| 词条 | Argyropelecus affinis |
| 释义 |
| name = Argyropelecus affinis | image = FMIB 53392 Argyropelecus alfinis Brauer (Valdivia).jpeg | status = LC | status_system = iucn3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Actinopterygii | ordo = Stomiiformes | familia = Sternoptychidae | subfamilia = Sternoptychinae | genus = Argyropelecus | species = A. affinis | binomial = Argyropelecus affinis | binomial_authority = Garman, 1899 [2] | synonyms = *Argyropelachus affinis Garman, 1899
}} Argyropelecus affinis is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Sternoptychidae, found in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Common names for this fish include Pacific hatchetfish, deepsea hatchetfish and slender hatchetfish. It inhabits the mesopelagic zone and is either non-migratory or performs short daily vertical migrations. DescriptionArgyropelecus affinis is a small laterally compressed fish with a standard length of up to {{convert|70|mm}}. It has a vertical mouth and tubular eyes that are directed upwards.[3] There is a short spine in front of the operculum but no spine behind the eye. The dorsal fin has 9 short soft rays and there is also a dorsal adipose fin. The pectoral fin has 11 or 12 soft rays, the pelvic fin 6 and the anal fin 13. There are several short post-abdominal spines. The swim bladder is gas-filled and well-developed. This fish has a dark-coloured back and silvery sides, with darker pigment along the lateral line. The scales have a tendency to detach and adult fish have rows of photophores on the underside.[3]Distribution and habitatThis species is circum-global and is found in the warmer parts of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is plentiful off the coast of West Africa from about 10°S northwards, and is present as far south as 15°S near Madagascar. It is usually found in the mesopelagic zone.[4] During the day, trawls at depths between {{convert|350|and|600|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}} produce the highest catches and at night the greatest abundance of fish is in the depth range {{convert|170|and|400|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}; this indicates that some, but not necessarily all, fish make short daily vertical migrations.[1] EcologyAdult Argyropelecus affinis feed on planktonic organisms, salps, krill, arrow worms, copepods and ostracods.[5] Smaller fish consume mainly copepods and ostracods, and their adult arrangement of photophores develop when they are about {{convert|14|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} long.[3] The lenses of the eyes of A. affinis contains yellow pigments that absorb short-wave radiation; the proportions of the two carotenoid-like pigments present change as the fish grows older.[6] It is not clear what precise function is served by the pigments, but with some of the incident illumination being absorbed, the fish's absolute sensitivity to light must be reduced.[7] StatusA. affinis is a common fish and is abundant in many parts of its wide range. No specific threats have been identified and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/190118/0 |title=Argyropelecus affinis |author=Harold, A. |date=2015 |work=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1 |accessdate=18 February 2016}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q145738}}2. ^{{cite WoRMS |author=Bailly, Nicolas |year=2015 |title=Argyropelecus affinis Garman, 1899 |id=127307 |accessdate=17 February 2016|db=}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=fnam&id=1361 |title=Argyropelecus affinis |work=Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean |publisher=Marine Species Information Portal |accessdate=17 February 2016}} 4. ^{{cite book|author1=Smith, Margaret M.|author2=Heemstra, Phillip C.|title=Smiths’ Sea Fishes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnTpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA256 |year=2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-642-82858-4 |page=256}} 5. ^{{cite journal |author1=Kinzer, J. |author2=Schulz, K. |year=1988 |title=Vertical distribution and feeding patterns of midwater fish in the central equatorial Atlantic II. Sternoptychidae |journal=Marine Biology |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=261–269 |doi=10.1007/BF00391989 }} 6. ^{{cite journal |author1=Douglas, R.H. |author2=Thorpe, A. |year=1992 |title=Short-wave absorbing pigments in the ocular lenses of deep-sea teleosts |journal=Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom |volume=72 |issue=1 |pages=93–112 |doi=10.1017/S0025315400048815 }} 7. ^{{cite journal |author=Muntz, W.R.A. |year=1976 |title=On yellow lenses in mesopelagic animals |journal=Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=963–976 |doi=10.1017/S0025315400021019 }} 4 : Sternoptychidae|Fish described in 1899|Bioluminescent fish|Taxa named by Samuel Garman |
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