| 词条 | Warlock (band) |
| 释义 |
| name = Warlock | image = Warlock-1986.jpg | caption = Warlock in 1986 | landscape = yes | background = group_or_band | origin = Düsseldorf, Germany | genre = Heavy metal Speed metal Power metal| | years_active = 1982–1989 | label = Mausoleum, Vertigo | associated_acts = Snakebite, Beast, Doro, Rage, U.D.O., Energy, Coracko, Casanova | website = Doro Pesch Web Site | current_members = | past_members = Doro Pesch Peter Szigeti Rudy Graf Thomas Studier Michael Eurich Frank Rittel Niko Arvanitis Tommy Bolan Tommy Henriksen Bobby Rondinelli Jon Levin }} Warlock were a German heavy metal band, founded in 1982 with members of the underground bands Snakebite and Beast. The band gained popularity and some commercial success in Europe in the mid-1980s, due also to the personality and stage presence of lead vocalist Doro Pesch. Warlock supported on tour successful heavy metal bands, such as W.A.S.P., Judas Priest, Dio and Megadeth. By the end of the decade, Doro Pesch was the sole original member who remained in the band and she was forced to change the name to Doro for legal reasons. Doro, the band, continues to play several songs taken from the Warlock repertoire in their live shows. The band has reunited for festival appearances and special occasions since 2003, under the name Warlock 1986. HistoryFormation and first contractThe first nucleus of the band was formed under the name Snakebite in Düsseldorf, West Germany in 1980,[1] and was composed of Doro Pesch on vocals, Michael Bastian on guitar, Frank Rittel on bass and Thomas Franke on drums, the latter coming from the band Stallion.[2] Franke was soon replaced by Michael Eurich and, just before disbanding, Snakebite acquired the left-handed Peter Szigeti as second guitarist from Beast. Snakebite and Beast were two of the many bands playing in the local clubs and bars and recording cheap demos to promote their music.[2] Pesch, Szigeti and Eurich did try-outs with other groups, but in October 1982 went on to form a new band with Thomas Studier on bass and guitarist Rudy Graf, who came up with the name Warlock and a bucket full of songs. The new band found a manager in Peter Zimmermann, who arranged gigs in support of German hard rockers Trance, contributing to build a solid reputation for Warlock in the local underground metal scene.[2] After recording a four-track demo and sending it to several record labels and music magazines,[3] the band obtained a contract with the Belgian independent label Mausoleum Records. Frank Rittel joined Warlock on bass before they started recording their debut album Burning the Witches in 1984,[2] with producer Axel Thubeauville, a talent scout of German heavy metal groups.[3][4] Burning the Witches was recorded in only six days and remixed by Rainer Assmann and Henry Staroste before publication.[2] The album was well received by critics[5][6] and fans[2] and Warlock toured for the first time outside of Germany to launch their first release,[2][7] often alongside their label mates Steeler.[8] Unfortunately, bad distribution and poor financing for the tour from the record label crippled the commercial potential of the album, leaving the band profoundly dissatisfied with Mausoleum.[2][9] Hellbound and True as SteelIn early 1985, the band signed a contract with the major label Phonogram and recorded their second album Hellbound, produced by Henry Staroste and released in May 1985 on Vertigo Records in Europe. The band started to receive attention from the media and appeared in TV shows in the UK[10] and Germany.[11] Their first full European tour brought them to Camden Palace Theater in London, where the concert was filmed for Warlock's first video release Metal Racer.[12] Warlock's live performance was welcomed with a rave review by the British magazine Kerrang![13] and the group was elected 'Best New Band' of 1985 in the Readers' Poll of that magazine.[14] Doro Pesch was also elected Best Female Singer by the readers of the music magazine Metal Forces at the end of 1984.[8] The band played at the Metal Hammer Festival at Loreley, Germany in September, alongside Metallica, Venom, Running Wild, Pretty Maids, Nazareth and Wishbone Ash.[15] Later that year, after the tour for Hellbound, guitarist Rudy Graf left the band and was replaced by Niko Arvanitis,[16] a former band mate of Rittel in Stormwind.[2][17] This updated line-up recorded the album True as Steel in May–June 1986, produced again by Henry Staroste and mixed in the US by Michael Wagener.[18] The album received mixed reviews,[16] but was Warlock's highest-charting in Germany, climbing up to No. 18,[19] and got a fair amount of radio airplay in the US, due to the single "Fight for Rock". The band's first music video was made for that song and appeared on MTV.[20][21] On 16 August 1986, Doro Pesch was the first woman to front a band at the Monsters of Rock festival at Castle Donington, England, where Warlock played on the same stage of Motörhead, Def Leppard, Ozzy Osbourne and Scorpions.[22] Warlock opened also the Monsters of Rock festival at the Maimarktgegelände Eisstadion in Mannheim, West Germany, with a roster similar to the British show and the addition of McAuley Schenker Group and Bon Jovi.[23] 1986 and 1987 were spent on a tour which included UK dates supporting W.A.S.P.,[24] and European dates supporting metal superstars Judas Priest, during their 'Fuel for Life' tour.[16] International breakthrough and change of nameAfter the tour for True as Steel, Pesch spent time in the US with new manager Alex Grob to promote the band and arrange tours and recordings in America.[25] At the same time, Szigeti and Rittel decided to leave the band, apparently unwilling to face the commitment that a transfer to the United States would involve.[26] They were promptly replaced by the American musicians Tommy Bolan (formerly of Armed Forces), and Tommy Henriksen.[21][25] With the new line-up, Warlock recorded in the US their fourth and last studio album, Triumph and Agony, produced by Joey Balin in 1987. Triumph and Agony was Warlock's best-selling album, going Gold in Germany[27] and reaching number 80 in the Billboard 200 US album chart.[28] The videos for the singles "All We Are"[29] and "Für Immer",[30] shot respectively in the Los Angeles river basin and in the swamps of Baton Rouge,[31] were on rotation on MTV's heavy metal program Headbangers' Ball.[21] Warlock toured Europe as support band for Dio[32] and, after that, proceeded to make their first and sole extensive US tour, opening for Megadeth alongside Sanctuary.[12] They played also several shows on their own with different opening acts, such as Fates Warning, Sword and Lillian Axe.[33] Eurich and Arvanitis quit after the tour and were replaced by Bobby Rondinelli (formerly of Rainbow) and guitarist Jon Levin (sometimes mislabeled as Jon Devin).[34] At the end of 1988, Doro Pesch remained the only original member and the only German still in the band. At this time, Peter Zimmermann, the band's ex-manager, sued for rights to the band name and merchandise, and won.[21][35] Pesch continued to fight for the name, but conceded with record label requests to rename the band DORO in order to continue her career;[35] the first edition of the LP Force Majeure, recorded with the final formation of Warlock, was the last one to expose a sticker with the name of the band next to DORO, with the exception of the compilation Rare Diamonds of 1991. Pesch eventually regained the rights to the name Warlock in 2011, after years of legal battles.[36] DORO is an active band and still performs Warlock songs in their live shows. Other activitiesAfter his departure from Warlock, Rudy Graf joined the German speed metal band Rage in 1986 and recorded with them the album Execution Guaranteed.[37] Today he's working as a studio musician and songwriter. Frank Rittel, Peter Szigeti and former Snakebite drummer Thomas Franke played in 1987 on Animal House, the first solo album by the former Accept singer Udo Dirkschneider.[38] Rittel and Szigeti formed in the 1990s the melodic metal bands Energy[39] and Coracko,[40] without much success. Michael Eurich formed the band Casanova with singer Michael Voss, which was active at end of the 80s.[41] Doro Pesch reunited with Szigeti, Arvanitis, Rittel and Eurich to perform as Warlock at her 20th Anniversary celebration concert in Düsseldorf on 13 December 2003 and later at Wacken Open Air festival 2004.[42] More legal troubles over using the name Warlock ensued with former member Rudy Graf and appearances of the reunited band at festivals and special concerts were billed as "Warlock 1986".[43] Frank Rittel quit playing bass and retired from the music business in 2004.[36] Arvanitis and Szigeti played together in late April 2005 at the 'Rock Classic Allstars' show in Bochum, Germany, with Martin Kesici, Axel Rudi Pell, Kai Hoffmann, Jeff Brown (ex-Sweet) and German soccer star Holger Aden.[44] In December 2008, Pure Steel Records released the first official tribute album to Warlock, titled Tribute to Steel, with the special appearance of the band members.[45] Music and styleWarlock were one of the few successful female-fronted heavy metal bands in the circuit during the 80s, when the scene was dominated by macho singers.[16][46] Doro Pesch's voice and stage presence caught immediately the attention of fans and press and she became the principal mean of promotion for the band, as well as the main spokesperson for Warlock.[16] Warlock's music is always primarily described as heavy metal,[47] and the band cite as main influences 1970s metal acts such as Judas Priest, Scorpions, Accept,[48] and groups from the new wave of British heavy metal movement.[16] Warlock's sound and songwriting evolved from the traditional heavy metal of their debut album Burning the Witches to the faster and darker Hellbound, which incorporates elements of power metal, such as fast tempos, powerful choruses and fantasy-inspired lyrics. True as Steel is a more commercial album, where any reference to fantasy and the occult in the lyrics was abandoned.[16][21] Triumph and Agony recovers elements of the first albums, but veers also towards a melodic and FM radio-friendly sound, influenced by the US production. Other bands that had a similar sound include Keel, the late 80s' Judas Priest and Lizzy Borden. Power ballads were also characteristic of Warlock and are present in the track listings of every album.[5]Discography{{Mainlist|Doro discography}}
Line-ups1982–1983
1983–1985
1985–1987
1987–1988
1988–1989
Timeline{{#tag:timeline|ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = left:90 bottom:60 top:0 right:15 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1982 till:03/01/1989 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom ScaleMajor = increment:2 start:1982 ScaleMinor = increment:1 start:1982 Colors = id:vocals value:red legend:Vocals id:guitar value:green legend:Guitars id:drums value:orange legend:Drums id:bass value:blue legend:Bass id:studio value:black legend:Studio_albums id:bars value:gray(0.9) BackgroundColors = bars:bars LineData = layer:back color:studio at:03/01/1984 at:05/29/1985 at:08/18/1986 at:09/05/1987 BarData = bar:Doro text:"Doro Pesch" bar:Peter text:"Peter Szigeti" bar:Rudy text:"Rudy Graf" bar:Niko text:"Niko Arvanitis" bar:Tommy1 text:"Tommy Bolan" bar:Jon text:"Jon Levin" bar:Thomas text:"Thomas Studier" bar:Frank text:"Frank Rittel" bar:Tommy2 text:"Tommy Henriksen" bar:Michael text:"Michael Eurich" bar:Bobby text:"Bobby Rondinelli" PlotData= width:11 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4) bar:Doro from:01/01/1982 till:end color:vocals bar:Peter from:01/01/1982 till:02/02/1987 color:guitar bar:Rudy from:01/01/1982 till:09/01/1985 color:guitar bar:Niko from:09/01/1985 till:02/01/1988 color:guitar bar:Tommy1 from:02/01/1987 till:02/01/1988 color:guitar bar:Jon from:02/01/1988 till:end color:guitar bar:Thomas from:01/01/1982 till:06/01/1983 color:bass bar:Frank from:06/01/1983 till:02/02/1987 color:bass bar:Tommy2 from:02/02/1987 till:end color:bass bar:Michael from:01/01/1982 till:02/01/1988 color:drums bar:Bobby from:02/01/1988 till:end color:drums }} References1. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.hardharderheavy.de/band_biografie/bands_doro.shtml | title = Band: Doro | accessdate = 17 July 2012 | date = 2 September 2007 | publisher = HardHarderHeavy.de | language = German}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite journal | title = Warlock: the story so far | journal = International Warlock Fan Club Info Magazine | year = 1984 | issue = 1| id = | url = http://demolishmag.wordpress.com/2010/05/24/warlock-the-story-so-far-1984/ | accessdate = 10 February 2014}} 3. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.metalkings.com/reviews/axel-thubeauville/axel-thubeauville-eng.htm | title = Interviews: Axel Thubeauville | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | date = December 2002 | publisher = MetalKings.com}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.music-avenue.net/mausoleum/story03.php |title=Mausoleum: The story behind the legendary heavy metal label. Part I (1982-1986) |last=Falckenbach |first=Alfie |publisher=Music-Avenue.net |date=March 2002 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110117072645/http://www.music-avenue.net/mausoleum/story03.php |archivedate=17 January 2011 |accessdate=22 March 2015 }} 5. ^1 {{cite book | last1 = Suter | first1 = Paul | title = Kerrang! | chapter = Warlock 'Burning the Witches' | volume = 65 | publisher = Spotlight Publications Ltd. | date = 5 April 1984 | location = London, UK | pages = 14}} 6. ^{{cite journal | title = Warlock - Burning the Witches | journal = Metal Forces | year = 1984 | first = Bernard | last = Doe | issue = 3| id = | url = http://www.metalforcesmagazine.com/site/album-review-warlock-burning-the-witches/ | accessdate = 29 June 2012}} 7. ^{{cite book | last1 = Crook | first1 = Darren | title = Kerrang! | chapter = Earthquake Festival '84 | volume = 67 | publisher = Spotlight Publications Ltd. | date = 3 May 1984 | location = London, UK | pages = 41}} 8. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Warlock interview |journal=Metal Forces |year=1985 |first=Dave |last=Reynolds |issue=14 |accessdate=29 August 2012 |url=http://www.dororocks.com/Forces.htm |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030411022951/http://www.dororocks.com/Forces.htm |archivedate=11 April 2003 }} 9. ^{{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Derek | title = Kerrang! | chapter = Witch Queen | volume = 98 | publisher = Morgan Grampian | date = 11 July 1985 | location = London, UK}} 10. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rOGUWaeAraQ | title = Warlock - Live ECT 1985 | accessdate = 9 July 2012 | date = 2 August 2007 | publisher = YouTube}} 11. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFKA2J0rjC8 | title = Warlock - Out of control ( rare german tv footage ) - 1980s | accessdate = 9 July 2012 | date = 3 September 2010 | publisher = YouTube}} 12. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.doroclan.de/DoroPesch/Neu/seite03usp.htm | title = Doro Pesch Biography | accessdate = 30 June 2012 | last = Cannella | first = Tony | publisher = Doro Official Website | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6AaL5cSPZ?url=http://www.doroclan.de/DoroPesch/Neu/seite03usp.htm | archivedate = 10 September 2012 | df = dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Derek | title = Kerrang! | chapter = Sizzling! | volume = 105 | publisher = Morgan Grampian | date = 17 October 1985 | location = London, UK | pages = 50}} 14. ^{{cite book | last1 = Dome | first1 = Malcolm | authorlink1 = Malcolm Dome |title = Mega Metal Kerrang! | chapter = Warlock | volume = 1 | publisher = Spotlight Publications Ltd | year = 1986 | location = London, UK | pages = 2}} 15. ^{{cite web | url = http://www1.sk-static.com/images/media/img/col6/20100813-023318-518437.jpg | title = Metal Hammer Festival 1985 | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | format = JPG | publisher = Songkick.com}} 16. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book | last1 = Simmons | first1 = Sylvie | authorlink1=Sylvie Simmons|title = Mega Metal Kerrang! | chapter = 'Lock Jaw | volume = 4 | publisher = Spotlight Publications Ltd | year = 1986 | location = London, UK | pages = 8–11}} 17. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/bands/Stormwind/1856 | title = Stormwind | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = Encyclopaedia Metallum}} 18. ^{{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Derek | title = Kerrang! | chapter = Siren of Steel | volume = 126 | publisher = United Magazines ltd. | date = 7 August 1986 | location = London, UK | pages = 52–53}} 19. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.officialcharts.de/suche.asp?search=warlock&x=6&y=7&country=de | title = Suche nach "warlock" | accessdate = 27 June 2012 | work = Charts.de | publisher = Media Control Charts | language = German}} 20. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilFX-JJXYAQ | title = Warlock - Fight for Rock | accessdate = 1 July 2012 | date = 14 January 2010 | publisher = YouTube}} 21. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite AV media notes |title=True as Steel |titlelink=True as Steel (album) |others=Warlock |year=2011 | page=2 |type=CD Booklet |publisher=Metal Mind Productions MASS CD 1417 DG | location=Katowice, Poland |ref= }} 22. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ukrockfestivals.com/donington-1986.html | title = Monsters of Rock. Castle Donington 1986 | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | date = January 2012 | publisher = UK Rock Festivals.com}} 23. ^{{cite web | url = http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v365/InsideAceJr/DL2/mor.jpg | title = Monsters of Rock 1986 | accessdate = 21 January 2013 | format = JPG | publisher = TurnToDust86}} 24. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.musicmight.com/artist/united+states/california/los+angeles/w+a+s+p+ | title = W.A.S.P. | accessdate = 2 July 2012 | last = Sharpe-Young | first = Garry | year = 2009 | publisher = MusicMight | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121001084812/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/united+states/california/los+angeles/w+a+s+p+ | archivedate = 1 October 2012 | df = dmy-all }} 25. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Warlock - I Do It My Way |journal=Metal Hammer |date=November 1987 |url=http://www.dororocks.com/Myway.htm |accessdate=29 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021230194542/http://www.dororocks.com/Myway.htm |archivedate=30 December 2002 }} 26. ^{{cite AV media | people = | year =1987 | title =Warlock 1987 Interview | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7JELAz1Fyo | format = | medium =Television production | publisher =BSkyB | location =UK | accessdate =9 July 2012 | time =0:30}} 27. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/#topSearch | title = Gold-/Platin-Datenbank: search for Warlock | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = IFPI.de | language = German}} 28. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.allmusic.com/artist/warlock-mn0000234355/awards | title = Warlock Billboard Albums | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | work = Allmusic | publisher = Rovi Corporation}} 29. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4KPpyW2q5c | title = Warlock - All We Are | accessdate = 1 July 2012 | date = 17 October 2009 | publisher = YouTube}} 30. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm3_L5ST77c | title = Warlock - Für Immer | accessdate = 1 July 2012 | date = 1 April 2012 | publisher = YouTube}} 31. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.rocktimes.de/gesamt/d/doro/interview06.html | title = Wir haben im Paradies gelebt, und haben es nicht gemerkt | accessdate = 3 September 2012 | last = Gröbbels | first = Udo | date = 7 November 2006 | publisher = Rocktimes.de | language = German}} 32. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.dio.net/tour/dream_evil.html | title = Dio: Dream Evil tour dates | accessdate = 30 June 2012 | publisher = Dio.net}} 33. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.chmetal.info/bootlegs/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1161&Itemid= | title = Warlock Tour Dates 1988 | accessdate = 30 June 2012 | publisher = CHMetal.info}} 34. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.dokkencentral.com/bio/jon-levin | title = Jon Levin | accessdate = 1 August 2012 | work = Dokken Central.com | publisher = Dokken}} 35. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.the-plague.net/doro.htm |title=Doro interview |accessdate=1 July 2012 |last=Hinds |first=Daniel |year=2001 |publisher=The Plague.net |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030817151106/http://www.the-plague.net/doro.htm |archivedate=17 August 2003 |df=dmy-all }} 36. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.bravewords.com/features/1001054 | title = Doro Pesch Says She's Acquired Rights To Warlock Name | accessdate = 29 June 2012 | last = Lafon | first = Mitch | date = 28 September 2001 | work = Bravewords.com | publisher = Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles}} 37. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Rage/Execution_Guaranteed/2470 | title = Rage - Execution Guaranteed | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = Encyclopaedia Metallum}} 38. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/U.D.O./Animal_House/1805 | title = U.D.O. - Animal House | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = Encyclopaedia Metallum}} 39. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/bands/Energy/84101 | title = Energy | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = Encyclopaedia Metallum}} 40. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/bands/Coracko/2492 | title = Coracko | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | publisher = Encyclopaedia Metallum}} 41. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.hardharderheavy.de/bands_warlock.shtml | title = Band: Warlock | accessdate = 30 June 2012 | date = 6 May 2005 | publisher = HardHarderHeavy.de | language = German}} 42. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=23797 | title = Doro: Special Guest Stars Announced For Wacken Open Air Appearance | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | date = 18 June 2004 | work = Blabbermouth.net | publisher = Roadrunner Records}} 43. ^{{cite journal | title = Doro Interview | journal = Metal Maidens | date = 2 June 2005 | first = Tony | last = Cannella | id = | url = http://www.dororocks.net/doro_interview_2005.htm | accessdate = 1 July 2012 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140106034324/http://www.dororocks.net/doro_interview_2005.htm | archivedate = 6 January 2014 | df = dmy-all }} 44. ^{{cite web | url = http://blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=34832 | title = Axel Rudi Pell: More Tour Dates Announced | accessdate = 8 July 2012 | date = 30 March 2005 | work = Blabbermouth.net | publisher = Roadrunner Records}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=110268 |title= Warlock Tribute Album 'Tribute To Steel' Available Now | work = Blabbermouth.net | publisher = Roadrunner Records|date=5 December 2008 |accessdate=31 March 2012}} 46. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1233878/bio | title = Biography for Doro Pesch | accessdate = 8 July 2012 | publisher = Internet Movie Database}} 47. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.allmusic.com/artist/warlock-mn0000234355 | title = Warlock Biography | first = Greg | last = Prato | accessdate = 26 June 2012 | work = Allmusic | publisher = Rovi Corporation}} 48. ^{{cite journal | title = Warlock Via Inferno | journal = Metal Attack | date = 22 July 1985 | issue = 23 | pages = 28–31| language = French}} External links
9 : Doro (musician)|German hard rock musical groups|German heavy metal musical groups|Musical groups established in 1982|Musical groups disestablished in 1988|Musical groups from Düsseldorf|Musical quintets|Vertigo Records artists|1982 establishments in Germany |
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