| 词条 | Artesian Commons |
| 释义 |
| name = Artesian Commons | photo = Artesian Commons (1).jpg | photo_width = | photo_caption = Park entrance seen from 4th Avenue | type = Municipal (Olympia) | location = 415 4th Ave SE Olympia, Washington | coords = {{coord|47.0450|N|122.8972|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | area = {{convert|0.2|acre|m2}} | created = May, 2014 | operator = Olympia Parks Department | visitation_num = | status = Closed }}Artesian Commons is a {{convert|0.2|acre|adj=on}} park in downtown Olympia, Washington built in May 2014 around an artesian spring. It is described by the city as Olympia's first urban park (Sylvester Park in the Olympia Downtown Historic District is state-owned). Drinking water supplyThe free, public downtown artesian spring has long been used by Olympians for drinking water, along with other springs used to make beer brewed at Well 80 Artesian Brewing across the street from Artesian Commons;[2][3] and commercial kombucha at Magic Kombucha, and beer at McMenamins Spar Café and Fish Brewing Company, all nearby in the downtown area.[4][5] Artesian well water is tested by the city, along with the main city supplies at McAllister Wellfield (replacing McAllister Springs since the 2010s) and Allison Springs.[1][2] Lead levels at the artesian spring in 2015 were less than 0.001 mg/L (the EPA action level is 0.015).[2][3] A summer, 2016 survey of over 400 park users showed that the median user bottled between 4 and 6 gallons of their own water to take home, and was the only drinking water supply for 70% of the respondents.[10] Controversy and closureThe park has been controversial because of a "steady stream of problems" including its high use by homeless people, drug dealing, violence and other criminal activity.[11][12] The trash generated by park users is three quarters that of a well-used {{convert|40|acre|adj=on}} Olympia park, or 150 times greater on a per-acre basis.[10] The park had a paid "well host", Garrett Cooper, an Army veteran, and a park ranger charged with enforcement.[14][10] In early 2016, the city applied some crime prevention through environmental design practices including fencing and lighting to deter unwanted behavior.[4] A November, 2016 police surveillance video of a brawl in the park went viral and was reported in international media.[17] In August, 2018, following four years of incidents including almost 1,400 calls for police at the park,[5] it was permanently closed. Although the park was closed, the Portland Loo and the artesian well remained accessible to the public. In closing the park, the city cited "violent incidents, verbal altercations, nuisance behaviors, and mental health emergencies".[6][7][8] The closure was met with a September protest involving occupation of the park, in which people were arrested for trespassing and for assaulting police.[9] Art and folkloreThe park's artesian well was decorated with public art murals by local artist Jennifer Kuhns.[4] An urban legend states that if one drinks artesian water from one of the over 90 artesian springs in Olympia,{{efn|Downtown Olympia alone has 96 artesian wells[10][11]}} one will return to the city.[26] See also
Footnotes{{Notelist}}References1. ^{{citation|title=McAllister Wellfield|publisher=City of Olympia|url=http://olympiawa.gov/city-utilities/drinking-water/McAllister.aspx}} [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]2. ^1 {{citation|title=Water quality report|publisher=City of Olympia|url=http://olympiawa.gov/city-utilities/drinking-water/water-quality.aspx}} 3. ^{{citation|publisher=Environmental Health and Medicine Education, United States Centers for Disease Control|title=What Are the U.S. Standards for Lead Levels?|date=August 20, 2007|url=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=7&po=8}} 4. ^http://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article62535717.html 5. ^{{citation|title=Violence, threats force Olympia to close Artesian Commons Park|publisher=KOMO News |location=Seattle|date=August 24, 2018|url=https://komonews.com/news/local/violence-threats-force-olympia-to-close-artesian-commons-park}} 6. ^{{citation|title=Artesian Commons Park Closed|date=August 24, 2018|type=press release|publisher=City of Olympia|url=http://olympiawa.gov/news-and-faq-s/news-releases/082418-artesian-closed.aspx}} 7. ^{{citation|title=Olympia closes Artesian Commons Park to the public, but not to the drug-addicted vagrants?|author=Dori Monson|publisher=KIRO Radio/MyNothwest.com|location=Seattle|date=August 24, 2018|url=http://mynorthwest.com/1090530/dori-artesian-commons-park-olympia/}} 8. ^{{citation|title=Olympia closes Artesian Commons Park indefinitely because of threats to staff|author=Abby Spegman |newspaper=The Olympian|date=August 24, 2018 |url=https://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article217281635.html}} 9. ^{{citation|title=Three Arrested in Protest at Olympia's Artesian Commons Park|author=Rolf Boone |date=September 25, 2018|newspaper=The Chronicle|location=Centralia, Washington|url=http://www.chronline.com/crime/three-arrested-in-protest-at-olympia-s-artesian-commons-park/article_9dfb5e3a-c0e6-11e8-b02e-f3c4b670998a.html}} 10. ^1 {{cite web | last=Boone | first=Rolf | title=You've driven by Well 80 on Fourth Avenue for months. Now, it’s about to get real. | newspaper=The Olympian | date=2018-02-16 | url=https://www.theolympian.com/news/business/article200433584.html | access-date=2018-11-10}} 11. ^1 {{cite web | last=Chew | first=Jeff | title=Olympia’s Well 80 Artesian Brewing Co. opens with new brews, menus | website=iFIBER ONE News Radio | date=2018-03-21 | url=http://www.ifiberonenewsradio.com/news/local_news/olympia-s-well-artesian-brewing-co-opens-with-new-brews/article_a1ec9966-2d32-11e8-b136-8f61a7028bea.html | access-date=2018-11-10}} 12. ^1 2 {{citation|title=In Olympia, It's Still the Water: Olympia is different—same as it ever was|author=Allison Williams |date=June 20, 2012|work=Seattle Met|url=https://www.seattlemet.com/articles/2012/6/20/olympia-its-still-the-water-july-2012}} 13. ^1 {{citation|work=Climate change in Olympia, Washington|type=blog|publisher=The Evergreen State College|author=Moltar02|title=Intro: Artesian Commons Park|date=April 7, 2016|url=http://blogs.evergreen.edu/vcc-moltar02/intro-artesian-commons-park/}} 14. ^1 {{citation|title=Olympia police crack down on drug dealing in downtown park|publisher=KCPQ-TV Q13 News|date=December 29, 2014|author=James Lynch|url=http://q13fox.com/2014/12/29/olympia-police-crack-down-on-drug-dealing-in-downtown-park/}} 15. ^1 {{citation|title=Artesian well in Olympia seeing steady stream of problems|publisher=KCPQ-TV Q13 News|date=January 14, 2015|url=http://q13fox.com/2015/01/14/artesian-well-seeing-steady-stream-of-problems/}} 16. ^1 {{citation|newspaper=Daily Mail|location=UK|title=Shocking moment a savage brawl breaks out at a park after a man sucker punches another before being attacked by a group of people|date=November 12, 2016|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3929418/Smackdown-Shocking-moment-savage-brawl-breaks-park-man-sucker-punches-attacked-group-people.html}} 17. ^1 {{cite newspaper|title='Well host' and ranger watch over Olympia's Artesian Commons|author=Andy Hobbs|date=September 19, 2016||newspaper=The Olympian|url=http://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article102491417.html}} 18. ^1 2 3 {{citation|title=It's more than the water: Artesian Commons has come a long way in downtown Olympia|author=Andy Hobbs|date=January 21, 2017|newspaper=The Olympian|url=http://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article127952414.html}} 19. ^1 {{citation|title=What's the deal with Olympia's Water?|author= Karen Miller | work=South Sound Magazine |date=June 20, 2016|url=http://southsoundmag.com/whats-the-deal-with-olympias-water/}} }} External links{{Commons category}}
4 : 2014 establishments in Washington (state)|Parks in Olympia, Washington|Protected areas established in 2014|Springs of the United States |
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