“Warren Moon”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Harold Warren Moon (born November 18, 1956) is a former American and Canadian football quarterback who played professionally for 23 seasons. He spent the majority of his career with the Houston Oilers of the National Football League (NFL) and the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Moon also played for the Minnesota Vikings, Seattle Seahawks, and Kansas City Chiefs in the NFL.

Moon began his professional career with the Eskimos in 1978, after going unselected in the NFL Draft. His success during his six seasons in the CFL led him to the NFL in 1984 with the Oilers.^[1] Over his 17 NFL seasons, Moon was named to nine Pro Bowls and made seven playoff appearances. Following ten seasons with the Oilers, he had brief multiple-year stints with the Vikings, Seahawks, and Chiefs before retiring at age 44.

At the time of his retirement, Moon held several all-time professional gridiron football passing records. He was less successful in the NFL postseason, never advancing beyond the division round of the playoffs, although he won five Grey Cups in the CFL. Moon was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006, becoming the first African-American quarterback and the first undrafted quarterback to receive the honor.

Early years

Born in Los Angeles, California, Moon was the middle child amongst six sisters. His father, Harold, was a laborer and died of liver disease when Moon was seven years old. His mother, Pat, was a nurse, and Warren learned to cook, sew, iron and housekeep to help take care of the family. He decided early on that he could play only one sport in high school because he had to work the rest of the year to help the family. He chose to play football as a quarterback since he found that he could throw a football longer, harder, and straighter than anyone he knew.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

He enrolled at Alexander Hamilton High School, using the address of one of his mother's friends to gain the advantages of a better academic and athletic reputation than his neighborhood high school could offer. He had little playing time until his junior year, when he took over as varsity starting quarterback. In his senior season in 1973, they reached the city playoffs, and Moon was named to the all-city team.^[2]^[6]

College career

Moon attended two-year West Los Angeles College, and was a record-setting quarterback as a freshman in 1974, but only a handful of four-year colleges showed interest in signing him. Offensive coordinator Dick Scesniak of the University of Washington in Seattle, however, was eager to sign the rifle-armed Moon. Adamant that he play quarterback, Moon considered himself to be perhaps a slightly above-average athlete who lacked either the size, speed, or strength to play other positions.^[8]

Under new head coach Don James, Washington was {{nowrap|11–11}} in Moon's first two seasons as a starter, but as a senior in 1977, he led the Huskies to the Pac-8 title and a {{nowrap|27–20}} upset win in the Rose Bowl over Michigan.^[9]^[10] Moon was named the game's Most Valuable Player on the strength of two short touchdown runs and a third-quarter 28-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Robert "Spider" Gaines.^[11]

College statistics

Professional career

Canadian Football League

Despite his collegiate success, Moon went unselected in the twelve-round NFL Draft. With no takers in the NFL, he turned to the Canadian Football League. Moon signed with the Edmonton Eskimos, where he and Tom Wilkinson shared signal-calling duties and helped lead the Eskimos to a record five consecutive Grey Cup victories in 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982.^[12]

Moon won the offensive Grey Cup Most Valuable Player award in the 1980 and 1982 games, and became the first professional quarterback to pass for 5,000 yards in a season by reaching exactly 5,000 yards in 1982. In his final CFL season of 1983, he threw for a league record 5,648 yards and won the CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award. In his six years in the CFL, Moon amassed 1,369 completions on 2,382 attempts (57.4 completion percentage) for 21,228 yards and 144 touchdown passes. He also led his team to victory in 9 of 10 postseason games. He was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 2001 and the Eskimos' Wall of Honour. In 2006, he was ranked fifth on a list of the greatest 50 CFL players presented by Canadian sports network TSN.

National Football League

Moon's decision to enter the NFL touched off a bidding war for his services, won by the Houston Oilers, led by Hugh Campbell, his head coach for his first five seasons in Edmonton.^[1] Gifford Nielsen—the starting quarterback in 1983—retired after Moon joined the team, stating that Moon becoming the starter was inevitable.^[13] Moon had a difficult adjustment period, but threw for a franchise-record 3,338 yards in his first season in 1984, but Campbell was just {{nowrap|{{winning percentage|8|22|record=y}}}} at the helm and did not finish the 1985 season.^[14] When new head coach Jerry Glanville found ways to best use Moon's strong arm in 1986, the team began having success. In the strike-marred 1987 season, the Oilers posted a {{nowrap|9–6}} record, their first winning season since 1980. In his first postseason game in the NFL, Moon passed for 237 yards and a touchdown in the Oilers' {{nowrap|23–20}} overtime win over the Seattle Seahawks in the wildcard round of the playoffs.

Prior to the 1989 season, Moon signed a five-year, $10-million contract extension, which made him the highest-paid player in the NFL at that time.^[15] In 1990, Moon led the league with 4,689 passing yards. He also led the league in attempts (584), completions (362), and touchdowns (33), and tied Dan Marino's record with nine 300-yard games in a season. That included throwing for 527 yards against Kansas City on December 16, 1990, the second-most passing yards ever in a single game.^[16] The following year, he again led the league in passing yards, with 4,690. At the same time, he joined Marino and Dan Fouts as the only quarterbacks to post back-to-back 4,000-yard seasons. Moon also established new NFL records that season with 655 attempts and 404 completions.

In 1992, Moon played only eleven games due to injuries, but the Oilers still managed to achieve a 10–6 record, including a victory over the Buffalo Bills, in the final game of the season. Two weeks later, the Oilers faced the Bills again in the first round of the AFC playoffs. Aided by Moon's 222 passing yards and four touchdowns in the first half, Houston built up a {{nowrap|28–3}} halftime lead and increased it to {{nowrap|35–3}} when Buffalo quarterback Frank Reich's first pass of the third quarter was intercepted and returned for a touchdown. The Bills stormed back with five unanswered second-half touchdowns to take a {{nowrap|38–35}} lead with time running out in the final period. Moon managed to lead the Oilers on a last-second field goal drive to tie the game at 38 and force overtime, but threw an interception in the extra period that set up Buffalo kicker Steve Christie's game-winning field goal. The Bills' rally from a 32-point deficit^[17] was the largest comeback victory in NFL history and is now known in NFL lore simply as the Comeback. Moon finished the game with 36 completions for 371 yards and four touchdowns, with two interceptions. His 36 completions was an NFL postseason record.

The 1993 season was the Oilers' best with Moon, but was his last with the team. Houston went {{nowrap|12–4}} and won the AFC Central division crown, but lost to Joe Montana and the Kansas City Chiefs {{nowrap|28–20}} in the divisional round of the playoffs.

Moon set a franchise record with Houston for wins with 70, which stood until Steve McNair broke it in 2004, long after the team had become the Tennessee Titans. He also left the Oilers as the franchise leader in passing touchdowns, passing yards, pass attempts, and pass completions, all of which still stand today.

Moon was traded to the Minnesota Vikings after the season, where he passed for over 4,200 yards in each of his first two seasons, but missed half of the 1996 season with a broken collarbone. The Vikings' starting quarterback job was given to Brad Johnson and Moon was released after he refused to take a $3.8-million pay cut to serve as Johnson's backup.^[18] Moon then signed with the Seattle Seahawks as a free agent, made the Pro Bowl, and was named Pro Bowl MVP. After a two-year stint in the Pacific Northwest, an aging Moon signed as a free agent with the Kansas City Chiefs as a backup in 1999.^[19] He played in only three games in two years with the Chiefs and announced his retirement at age 44 in January 2001. His 291st (308th, including postseason play) and final touchdown pass was an 8-yard pass to Troy Drayton against the Rams on October 22, 2000, a game in which the Chiefs defeated the defending champs, 54-34.^[20]

Combining his NFL and CFL stats, Moon's numbers are nearly unmatched in professional football annals: 5,357 completions in 9,205 attempts for 70,553 yards and 435 touchdowns. Even if his Canadian Football League statistics are discounted, Moon's NFL career numbers are still exceptional: 3,988 completions for 49,325 yards, 291 touchdown passes, 1,736 yards rushing, and 22 rushing touchdowns.^[21] Warren Moon also held individual NFL lifetime records for most fumbles recovered (56) and most fumbles made (162), but this was surpassed by Brett Favre in 2010.^[22] Moon was in the top five all-time when he retired for passing yards, passing touchdowns, pass attempts, and pass completions.^[23]

Moon was named to 9 Pro Bowl games (1988–1995, 1997). He works as a broadcaster for the Seattle Seahawks on both TV and radio. On radio, he is a play-by-play announcer with former Seattle Seahawks receiver Steve Raible. He was elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006, becoming both the first Canadian Football Hall of Fame player, first undrafted quarterback, and first African-American quarterback honored; he was elected in his first year of eligibility. The Tennessee Titans retired his number at halftime on October 1, 2006 vs the Dallas Cowboys.^[24] Moon won his first Super Bowl ring in 2014 as a broadcaster for the Seattle Seahawks.^[25]^[26]

Moon has mentored Cam Newton, the first overall pick of the 2011 NFL Draft, alluding to their common experiences as prominent African-American quarterbacks.^[27]^[28]^[29] He was suspended indefinitely from his sportscaster position after he was sued, in December 2017, for sexual harassment.^[30]

Statistics

CFL statistics

NFL statistics

Franchise records

Warren Moon remains statistically one of the best players ever for the Oilers/Titans franchise. {{As of|2017}}'s NFL off-season, Moon still held at least 37 Titans franchise records, including:

Awards

Personal life

Moon married Felicia Hendricks, whom he had known since they were 16 years old, in 1981. In 1994, a former Vikings cheerleader accused Moon of sexually harassing her and the case was settled out of court.^[34] In 1995, Moon was arrested after an incident with his wife at their home.^[35] Moon was acquitted after his wife testified that she initiated violence and that he was trying to restrain her.^[36] They divorced in 2001.^[37] They have four children together, including a daughter, Blair, who was a member of Tulane's women's volleyball team. Moon has been married to Mandy Ritter since 2005.

Moon appeared in the film Any Given Sunday in a cameo role as a head coach from New York.

In 2007, Moon was arrested for suspicion of DUI in Kirkland, a suburb of Seattle. The charges were reduced to first-degree negligent driving after Moon registered breath-alcohol levels below 0.07 at the police station. Moon pleaded guilty to the negligent driving charge, and was sentenced to 40 hours of community service.^[38]

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZZIyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7u4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=1646%2C2529872 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |title=Moon and Oilers agree to terms |date=February 5, 1984 |page=D4}}
2. ^¹{{cite journal |year=2006 |title=Warren Moon |journal=Contemporary Black Biography |publisher=The Gale Group, Inc |url=http://www.answers.com/topic/warren-moon |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
3. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jul/30/sports/sp-plaschke30 |title=Moon Made His Position Clear From Start |last=Plaschke |first=Bill |date=July 30, 2006 |work=Los Angeles Times |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
4. ^{{cite news |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20060730&slug=moon30 |title=The man that is Moon |last=Bishop |first=Greg |date=July 30, 2006 |work=The Seattle Times |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
5. ^{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE1D91239F932A15753C1A966958260 |title=Moon: He Wears No. 1, And He's Playing Like It |last=George |first=Thomas |date=October 21, 1990 |work=The New York Times |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
6. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://sports.jrank.org/pages/3310/Moon-Warren.html |title=Warren Moon Biography |publisher=sports.jrank.org |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.profootballhof.com/history/release.jsp?release_id=2179 |title=Warren Moon's enshrinement speech transcript |date=August 5, 2006 |publisher=Pro Football Hall of Fame |accessdate=February 16, 2009}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nflcflfutures.com/NFLCFLFuturesNews03/0911.html |title=How Warren Moon Improved His Athleticism In High School |accessdate=January 19, 2007}}
9. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=n_YjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zu0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6878%2C1125708 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington)|last=Missildine |first=Harry |title=Jackson rescues Washington |date=January 3, 1978 |page=19}}
10. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=q8YUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6OEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6858%2C593481 |work=Eugene Register-Guard |location=(Oregon) |agency=Associated Press |title=Huskies go from rags to roses |date=January 3, 1978 |page=1C}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Vw0qAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hCkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6612%2C1172041 |work=Milwaukee Journal |last=Dodds |first=Tracy |title=Bo's rare gamble backfires in Rose Bowl |date=January 3, 1978 |page=8, part 2}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.cfl.ca/index.php?module=page&id=62 |title=CFL Legends >> Warren Moon |accessdate=January 22, 2007}}
13. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1984/05/15/Quarterback-Gifford-Nielsen-a-six-year-veteran-with-the-Houston/8506453441600/ |title=Quarterback Gifford Nielsen, a six-year veteran with the Houston... |last=Blackburn |first=Jess |date=May 15, 1984 |work=UPI |access-date=September 17, 2018 |agency=UPI |language=en}}
14. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eccSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v_kDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6581%2C1629843 |work=Spokane Chronicle |location=(Washington)|agency=Associated Press |title=Oilers fire Campbell as |date=December 9, 1985 |page=C1}}
15. ^{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE2D6113AF93BA35757C0A96F948260 |title=Moon Says New Pact Is Richest in N.F.L. |accessdate=January 19, 2007 |publisher=New York Times |date=April 8, 1989}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nfl.com/history/randf/records/indiv/passing |title=Individual Records: Passing |work=NFL Records |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513031657/http://www.nfl.com/history/randf/records/indiv/passing |archivedate=May 13, 2008 |df= }}
17. ^{{cite news |title=Bills and Eagles Turn Mountains Into Molehill; Buffalo Erases 32-Point Deficit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/04/sports/pro-football-bills-eagles-turn-mountains-into-molehill-buffalo-erases-32-point.html |newspaper=New York Times |date=January 4, 1993 |accessdate=July 12, 2016}}
18. ^{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C07EEDD103EF931A15751C0A961958260&sec=&spon= |title=Vikings Release Moon |accessdate=January 19, 2007 |work=The New York Times |date=February 22, 1997}}
19. ^{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9507E3D9153DF934A15757C0A96F958260&sec=&spon= |title=Moon Joins Chiefs |accessdate=January 19, 2007 |work=The New York Times |date=April 27, 1999}}
20. ^https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/200010220kan.htm
21. ^{{cite web |title=Passing Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/pass_yds_single_season.htm}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nfl.com/history/randf/records/indiv/fumbles |title=History |publisher=Nfl.com |date= |accessdate=October 18, 2010}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/ |title=Football records and Leaderboards}}
24. ^{{cite web |title=Retired Jersey Numbers |url=http://www.titansonline.com/team/history/retired_jersey_numbers.html |website=Tennessee Titans Official Website |accessdate=January 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708233315/http://www.titansonline.com/team/history/retired_jersey_numbers.html |archive-date=July 8, 2017 |dead-url=yes }}
25. ^https://www.facebook.com/HWarrenMoon1/photos/pb.130853760294587.-2207520000.1415605023./764730766906880/?type=3&theater
26. ^{{cite web |title=Warren Moon on Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/wmoon1/status/493970689062215681 |website=Twitter |accessdate=January 27, 2017 |language=en}}
27. ^https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2012/10/24/cam-newton-warren-moon-race-black-quarterback-carolina-panthers/1655143/
28. ^http://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/14559236/carolina-panthers-quarterback-cam-newton-unlike-qb-nfl
29. ^http://www.foxsports.com/nfl/story/cam-newton-race-carolina-panthers-quarterback-super-bowl-50-020116
30. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/seahawks/seahawks-broadcaster-and-former-husky-star-warren-moon-sued-for-sexual-harassment/ |title=Seahawks broadcaster and former Husky star Warren Moon sued for alleged sexual harassment |accessdate=December 6, 2017}}
31. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite web |title=Titans Career Passing Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=combined&year_min=1920&year_max=2017&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=0&team_id=oti&pos%5B%5D=qb&pos%5B%5D=rb&pos%5B%5D=wr&pos%5B%5D=te&pos%5B%5D=dt&pos%5B%5D=de&pos%5B%5D=dl&pos%5B%5D=ilb&pos%5B%5D=olb&pos%5B%5D=lb&pos%5B%5D=cb&pos%5B%5D=s&pos%5B%5D=db&pos%5B%5D=k&pos=p&c1stat=pass_att&c1comp=gt&c1val=500&c2stat=choose&c2comp=gt&c3stat=choose&c3comp=gt&c4stat=choose&c4comp=gt&c5comp=choose&c5gtlt=lt&c6mult=1.0&c6comp=choose&order_by=pass_td&draft=0&draft_year_min=1936&draft_year_max=2017 |website=pro-football-reference.com}}
32. ^¹²³{{cite web |title=Oilers/Titans Rookie Passing Records |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=single&year_min=1920&year_max=2018&season_start=1&season_end=1&team_id=oti&pos%5B%5D=qb&pos%5B%5D=rb&pos%5B%5D=wr&pos%5B%5D=te&pos%5B%5D=e&pos%5B%5D=t&pos%5B%5D=g&pos%5B%5D=c&pos%5B%5D=ol&pos%5B%5D=dt&pos%5B%5D=de&pos%5B%5D=dl&pos%5B%5D=ilb&pos%5B%5D=olb&pos%5B%5D=lb&pos%5B%5D=cb&pos%5B%5D=s&pos%5B%5D=db&pos%5B%5D=k&pos%5B%5D=p&draft_year_min=1936&draft_year_max=2018&draft_slot_min=1&draft_slot_max=500&draft_pick_in_round=pick_overall&conference=any&draft_pos%5B%5D=qb&draft_pos%5B%5D=rb&draft_pos%5B%5D=wr&draft_pos%5B%5D=te&draft_pos%5B%5D=e&draft_pos%5B%5D=t&draft_pos%5B%5D=g&draft_pos%5B%5D=c&draft_pos%5B%5D=ol&draft_pos%5B%5D=dt&draft_pos%5B%5D=de&draft_pos%5B%5D=dl&draft_pos%5B%5D=ilb&draft_pos%5B%5D=olb&draft_pos%5B%5D=lb&draft_pos%5B%5D=cb&draft_pos%5B%5D=s&draft_pos%5B%5D=db&draft_pos%5B%5D=k&draft_pos%5B%5D=p&c1stat=pass_att&c1comp=gt&c1val=100&c5val=1.0&order_by=pass_yds |website=pro-football-reference.com |accessdate=December 4, 2018}}
33. ^{{cite web |title=Husky Legends Come Alive in New Stadium |url=http://www.gohuskies.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30200&ATCLID=209211861 |publisher=University of Washington |accessdate=January 23, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202110246/http://www.gohuskies.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30200&ATCLID=209211861 |archivedate=February 2, 2014 |df= }}
34. ^http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20101266,00.html
35. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/16/sports/pro-football-records-contradict-moons-statements.html |work=The New York Times |title=PRO FOOTBALL; Records Contradict Moons' Statements |date=February 16, 1996}}
36. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/23/sports/pro-football-jury-rapidly-acquits-moon-of-spousal-abuse-charges.html |work=The New York Times |first=Kate |last=Murphy |title=PRO FOOTBALL;Jury Rapidly Acquits Moon of Spousal Abuse Charges |date=February 23, 1996}}
37. ^http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Moons-file-for-divorce-2003582.php
38. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/6420ap_fbn_moon_negligent_driving.html |title=Hall of Famer Moon pleads guilty to negligent driving |accessdate=January 29, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=January 2012|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}