committee for a Free Germany was founded as a continuation of the ANFB.[9] References1. ^{{cite book|author=Society for Exile Studies|title=Gedanken an Deutschland im Exil und andere Themen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3mdFAQAAIAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Text + Kritik|isbn=978-3-88377-205-9|page=152}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Lexicon Sozialistischer Literatur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Ty3DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA39|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-476-03548-6|pages=39–}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|author=Wolfgang Schumann|title=Vom Yberfall auf die Sowjetunion bis zur sowjetischen Gegenoffensive bei Stalingrad (Juni 1941 bis November 1942)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXDzAAAAMAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Pahl-Rugenstein|isbn=978-3-7609-0170-1|page=574}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=Max Paul Friedman|title=Nazis and Good Neighbors: The United States Campaign Against the Germans of Latin America in World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYeYaDs1xR4C&pg=PA71|date=4 August 2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-82246-6|page=71}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Alisa Douer|title=Qué lejos está Viena: Latinoamérica como lugar de exilio de escritores y artistas austríacos|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E8p5AAAAMAAJ|year=1995|publisher=Centro de Documentación de la Literatura Austríaca Moderna|isbn=978-3-900467-44-9|page=94}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Suzanne Shipley Toliver|title=Exile and the Elemental in the Poetry of Erich Arendt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H4FJAAAAYAAJ|date=1 January 1984|publisher=P. Lang Pub.|isbn=978-0-8204-0081-5|page=13}} 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Werner Röder|author2=Herbert A. Strauss|author3=Dieter Marc Schneider|author4=Louise Forsyth|title=Politik, Wirtschaft, Öffentliches Leben |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mt6c3oFVBz0C&pg=PA49|date=10 November 2011|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-097028-9|page=49}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Wolfgang Kiessling|title=Alemania Libre in Mexiko|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iZUjAQAAMAAJ|year=1974|publisher=Akademie-Verlag|pages=164–165}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|author=Wolfgang Kießling|title=Exil in Lateinamerika|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i6XbAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Reclam|pages=427, 430–432}} 2 : Organisations based in Colombia|German resistance to Nazism |
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