“Archer-class torpedo cruiser”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Archer-class torpedo cruiser

释义

Design
Ships
Fate
Citations
References

{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=HMS Archer Devonport 1888 AWM 302141.jpeg

Ship caption= HMS Archer circa 1888
}}{{Infobox ship class overview

Name=Archer class

Builders=*J & G Thomson, Glasgow

Devonport Dockyard

UK}}

Scout|cruiser|4}}

Marathon|cruiser|4}}

Subclasses=

Cost=

Built range= 1885–1886

In service range=

In commission range= 1890–1906

Total ships building=

Total ships planned=

Total ships completed=8

Total ships cancelled=

Total ships active=

Total ships laid up=

Total ships lost=1

Total ships retired=7

Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship class=

Ship type=3rd class cruiser

Ship tonnage=

1770|LT|t|0|lk=in}}

Ship tons burthen=

68.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

11|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship height=

4.42|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship draft=

Ship depth=

Ship hold depth=

Ship decks=

Ship deck clearance=

4500|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at forced draught

Ship propulsion=2 cyl HDACE, 4 boiler ^[1]

Ship sail plan=

Ship speed= 17.5 knots at forced draught

7000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at 10 knots

Ship boats=

Ship complement=176

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

6|in|mm|abbr=on|1}} guns

6 × 3-pounder gun
2 × machine guns
1 × {{Convert|357|mm|in|abbr=on}} bow aw
2 × 2 {{Convert|357|mm|in|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes

10|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} deck

{{convert|25|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} gunshield
{{convert|75|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} conning tower^[2]

Ship notes=
}}

The {{sclass-|Archer|torpedo cruiser|4}} was a class of eight cruisers of the Royal Navy. Five ships were built at J & G Thomson in Glasgow while three ships were built at the Devonport Dockyard with all ships completed between 1885 and 1886. These ships mainly served in the British Empire's foreign fleets being on various stations throughout the north Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Throughout their careers they were involved in a number of local conflicts including the Anglo-Zanzibar War, First Sino-Japanese War, and the Boxer Rebellion.^[3]

Design

Third class cruisers of the Royal Navy, also known as torpedo cruisers, were designed to meet and defeat smaller torpedo boats while also being able to strike larger vessels with their own torpedoes. To this end they filled the role that would be soon taken over by early destroyer designs. The Archer class were enlarged derivatives of the earlier {{sclass-|Scout|torpedo cruiser|4}}.

Ships

Name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Completed	Fate
Archer\|1885\|2}}	Thomson	2 March 1885	23 December 1885	11 December 1888	Sold April 1905
Brisk\|1886\|2}}	Thomson	2 March 1885	8 April 1886	20 March 1888	Sold May 1906
Cossack\|1886\|2}}	Thomson	2 March 1885	2 June 1886	1 January 1889	Sold April 1905
Mohawk\|1886\|2}}	Thomson	2 March 1885	6 February 1886	16 December 1890	Sold April 1905
Porpoise\|1886\|2}}	Thomson	2 March 1885	7 May 1886	12 February 1888	Sold February 1905
Racoon\|1887\|2}}	Devonport	1 February 1886	6 May 1887	July 1888	Sold April 1905
Serpent\|1887\|2}}	Devonport	9 November 1885	10 March 1887	March 1888	Wrecked 10 November 1890
Tartar\|1886\|2}}	Thompson	2 March 1885	28 October 1886	30 June 1891	Sold April 1906

Fate

On November 10, 1890, {{HMS|Serpent|1887|6}} was caught in heavy storm off the northwest coast of Spain. The ship attempted to reach shelter but ran aground near Camariñas on the treacherous Costa da Morte of Galicia. All but three of her crew were killed. The resulting court martial investigating the loss of Serpent concluded that the ship had been lost as a result of a navigation error.^[4] The seven other ships of the Archer class would quickly lose their usefulness to the Royal Navy as shipbuilding and design moved at a rapid pace around the turn of the century. All seven ships would be sold for scrap in 1905 and 1906.

Citations

1. ^{{Cite book |title=Warrior to Dreadnought |last=Brown |first=D.K. |authorlink=David K. Brown |publisher=Seaforth |origyear=1997 |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84832-086-4 |ref={{harvid|Brown|1997}} |page=165}}
2. ^Gogin, I. (8/21/2017) ARCHER torpedo cruisers (1888-1891), http://www.navypedia.org/ships/uk/brit_cr_archer.htm
3. ^Clowes pp. 430–431.
4. ^{{cite web|title=Aniversario del naufragio del "HMS Serpent"|work=El Ideal Gallego|date=8 February 2015|url=http://www.elidealgallego.com/articulo/coruna/aniversario-naufragio-hms-serpent/20150207234038228626.html|accessdate=2 October 2015}}

References

{{cite book|last=Clowes|first=William Laird|authorlink=William Laird Clowes|title=The Royal Navy: A History From the Earliest Times to the Death of Queen Victoria: Volume VII|date=1903|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston and Company|url=https://archive.org/details/royalnavy07clow}}

2 : 1880s ships|Victorian-era cruisers of the United Kingdom

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