| 词条 | Arthur Murray (general) |
| 释义 |
|name=Arthur Murray |image=Arthur Murray.jpg |caption=Major General Arthur Murray, first Chief of Coast Artillery |birth_date={{birth date|1851|4|29}} |death_date={{death date and age|1925|5|12|1851|4|29}} |birth_place=Bowling Green, Missouri |death_place=Washington, D.C. |placeofburial=Arlington National Cemetery |allegiance={{flag|United States of America}} |branch= United States Army |serviceyears=1878–1915 1917–1918 |rank= Major General |unit= |commands=Battery L, 1st Field Artillery Battery A, 1st Field Artillery 43rd Infantry Regiment School of Submarine Defense Field Artillery Corps Coast Artillery Corps Western Department |battles=Spanish–American War Philippine Insurrection World War I |awards=Distinguished Service Medal |relations=Brigadier General René Edward De Russy (father in law) Major General Henry Conger Pratt (son in law) Major General Maxwell Murray (son) |spouse=Sara Wetmore De Russy |laterwork=Vice Chairman, Central Committee, American Red Cross Clerk, U.S. House Committee on Military Affairs }} Arthur Murray (April 29, 1851 – May 12, 1925) was a major general in the United States Army. He was notable for his service as Chief of Artillery, Chief of the Coast Artillery Corps and commander of the Army's Western Department. Early life and start of careerMurray was born in Bowling Green, Missouri on April 29, 1851.[1] He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1874, and was ranked second in his class.[2] He served initially with the 1st Artillery Regiment in Florida, South Carolina, and Rhode Island, and served in Pennsylvania in the effort to end what became known as the Great Railroad Strike of 1877.[3] In 1880 he graduated first in his class at the Field Artillery School.[4] Early careerHe served at West Point as an instructor in natural and experimental philosophy, and in 1887 was assigned to the Judge Advocate's office for the Department of the Missouri.[5] He later served in the Judge Advocate's office for the Department of Dakota. Murray studied law in his Judge Advocate postings and was admitted to the bar.[6] From 1891 to 1896 Murray commanded Battery L, 1st Artillery at Fort Wadsworth, New York.[7] He then served at Yale University as a professor of military science.[8] Later careerSpanish–American WarDuring the Spanish–American War Murray again served with the 1st Artillery, this time as commander of Battery A.[9] He subsequently served as judge advocate for First Army Corps. After the war he held several positions in Cuba as part of the Army's occupation government.[10] Philippine InsurrectionMurray was promoted to lieutenant colonel in August 1899 and assigned to command the 43rd Infantry Regiment, which he led in the Philippines during the Philippine Insurrection.[11] School of Submarine DefenseFrom 1901 to 1906 Murray commanded the Army's School of Submarine Defense at Fort Totten, New York, which devised and implemented methods of defending harbors from attack by enemy ships, including the employment of underwater mines and torpedoes.[12] During Murray's tenure the school was relocated to Fort Monroe, which was also the home of the Artillery School.[13] Career as general officerIn 1906 Murray was promoted to brigadier general and assigned as Chief of Artillery.[14] In 1908 the Artillery Corps was divided into the Coast Artillery Corps the Field Artillery,[15] and tasked to use long range land-mounted cannons in defense of U.S. harbors.[16] Murray was named the first Chief of Coast Artillery, and he served until 1911.[17] Murray received promotion to major general in 1911,[18] and commanded the Army's Western Department until retiring in 1915.[19] He served as vice chairman of the Central Committee of the American Red Cross from his retirement until his return to uniform for World War I.[20] World War IMurray requested recall to active duty for World War I. He returned to service as a major general in 1917, and again commanded the Western Department.[21] He retired again in December 1918, and received the Army Distinguished Service Medal in recognition of his contributions to the war effort.[22] Post-military careerIn December 1918 Murray was appointed clerk of the U.S. House Committee on Military Affairs.[23] Death and burialMurray died in Washington, D.C. on May 12, 1925.[24] He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, Section 3, Site 1844B.[25] FamilyIn 1880 Murray married Sara Wetmore De Russy, the daughter of Brigadier General René Edward De Russy.[26] Their son Maxwell Murray was a career Army officer who attained the rank of major general.[27][28] Sadie Murray, the daughter of Arthur and Sara Murray, was the wife of Major General Henry Conger Pratt.[29] Their daughter Carolyn was married to Ord Preston, a prominent Washington, D.C. businessman who served as president of the Washington Gas Light Company and the Union Trust Company, and was a major in the Army during World War I.[30][31] Awards
References1. ^{{cite book |last=Herringshaw |first=Thomas William |date=1915 |title=Herringshaw's American Blue Book Of Biography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UUM6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA881&dq=%22murray+arthur%22+%22bowling+green%22+%221851%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjR9YTY05HLAhUI4D4KHXmXAt8Q6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=%22murray%20arthur%22%20%22bowling%20green%22%20%221851%22&f=false |location=Chicago, IL |publisher=American Publishers' Association |page=881}} 2. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Braden |first2=Charles |date=1910 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York |volume=V |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bPpMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA795&lpg=PA795&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22general%22+%22coast+artillery%22&source=bl&ots=dEU7lK26fu&sig=sdN6KviSvLSMB3kdrd0X1UhiGeY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi8mrO5rZHLAhXCLyYKHbz1CtkQ6AEIOTAG#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22&f=false |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |page=213}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Holden |first2=Edward S. |date=1891 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point |volume=III |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BJPeAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA223&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22west+point%22+%22philosophy%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIpIThrpTLAhVEvRoKHajyDMIQ6AEITTAE#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22west%20point%22%20%22philosophy%22&f=false |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Riverside Press |page=223}} 4. ^{{cite book |last=U.S. Army Adjutant General |date=1890 |title=U.S. Army Register |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nM8cAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA393&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%221880%22+%22first%22+%22class%22+%22artillery+school%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiA5e6C1ZHLAhUKej4KHXgPAUMQ6AEINDAA#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%221880%22%20%22first%22%20%22class%22%20%22artillery%20school%22&f=false |location=Washington, DC |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=393}} 5. ^Cullum, Holden, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BJPeAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA223&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22west+point%22+%22philosophy%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIpIThrpTLAhVEvRoKHajyDMIQ6AEITTAE#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22west%20point%22%20%22philosophy%22&f=false Biographical Register], Vol. III, p. 223. 6. ^{{cite news |date=September 29, 1906 |title=News Notes from the Nation's Capital: Changes Among High Officers of Army will be Made Monday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/71174441/ |newspaper=Palestine Daily Herald |location=Palestine, TX |page=2 |subscription=yes}} 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Holden |first2=Edward S. |date=1901 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy |volume=IV |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=siW5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA241&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22battery+l%22+%22artillery%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiP7NHv3pHLAhXKND4KHUOQAEUQ6AEIRjAD#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22battery%20l%22%20%22artillery%22&f=false |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Riverside Press |page=241}} 8. ^{{cite book |last=Yale University |date=1896 |title=Catalogue of the Officers and Graduates of Yale University |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4i0XAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22yale%22+%22professor%22+%22military+science%22&source=bl&ots=mw0lggvJGv&sig=jnYWJtxi2a4YRM78p58gINVhB98&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiL64yG3pHLAhUBFz4KHYrjA1sQ6AEIKTAC#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22yale%22%20%22professor%22%20%22military%20science%22&f=false |location=New Haven, CT |publisher=Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor Press|page=39}} 9. ^{{cite journal |last=Jenks |first=J. E. |date=March 11, 1911 |title=The New General Officers of the Army |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pFE-AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA8-PA1&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22cuba%22+%22battery+a%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiblpe8nZTLAhUMSRoKHTZ-BEUQ6AEINDAA#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22cuba%22%20%22battery%20a%22&f=false |journal=Army-Navy Register |location=Washington, DC |publisher=rmy and Navy Publishing Company |page=1}} 10. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Holden |first2=Edward S. |date=1901 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point |volume=IV |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=siW5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA241&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22cuba%22+%22judge+advocate%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwil3p6vnJTLAhXL1RoKHT49AAoQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22cuba%22%20%22judge%20advocate%22&f=false |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Riverside Press |page=241}} 11. ^Cullum, Braden, [https://books.google.com/books?id=bPpMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA795&lpg=PA795&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22general%22+%22coast+artillery%22&source=bl&ots=dEU7lK26fu&sig=sdN6KviSvLSMB3kdrd0X1UhiGeY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi8mrO5rZHLAhXCLyYKHbz1CtkQ6AEIOTAG#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22&f=false Biographical Register], Vol. V, p. 213 12. ^{{cite book |last=United States Secretary of War |date=1902 |title=Annual Reports of the Secretary of War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AYSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA126&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22school%22+%22fort+totten%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjfkd7SzpPLAhWCGR4KHUQ-AjEQ6AEIPzAC#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22school%22%20%22fort%20totten%22&f=false |location=Washington, DC |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=126}} 13. ^Taylor, Andrews [https://books.google.com/books?id=WAJLCEg6MQ8C&pg=PA2&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22chief%22+%22coast+artillery%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjc2aTrwZPLAhWF_R4KHZLkD4EQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22chief%22%20%22coast%20artillery%22&f=false Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Chiefs of Arms], p. 8 14. ^{{cite book |last1=Taylor |first1=John E. |last2=Andrews |first2=Patricia |date=1962 |title=Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Chiefs of Arms: Record Group 177 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WAJLCEg6MQ8C&pg=PA2&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22chief%22+%22coast+artillery%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjc2aTrwZPLAhWF_R4KHZLkD4EQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22chief%22%20%22coast%20artillery%22&f=false |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Archives and Records Administration |page=2}} 15. ^{{cite book |last=United States Secretary of War |date=1908 |title=Annual Report of the Secretary of War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k3dNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA365&dq=%22coast+artillery+corps%22+%22established%22+%221908%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjIzNGSxJPLAhVMdz4KHcaSCWsQ6AEILTAD#v=onepage&q=%22coast%20artillery%20corps%22%20%22established%22%20%221908%22&f=false |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US Government Printing Office |page=365}} 16. ^{{cite journal |last=Barnes |first=H. C. |date=December 1, 1922 |title=The Mission of the Coast Artillery Corps |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRFLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA479&dq=%22coast+artillery+corps%22+%22mission%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiX4JOtw5PLAhXG2R4KHdAmDw4Q6AEIKTAB#v=onepage&q=%22coast%20artillery%20corps%22%20%22mission%22&f=false |journal=The Coast Artillery Journal |volume=57 |issue=6 |location=Fortress Monroe, VA |publisher=Coast Artillery Training Center |page=479}} 17. ^Taylor, Andrews [https://books.google.com/books?id=WAJLCEg6MQ8C&pg=PA2&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22chief%22+%22coast+artillery%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjc2aTrwZPLAhWF_R4KHZLkD4EQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22chief%22%20%22coast%20artillery%22&f=false Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Chiefs of Arms], p. 2 18. ^{{cite news |date=March 14, 1911 |title=Gen Murray is Promoted |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=266&dat=19110314&id=uvJEAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Q7cMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4686,4387474&hl=en |newspaper=Kentucky New Era |location=Hopkinsville, KY |page=6}} 19. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Holden |first2=Edward Singleton |date=1920 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point |volume= VI-a |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2BjcAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA189&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22command%22+%22western+department%22+%221915%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjhpPrQl5PLAhUIRCYKHTzUBP8Q6AEITzAF#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22command%22%20%22western%20department%22%20%221915%22&f=false |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |page=189}} 20. ^{{cite journal |last=Cunningham |first=Austin |date=January 1, 1916 |title=Editorial Comment: Gen. Murray's Career is Varied and Notable |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a6NFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA33&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22bowling+green%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjLy4r4qpHLAhWQsh4KHQdQCBcQ6AEIPjAC#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22bowling%20green%22&f=false |journal=The Red Cross Magazine |location=Washington, DC |publisher=American Red Cross |page=33}} 21. ^{{cite book |last=Rinaldi |first=Richard A. |date=2004 |title=The US Army in World War I - Orders of Battle - Ground Units, 1917-1919 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vsoh_fBkAtwC&pg=PA209&lpg=PA209&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%221917%22+%221918%22+%22western+department%22&source=bl&ots=2xbGIkKLvj&sig=0_lIhCHCvfoWSTHTUOz0AO3kLo4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs4PH7xpPLAhXLlR4KHYy9Cig4ChDoAQgeMAE#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%221917%22%20%221918%22%20%22western%20department%22&f=false |location=Takoma Park, MD |publisher=General Data LLC |page=209 |isbn=978-0-9720296-4-3}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=17984 |title=Awards and Citations, Arthur Murray |website=Hall of Valor |publisher=Military Times |access-date=February 25, 2016}} 23. ^{{cite journal |last=Jenks |first=J. E. |date=February 8, 1919 |title=In Congress: Gen. Murray, Committee Clerk |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b0s-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA172&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22clerk%22+%22military+affairs%22+%22committee%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjAleO1rJHLAhWG4D4KHbyOBWQQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22clerk%22%20%22military%20affairs%22%20%22committee%22&f=false |journal=Army and Navy Register |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Army and Navy Publishing Co. |page=172}} 24. ^{{cite news |date=May 12, 1925 |title=General Murray Dies at Capital |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/95462613/ |newspaper=Oakland Tribune |location=Oakland, CA |page=1 |subscription=yes}} 25. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ancestry.com/ |title=U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962, entry for Arthur Murray |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com LLC |location=Provo, UT |access-date=February 25, 2016}} 26. ^{{cite book |last=Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy |date=1912 |title=Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Reunion of the Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OII7AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA164-IA194&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22sara%22+%22derussy%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHq_Lh9pLLAhUBdCYKHc_-CZ8Q6AEINjAA#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22sara%22%20%22derussy%22&f=false |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |pages=152–153}} 27. ^{{cite book |last1=Cullum |first1=George W. |last2=Braden |first2=Charles |date=1910 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S Military Academy at West Point, New York |volume=V |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YP1AAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA795&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22derussy%22+%22maxwell%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwji-J_V95LLAhUI8j4KHTOGD-IQ6AEIRTAD#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22derussy%22%20%22maxwell%22&f=false |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |page=795}} 28. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/maxwell-murray.htm |title=Maxwell Murray, Major General, United States Army |website=Arlington Cemetery.net |publisher=Michael Robert Patterson |access-date=February 25, 2016}} 29. ^{{cite web |url=http://apps.westpointaog.org/Memorials/Article/4271/ |title=Memorial, Henry C. Pratt (1904) |website=Memorials, West Point Association of Graduates |publisher=West Point Association of Graduates |access-date=February 25, 2016}} 30. ^{{cite journal |last=Chapple |first=Joe Mitchell |date=January 1, 1913 |title=Affairs at Washington: Miss Carolyn Murray |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VnBYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA651&lpg=PA651&dq=%22arthur+murray%22+%22carolyn%22+%22ord+preston%22&source=bl&ots=IROEEuX4Na&sig=HtvcDqE_XKpsvTlff_l3hyiw5IU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj8of38kZPLAhXHyyYKHUOTDZkQ6AEIKDAC#v=onepage&q=%22arthur%20murray%22%20%22carolyn%22%20%22ord%20preston%22&f=false |journal=National Magazine |location=Boston, MA |publisher=Chapple Publishing Company, Limited |page=651}} 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/opreston.htm |title=Ord Preston, Major, United States Army |website=Arlington Cemetery.net |publisher=Michael Robert Patterson |access-date=February 25, 2016}} External links
11 : 1851 births|1925 deaths|United States Army generals|United States Military Academy alumni|American military personnel of the Spanish–American War|American military personnel of the Philippine–American War|American military personnel of World War I|Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (United States)|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery|United States Army Coast Artillery Corps|People from Bowling Green, Missouri |
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