| 词条 | Walter Trohan |
| 释义 |
| name = | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Walter J. Trohan | birth_date = {{Birth date|1903|7|4}} | birth_place = Mt. Carmel, Pennsylvania | death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|10|28|1903|7|4}} | death_place = Bethesda, Maryland | nationality = American | other_names = | occupation = Journalist (newspaperman) | years_active = 1927–1978 | known_for = Washington bureau chief (1947–1968) for Chicago Tribune newspaper | notable_works = }}Walter Trohan (July 4, 1903 – October 28, 2003) was a 20th-century American journalist, known as a long-time Chicago Tribune reporter (1939–1971) and its bureau chief in Washington, D.C. (1949–1968).[1][2][3][4] BackgroundWalter J. Tronan was born on July 4, 1903, in Mt. Carmel, Pennsylvania. In 1920, he family moved to the South Side of Chicago, where his father was a wholesale grocer. He attended Bowen High School, reported for a bit at the Daily Calumet, and in 1926 graduated from the University of Notre Dame.[1][2]>[3][4] CareerAfter college, Troman went to New York City to work but "didn't like it" and returned to Chicago. In 1927, Trohan went to work at the for the City News Bureau (1927–1929).>[3] On February 29, 1929, he received an offer to jon the Chicago Tribune newspaper. As a young reporter he was first on the scene of the infamous St. Valentine's Day Massacre when Al Capone's gang gunned down several members of the rival Bugs Moran gang.[1][2][3][4] In 1934, the Trib transferred Trohan as assistant correspondent to Washington, DC, when Franklin Delano Roosevelt was president. In spite of the Tribune's hostility to Roosevelt's policies, Trohan and the president "maintained cordial relations." (Later, Trohan said FDR had "charisma in spades" yet was "the worst snob I ever ran across.") In 1936, Trohan called FBI director J. Edgar Hoover a "Keystone cop," though eventually they became friends.[1][2][3] Harry TrumanTrohan recalled that he did not know Truman well initially because he did not cover Capitol Hill much. However, he did meet him and noted that U.S. Senator Burton K. Wheeler had gotten Truman a seat on the Senate's Interstate Commerce Committee. He said that he received a lot of advice from Wheeler, as well as Lewis B. Schwellenbach. On the committee, Truman proved himself "quite and expert investigator." That said, he did not think Truman had enough experience to run for vice president and believed that Roosevelt chose Truman simply to avoid running again with Henry A. Wallace.[3] Anti-Communist and Alger HissOn December 26, 1946, the Trib wrote a page-one story by Trohan entitled "New Congress' Pink 'Advisors' Face G.O.P. Ax."[5] In 1947, Trohan became "executive director" of the Trib's Washington bureau through 1949.[3] On September 26, 1948, he reported that Alger Hiss was about to flee the country rather than file a libel suit against Whittaker Chambers: Hiss filed the suit the very next day.> Overall, Trohan was critical of Truman's handling of the Hiss Case: "Like the time he fronted for Alger Hiss. He wasn't fronting for Alger Hiss, per se, he thought they were attacking him through Hiss. Roosevelt would have sacrificed Hiss at the snap of the finger. He would have sacrificed anybody, but Mr. Truman figured that that was a fight on him, so he supported Hiss whom he didn't really like; thought he was a terrible fellow."[6] Douglas MacArthurIn 1949, Trohan became Washington bureau chief (or "director") for the Trib through 1969. In 1951, Trohan was known for ferreting out the fact that President Truman planned to fire General Douglas MacArthur, the commander of UN forces in Korea. When Truman found out that Trohan knew about his plan, he publicly announced his decision via General Omar Bradley and robbed Trohan of the scoop. He experienced censorship during World War II, as well.[1][2][7] Washington ReportFrom 1951 to 1968, Trohan also filed a radio broadcast for the Trib called "Washington Report." In 1959, he accompanied U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower on a three-continent tour.[4] In 1969, he retired from his position as Washington bureau chief and on December 31, 1971, from his radio and column.[1][2][3] Richard NixonTrohan was a long-time "intimate journalist friend" of U.S. President Richard Nixon. In 1953, he wrote Nixon (then, vice president) a letter that warned him against U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy.[8][9][10][11] Personal and deathAround 1929, Trohan married Carol Rowland. They had two daughters and a son.[1][2] Trohan was president of the White House Correspondents' Association in 1937-1938[12] and the Gridiron Club in 1967.[1][2][4] Trohan was anti-semitic. For instance, in 1950, he wrote an article that accused U.S. Senator Herbert H. Lehman, Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter, and U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau Jr. were part of an alleged "secret super-Government of Jews in Washington."[13][14] Trohan and his wife lived in County Clare, Ireland, from 1971 to 1978 and then returned to live in Columbia, Maryland.[1][4] Trohan died age 100 on October 28, 2003, in a hospital in Bethesda, Maryland.[1][2][4] LegacyTrohan is the source for much unique information about Franklin Roosevelt's health that turned up in various publications and FBI documents. He was the source for much of a controversial article published by Dr. Karl C. Wold in Look Magazine in 1947. He also collaborated with James A. Farley in ghost writing his memoirs. Trohan's papers are housed at the Herbert Hoover Library, near Cedar Rapids, Iowa. WorkIn 1975 Trohan wrote his memoirs and titled the book Political Animals. In the book, he recalled how when he arrived in Washington in 1934 as an assistant correspondent in the Tribune{{'}}s Washington Bureau. He could remember freely wandering Roosevelt's White House and interviewing cabinet members and other staff. Due to tightened security measures, this freedom no longer exists.
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite news| first = Glen| last = Elsasser| title = Walter Trohan, 100: Tribune Voice in Washington| publisher = Chicago Tribune| url = http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-10-31/news/0310310172_1_mr-trohan-walter-trohan-tribune| date = 31 October 2003| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news| title = Walter Trohan| publisher = Washington Post| url = http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?n=walter-trohan&pid=1561506| date = 2 November 2003| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web| first = Jerry N.| last = Hess| authorlink = Jerry N. Hess| title = Oral History Interview wit Walter Trohan| publisher = Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum| url = https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/trohan.htm| date = 7 October 1970| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web| title = Walter Trohan Papers, 1917-1978| publisher = Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum| url = https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/trohan.htm| date = 7 October 1970| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 5. ^{{cite book | first = Joanna | last = Grisinger | title = The Unwieldy American State: Administrative Politics Since the New Deal | publisher = Knopf (Hoover Press, 3rd edition) | place = New York (Stanford, 3rd edition) | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=toEfF8xlMmkC | pages = 173 (3rd edition) | date = 1978 | accessdate = 2 November 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book | first = Allen | last = Weinstein | authorlink = Allen Weinstein | title = Perjury: The Hiss–Chambers Case | publisher = Knopf (Hoover Press, 3rd edition) | place = New York (Stanford, 3rd edition) | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=toEfF8xlMmkC | pages = 173 (3rd edition) | date = 1978 | accessdate = 2 November 2017}} 7. ^{{cite news| first = Michael A.| last = Hoffman II| title = Historical News and Comment: Chicago Tribune History| publisher = Institute for Historical Review| url = http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v06/v06p508_Hoffman.html| date = | accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 8. ^{{cite book| first = Stephen E.| last = Ambrose| title = Nixon Volume I: The Education of a Politician 1913-1962| publisher = Simon & Schuster| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-5zAgAAQBAJ| page = 315 (letter), 316, 363| date = 18 March 2014| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 9. ^{{cite book| first = Anthony| last = Summers| title = The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard Nixon| publisher = | url = https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1101199482| page = | date = 2001| accessdate = 5 November 2017}} 10. ^{{cite book| first = Richard| last = Reeves| title = President Nixon: Alone in the White House| publisher = | url = https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0743227190| page = | date = 2002| accessdate = 5 November 2017}} 11. ^{{cite book| first1 = Clint| last1 = Hill| first2 = Lisa| last2 = McCubbin| title = Five Presidents: My Extraordinary Journey with Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Ford| publisher = | url = https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1476794170| page = | date = 2016| accessdate = 5 November 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.whca.net/officers.htm|title= White House Correspondents Association|accessdate=2 August 2010}} 13. ^{{cite news| title = Morgenthau, Lehman, Frankfurter Smeared| publisher = Jewish Post| url = https://newspapers.library.in.gov/cgi-bin/indiana?a=d&d=JPOST19500609-01.1.11| page = 11| date = 9 June 1950| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 14. ^{{cite book| first = Duane| last = Tanabaum| title = Herbert H. Lehman: A Political Biography| publisher = SUNY Press| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JOiqDQAAQBAJ| page = 330| date = 7 December 2016| accessdate = 3 November 2017}} External sources
3 : 1903 births|2003 deaths|American centenarians |
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