| 词条 | Arthur Good |
| 释义 |
| name = Arthur Good | image = Tom Tit (Arthur Good).png | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1853|08|16}} or {{birth date|df=yes|1853|08|26}} | birth_place = Montivilliers, Seine-Maritime, France | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1928|03|30|1853|08|26}} | death_place = | residence = France | nationality = French | field = Engineering | work_institutions = | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = | awards = }} Arthur Good (16[1] or 26[1] August 1853 – 30 March 1928) was a French engineer,[3] science educator, author and caricaturist who used the pen name Tom Tit. He wrote a series of weekly articles, La Science Amusante, or Amusing Science, that were collected in book form and have been translated and republished in more than 130 editions in several languages. The illustrations for his do-it-yourself scientific apparatuses have been described as surrealist collages, and were an inspiration for surrealist artists such as Max Ernst and Joseph Cornell. Personal lifeArthur Good was born in Montivilliers, Seine-Maritime, France on 16[1] or 26[1] August 1853. He was the son of Protestant pastor Gustave Frédéric Good (1823–1896) and Louise Stéphanie Monod (1827–1909).[2] Good graduated from the École centrale des arts et manufacture in Paris, where he studied engineering.[7] He married Jeanne Valon (1857–1910) in Paris on 6 April 1881. They had four children.[2] La Science AmusanteUnder the pen name Tom Tit, Arthur Good wrote a series of weekly articles, La Science Amusante, or Amusing Science, for the French magazine L’Illustration.[9] Good presented a range of physical experiments, from "simple games meant to amuse the family" to experiments "of a truly scientific character". They introduce a range of physical and scientific principles[3] including magnetism and surface tension.[4] Good's articles include geometrical demonstrations, craft projects, and physics experiments which can be carried out with everyday household materials.[9] In books such as La Récréation En Famille he emphasized that scientific education could be a common activity and amusement for the entire family. He dedicated La Science Amusante to one of his children, saying "In dedicating this volume today, I would like it to be a souvenir for you of the happy moments we have spent together trying the experiments and constructing the apparatuses".[3] Good created improvised scientific apparatuses like his Soap-bubble Chandelier using common items such as bottles, eggs, corks, candles, and soap.[9] His constructions have an imaginative charm that has led to them being compared to surrealistic collages.[9] Nonetheless, his drawings were seriously and carefully rendered by scientific engraver Louis Poyet (1846–1913) and his assistants.[5][6] The original columns from La Science Amusante were collected and published in a three-volume series in France. Each volume contained 100 amusements. Beginning in 1889,[3] they have been reprinted in over 130 editions.[4] Collections of amusements were translated and published in English, Italian, and Spanish.[5] In the United States they appeared as Magical Experiments, or Science in Play, and in England as Scientific Amusements. A selection has also been republished as 100 Amazing Magic Tricks.[4] Good's books are considered to have laid the foundations for modern approaches to science education in their introduction of "kitchen science" and hands-on experiments for children.[7] Other publications{{library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooksby=yes|viaf=152121104|lcheading=Tit, Tom }}Good also published instructions for DIY entertainments in Pour Amuser Les Petits ou les joujoux qu’on peut faire soi-même (To Amuse the Little Ones, or Do-It-Yourself Small Toys), La Récréation En Famille (Family Recreations), Les Bons Jeudis (Fun Thursdays – in Good's day in France there were no classes on Thursdays),[8] and Joujoux en Papier (Paper Toys).[5] From 1885 to 1888, he was the editor of a periodical, Le Chercheur, that featured new inventions. He also wrote for La Nature.[9] In addition to his science education publications, Good published a set of Caricatures of famous Britons in London in 1913.[10] He received a medal of honor from the National Society for the Development of Good (Société nationale d'encouragement au bien).[11] SurrealismDuring the 1920s and 1930s, surrealist artists such as Max Ernst[12] and Joseph Cornell[13] were intrigued by the Tom Tit illustrations, and incorporated them into their own works.[5]GalleryReferences1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Catalogue Général|url=http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12058496c|website=BnF (nouvelle fenêtre)|accessdate=7 December 2016}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Arthur Good|url=http://gw.geneanet.org/bourelly?lang=fr&p=arthur&n=good|website=Geneanet|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Lachapelle|first1=Sofie|title=Conjuring Science: A History of Scientific Entertainment and Stage Magic in Modern France|date=2015|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-49768-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HB7eCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT62|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Elder|first1=R. Bruce|title=Dada, surrealism, and the cinematic effect|date=2013|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier University Press|location=Waterloo, Ont.|isbn=978-1-55458-625-7|pages=494–495|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mhXaAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA494|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|last1=Edelman|first1=Eric|title=The Collaged World of Tom Tit|url=http://blog.retrocollage.com/collaged-world-tom-tit/|website=RetroCollage|accessdate=11 December 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Le graveur du dimanche * Louis Poyet|url=http://gonefishing.over-blog.com/article-le-graveur-du-dimanche-louis-poyet-48802161.html|website=Gone Fishing|date=18 April 2010|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Buxton |first1=Cory A. |last2=Provenzo, Jr. |first2=Eugene F. |title=Teaching Science in Elementary and Middle School: A Cognitive and Cultural Approach |publisher=Sage |year=2007 |page=44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3aqDhzUdLS4C&pg=PA44 |oclc=72353389 |isbn=978-1-4129-2497-9}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21586572-state-primary-schools-are-abandoning-their-four-day-week-weird-about-wednesday|title=France: Weird about Wednesday|journal=The Economist|date=21 September 2013}} 9. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Chemineau|first1=Manuel|title=Fortunes de "La Nature" 1873–1914|date=2012|publisher=Lit|location=Wien|isbn=978-3-643-50426-5|page=123|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EzLsnv5TmkwC&lpg=PA123|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Good|first1=Arthur|title=Caricatures|date=1913|publisher=The New Age Press, Limited|location=London|url=https://archive.org/stream/caricaturesbytom00gooduoft#page/n15/mode/2up|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Livre La science amusante (première série) : 100 expériences|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2029874/texteBrut|website=Gallica|accessdate=8 November 2016}} 12. ^{{cite book|last1=Colombino|first1=Laura|title=Ford Madox Ford : vision, visuality and writing|date=2008|publisher=Peter Lang|location=Bern|isbn=978-3-03911-396-5|pages=138–139|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vm1iq3h1a7QC&pg=PA138}} 13. ^{{cite book|last1=Edwards|first1=Jason|last2=Taylor|first2=Stephanie L.|title=Joseph Cornell : opening the box|date=2007|publisher=Lang|location=Oxford|isbn=978-3-03911-058-2|page=169|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=beSQjePY4CAC&pg=PA169|accessdate=8 November 2016}} External links{{Commons category|Arthur Good (Tom Tit)}}
7 : 1853 births|1928 deaths|French engineers|French caricaturists|People from Montivilliers|Science education|Scientists from Paris |
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