| 词条 | Antoine-Hippolyte Cros |
| 释义 |
| name = Antoine-Hippolyte Cros | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1833|5|10|df=y}} | birth_place = Paris, France | regnal = | title = Known as "King Antoine II of Araucania' (fancy title) | throne = Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia | pretend from = 1902-1903 | year = | king = | relationship = | house = | father = | mother = | spouse = Leonilla Mendes | children = | predecessor = Achille Laviarde | successor = Laure-Therese Cros | footnotes = }}Antoine-Hippolyte Cros (May 10, 1833 – November 1, 1903) was a French surgeon and pretender to the throne of the defunct Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia.[1] PersonalAntoine-Hippolyte Cros was born in Lagrasse, France, on May 10, 1833, to the philosopher Simon Charles Henry Cros (1803–1876) and Josephine Thor.[2] He was the grandson of grammarian Antoine Cros (1769–1844). He was also the brother of the poet and inventor of the phonograph, Charles Cros (1842–1888) and the painter and sculptor Henry Cros (1840–1907). Antoine-Hippolyte was married in Paris, on March 5, 1856, to Leonilda Méndez de Texeira, an aristocratic lady of Portuguese origin. The couple had two children, Laure-Therese Cros (22 Dec 1856 to 12 Feb 1916)[3], who succeeded him as Queen of Araucania and Patagonia, and Juliette Cros (20 Nov 1868 to 27 Apr 1945)[4]. Pretender to the throne of Araucanía and PatagoniaOn August 28 1873 the Criminal Court of Paris ruled that Antoine de Tounens, first "king of Araucania and Patagonia" did not justify his status of sovereign[5]. The pretenders to the throne of Araucania and Patagonia are called monarchs and sovereigns of fantasy[6][7][8][9][10], "having only fanciful claims to a kingdom without legal existence and having no international recognition"[11]. Since the death of Antoine de Tounens, some french citizens without familial relations declared themselves to be pretenders to the throne of Araucania and Patagonia. Whether the Mapuche themselves accept this, or are even aware of it, is unclear[12]. At the death of Achille Laviarde on March 6, 1902 Antoine-Hippolyte Cros was elected pretender to the throne of Araucania and Patagonia until his own death on November 1, 1903. After his death, his daughter Laure-Therese Cros succeeded him as pretender to the throne of Araucania and Patagonia. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.steelcrown.org/sovereigns-of-araucania-patagonia/antoine-ii|title=d.3 Antoine II - North American Araucanian Royalist Society|website=www.steelcrown.org}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Antoine-Hyppolite-Cros-III-roi-d-Araucanie-et-de-Patagonie/6000000021176042121|title=Antoine Hyppolite Cros, III. roi d'Araucanie et de Patagonie|website=geni_family_tree}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Laure-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se-IV-reine-d-Araucanie-et-de-Patagonie/6000000021176128351|title=Laure Thérèse, IV. reine d’Araucanie et de Patagonie|website=geni_family_tree}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Juliette-Cros/6000000021176235129|title=Juliette Cros|website=geni_family_tree}} 5. ^{{cite book |last= |first= |title=Le XIXe siècle : journal quotidien politique et littéraire |year=1873|publisher=|page= |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75580096/f3.item.r=%22le%20tribunal%20a%20jug%C3%A9%20que%20le%20plaignant%20ne%20justifiait%20pas%20de%20sa%20qualit%C3%A9%20de%20souverain%22.zoom}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Fuligni |first=Bruno |title=Politica Hermetica Les langues secrètes |year=1999 |publisher=L'Age d'homme |page=135 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=pOy-PvNFgHMC&pg=PA135&lpg=PA135&dq=%22+C'est+pourquoi+ces+monarques+de+fantaisie%22&source=bl&ots=yKuBhBhK4G&sig=U3eahd2WbRoJsQ7J9fKolTSUgDI&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwio6YCQg7_bAhVBllQKHfKADMUQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22%20C'est%20pourquoi%20ces%20monarques%20de%20fantaisie%22&f=false}} 7. ^{{cite book |last= |first= |title=Journal du droit international privé et de la jurisprudence comparée |year=1899 |publisher=|page=910 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=lXMOAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA910&dq=%22Ce+souverain+de+fantaisie+a+institu%C3%A9+un+ordre+de+chevalerie,+dit+de+la+Constellation+du+Sud%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7-qCnib_bAhV2IjQIHS8NClQQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Ce%20souverain%20de%20fantaisie%20a%20institu%C3%A9%20un%20ordre%20de%20chevalerie%2C%20dit%20de%20la%20Constellation%20du%20Sud%22&f=false }} 8. ^{{cite book |last=Montaigu |first=Henri |title=Histoire secrète de l'Aquitaine |year=1979|publisher=A. Michel|page=255 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&id=unofAAAAMAAJ&dq=Il+y+eut+m%C3%AAme+un+roi+de+fantaisie%2C+entre+lhistoire+et+la+chim%C3%A8re&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22un+roi+de+fantaisie%22 }} 9. ^{{cite book |last=Lavoix |first=Camille |title=Argentine : Le tango des ambitions |year=2015 |publisher=Nevicata|page= |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=L2DNCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT24&dq=%22Il+r%C3%A9gna+quinze+jours+sur+son+royaume+de+fantaisie%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjonpOhssTbAhU1Mn0KHbXbBmoQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Il%20r%C3%A9gna%20quinze%20jours%20sur%20son%20royaume%20de%20fantaisie%22&f=false}} 10. ^{{cite book |last= |first= |title=Bulletin de la Société de géographie de Lille |year=1907 |publisher=|page=150 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=JCg7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA150&dq=%22eut+un+jour+la+fantaisie+de+s'intituler+roi+d'+Araucanie%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim9sOGuMTbAhX0KX0KHbJTC9wQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22eut%20un%20jour%20la%20fantaisie%20de%20s'intituler%20roi%20d'%20Araucanie%22&f=false }} 11. ^{{cite book |last= |first= |title=Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux |year=1972 |publisher=ICC|page=51 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=ODNcAAAAMAAJ&q=%22citoyen+%C3%A9galement+fran%C3%A7ais,+ne+poss%C3%A9dant+aucun+titre+d'identit%C3%A9+attestant+des+qualit%C3%A9s+ou+des+titres+%C3%A9trangers%22&dq=%22citoyen+%C3%A9galement+fran%C3%A7ais,+ne+poss%C3%A9dant+aucun+titre+d'identit%C3%A9+attestant+des+qualit%C3%A9s+ou+des+titres+%C3%A9trangers%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOj_Hvkd7bAhURI3wKHQ4mCsoQ6AEIJzAA}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/france/articles/Frances-forgotten-monarchy/|title=France's forgotten monarchs|first=Anthony|last=Peregrine|date=5 February 2016|publisher=|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}} External links
4 : Pretenders|Kings of Araucania|1833 births|1903 deaths |
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