“Ascidian mitochondrial code”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The ascidian mitochondrial code (translation table 13) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Ascidia.

Code

Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), Valine (Val, V)

Differences from the standard code

Systematic range and comments

There is evidence from a phylogenetically diverse sample of tunicates (Urochordata) that AGA and AGG code for glycine. In other organisms, AGA/AGG code for either arginine or serine and in vertebrate mitochondria they code a STOP. Evidence for glycine translation of AGA/AGG has been found in Pyura stolonifera^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Alternative initiation codons

See also

References

1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Durrheim GA, Corfield VA, Harley EH, Ricketts MH | title = Nucleotide sequence of cytochrome oxidase (subunit III) from the mitochondrion of the tunicate Pyura stolonifera: evidence that AGR encodes glycine | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 21 | issue = 15 | pages = 3587–8 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8393993 | pmc = 331473 | doi = 10.1093/nar/21.15.3587| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?name=Halocynthia+roretzi }}
2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Kondow A, Suzuki T, Yokobori S, Ueda T, Watanabe K | title = An extra tRNAGly(U*CU) found in ascidian mitochondria responsible for decoding non-universal codons AGA/AGG as glycine | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 2554–9 | date = June 1999 | pmid = 10352185 | pmc = 148460 | doi = 10.1093/nar/27.12.2554 }}
3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yokobori S, Ueda T, Watanabe K | title = Codons AGA and AGG are read as glycine in ascidian mitochondria | journal = Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume = 36 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–8 | date = January 1993 | pmid = 8381878 | doi = 10.1007/bf02407301 }}
4. ^¹{{cite journal | vauthors = Yokobori S, Watanabe Y, Oshima T | title = Mitochondrial genome of Ciona savignyi (Urochordata, Ascidiacea, Enterogona): comparison of gene arrangement and tRNA genes with Halocynthia roretzi mitochondrial genome | journal = Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume = 57 | issue = 5 | pages = 574–87 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14738316 | doi = 10.1007/s00239-003-2511-9 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?name=Ciona+savignyi }}
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yokobori S, Ueda T, Feldmaier-Fuchs G, Pääbo S, Ueshima R, Kondow A, Nishikawa K, Watanabe K | title = Complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Chordata, Urochordata) | journal = Genetics | volume = 153 | issue = 4 | pages = 1851–62 | date = December 1999 | pmid = 10581290 | pmc = 1460873 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?name=Halocynthia+roretzi }}
6. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Gissi C, Pesole G | title = Transcript mapping and genome annotation of ascidian mtDNA using EST data | journal = Genome Research | volume = 13 | issue = 9 | pages = 2203–12 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12915488 | pmc = 403730 | doi = 10.1101/gr.1227803 }}
7. ^{{cite web | first1 = Andrzej | last1 = Elzanowski | first2 = Jim | last2 = Ostell | first3 = Detlef | last3 = Leipe | first4 = Vladimir | last4 = Soussov | name-list-format = vanc |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html/index.cgi?chapter=tgencodes#thetop |title= The Genetic Codes|access-date=5 June 2016 | work = Taxonomy browser | publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine }}