| 词条 | Wallace F. Bennett |
| 释义 |
| name=Wallace F. Bennett | image=Wallace_Bennett.jpg | imagesize=150px | jr/sr=United States Senator | state=Utah | term_start=January 3, 1951 | term_end=December 20, 1974 | predecessor=Elbert D. Thomas | successor=Jake Garn |birth_name=Wallace Foster Bennett | birth_date =November 13, 1898 | birth_place =Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. | death_date ={{death date and age|1993|12|19|1898|11|13}} | death_place =Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. | resting_place = Salt Lake City Cemetery | resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|40|46|37.92|N|111|51|28.8|W|type:landmark|display=inline}} | party=Republican | spouse=Frances Marion Grant | children=5 (Including Bob Bennett) | alma_mater=University of Utah | religion=The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon) |allegiance = {{flag|United States|1912}} |branch = {{flag|United States Army}} |serviceyears = |rank = second lieutenant |battles = World War I }}Wallace Foster Bennett (November 13, 1898 – December 19, 1993) was an American businessman and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a United States Senator from Utah from 1951 to 1974. He was the father of Bob Bennett, who later held his seat in the Senate (1993–2011).[1] Early life and educationWallace Bennett was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, to John Foster and Rosetta Elizabeth (née Wallace) Bennett.[2] His grandparents were English immigrants who came to the United States in 1868.[3] He received his early education at local public schools, and graduated from LDS High School in 1916.[4] He then enrolled at the University of Utah, where he majored in English and won a varsity letter in debate.[4] Bennett, a member of the university's Reserve Officers' Training Corps, interrupted his college education to serve in the United States Army during World War I.[5] He was commissioned as a second lieutenant of the Infantry in September 1918, and was assigned as an instructor in the Student Army Training Corps at Colorado College.[3] He later returned to the University of Utah, and earned his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1919.[5] For a year following his graduation, he served as principal of San Luis Stake Academy in Manassa, Colorado.[6] FamilyIn 1922, Bennett married Frances Marion Grant, the youngest daughter of Heber J. Grant (who served as President of the LDS Church from 1918 to 1945).[2] The couple had three sons, Wallace, David, and Robert; and two daughters, Rosemary and Frances.[2] Frances served for a time as a member of the Primary General Board of the LDS Church.[7] Business careerIn 1920, Bennett returned to Salt Lake City and became an office clerk at Bennett's Paint and Glass Company, which his father had established.[6] He was later advanced to cashier, production manager, and sales manager.[4] He became secretary-treasurer of the company in 1929 and, following his father's death in 1938, became president and general manager.[6] He served in that position until 1950, when he became chairman of the board.[3] In 1938, the company completed what Bennett described as the most modern paint manufacturing plant in the West.[4] In addition to his work in his family's business, Bennett organized a Ford dealership known as the Bennett Motor Company, serving as its president from 1939 to 1950.[6] He also served as president of the Cardon Jewelry Company and of the National Glass Distributors Association; vice-president of Glayton Investment Company and of the National Paint, Varnish and Lacquer Association; and director of Zion's Savings Bank and Trust Company, the Utah Oil Refining Company, and the Utah Home Fire Insurance Company.[4] In 1949, he was elected president of the National Association of Manufacturers.[6] He spent his year-long tenure as president traveling the country, preaching "the partnership of the men who put up the money, the men who do the work, and the men who tie the whole thing together."[4] He hosted a daily one-hour program called The Observatory Hour on KSL (1932–1933), and was president of the Salt Lake Civic Opera Company (1938–41) and the Salt Lake Community Chest (1944–1945).[3] In 1935, he became treasurer of the Latter-day Saints Sunday School General Board.[4] He directed the chorus of student nurses of LDS Hospital (1942–48), and wrote the words to God of Power, God of Right which is Hymn #20 in the 1985 Latter-day Saints Hymnal.[3] He authored Faith and Freedom (1950) and Why I am a Mormon (1958).[6] U.S. SenateIn March 1950, Bennett announced his candidacy for a seat in the United States Senate from Utah.[3] After receiving the Republican nomination, he faced three-term Democratic incumbent Elbert D. Thomas in the general election.[8] During the campaign, he accused Thomas of having Communist positions and circulated pamphlets associating Thomas with Communist organizations and figures.[8] In November, he defeated Thomas by a margin of 54%-46%.[9] He was subsequently re-elected to three more terms.[6] The silver problemIn the late 1950s, the US Treasury became a begrudging supplier of silver at $0.905 an ounce. Bennett warned that the lack of supply versus the high demand would cause the deficit to fall on the Treasury Stocks. By 1961, the Treasury Stocks had unnecessarily been depleted. In 1963, the government had only 30 million ounces of free silver, against the annual coinage requirement for the United States of more than 75 million ounces. The price of silver per ounce was now $1.2929, but if the United States bought extra silver, the price would go above $ 1.29. The Silver Purchase Act of 1963 was supported by Bennett and repealed "existing silver purchase requirements and the transfer of tax of silver bullion."[10] It also allowed the Federal Reserve to issue $1 and $2 notes to replace "silver certificates or the denominations thus making 1.6 billion ounces of silver available to the United States Treasury."[10] Bennett Spoke at a Convention of the American Mining Congress in 1963 declaring the coin and silver problem had reached a catastrophic level. His views were face with much criticism. Two years later to function properly, the Treasury proposed a new set of coins. Bennett joined forces with the administration and worked on a solution, the Coinage Act of 1965, which he got through Congress to be enacted into law.[10] LeadershipDuring his 23 years in the Senate, Bennett earned a reputation as a conservative and a pro-business advocate, opposing government regulations and supporting right-to-work laws.[11] He served as a member of the Senate Finance and Banking and Currency Committees, as well as the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and Defense Production. Bennett was the vice chairman of Senate Ethics Committee.[12] He supported the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and supported a measure that prohibited federal aid to schools that practiced racial discrimination.[11] He opposed the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and the creation of Medicare.[11] He was also instrumental in bringing the Central Utah Project and the defense and aerospace industries to Utah.[6] By the end of his political career, Bennett was the ranking Republican on Senate Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee, and the Senate Finance Committee. He was "recognized as one of the nations leading fiscal and monetary experts."[10] Bennett declined to seek re-election in 1974, and resigned on December 20 of that year to let his elected successor, Jake Garn, take office early and gain seniority.[12] Later life and deathFollowing his departure from the Senate, Bennett returned to Salt Lake City and resumed his business pursuits, serving on a variety of boards.[5] When his son Robert was elected to his former Senate seat in 1992, the elder Bennett said, "Bob and I have made Utah history. We are the first father and son combination to be elected to the U.S. Senate in this state."[1] Bennett died at his home in Salt Lake City, at age 95.[2] He is buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery.[5] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite news|date=2006-06-16|work=MSNBC|title=Father's Day for the Senate's 'Legacy Caucus'|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/13350751/ns/politics/t/fathers-day-senates-legacy-caucus|last=Donovan|first=Chris}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|date=1993-12-20|work=Deseret News|title=DEATH: WALLACE FOSTER BENNETT|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/327035/DEATH--WALLACE-FOSTER-BENNETT.html}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography|volume=I|year=1964|publisher=James T. White & Company}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book|title=Current Biography|year=1950|publisher=H. W. Wilson Company}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress|title=BENNETT, Wallace Foster, (1898 - 1993)|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000384}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{citation |last= Gessel |first= David C. |contribution= Bennett, Wallace F. |contribution-url= http://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/b/BENNETT_WALLACE.html |editor-last= Powell |editor-first= Allan Kent |year= 1994 |title= Utah History Encyclopedia |location= Salt Lake City, Utah |publisher= University of Utah Press |isbn= 0874804256 |oclc= 30473917 }} 7. ^[https://www.lds.org/ensign/1979/07/jedediah-and-heber-grant?lang=eng Ronald Walker, "Jedediah and Heber", Ensign, 1979] 8. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Brune|first1=Lester H.|title=The Korean War: Handbook of the Literature and Research|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Connecticut}} 9. ^{{cite news|work=Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|title=Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1950|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1950election.pdf}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Douth|first1=George|title=Leaders in Profile: The United States Senate|date=1972|publisher=Sperr & Douth, Inc.|location=New York, New York}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Siracusa|first1=Joseph M.|title=The Kennedy Years|year=2004|publisher=Facts On File, Inc.|location=New York}} 12. ^1 {{cite news|date=1993-12-20|work=The New York Times|title=Wallace Bennett, Ex-Senator, 95; Utah Republican Served 24 Years|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/20/obituaries/wallace-bennett-ex-senator-95-utah-republican-served-24-years.html}} Further reading
External links{{CongBio|B000384}}
18 : 1898 births|1993 deaths|American Latter Day Saint hymnwriters|American military personnel of World War I|American people of English descent|Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery|Businesspeople from Salt Lake City|Republican Party United States Senators|United States Senators from Utah|University of Utah alumni|Utah Republicans|Wells–Bennett–Grant family|American anti-communists|20th-century American musicians|20th-century American politicians|Politicians from Salt Lake City|Latter Day Saints from Colorado|Latter Day Saints from Utah |
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