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词条 Washington State Ferries
释义

  1. History

  2. Routes

  3. Fleet

  4. Retired vessels

  5. Other ferries

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{About|the ferry system operated on Puget Sound by the state of Washington|ferry systems in Washington state operated by other entities|Ferries in Washington State}}{{Infobox Water transit
| name = Washington State Ferries
| logo = Washington State Ferries logo.svg
| logo_size = 175px
| image = Seattle Ferry.jpg
| image_size =
| locale = Washington
| waterway = Puget Sound, Salish Sea
| transit_type = Ferry
| began_operation = {{start date|1951|06|01}}
| ended_operation =
| system_length =
| lines = 10
| vessels = 23
| terminals = 20
| ridership = 61,745 (2013)
| marks =
| operator = Washington State Department of Transportation
| owner = Washington State Department of Transportation
| website = {{URL|http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/|wsdot.wa.gov/ferries}}
}}Washington State Ferries (WSF) is a government agency that operates automobile and passenger ferry service in the U.S. state of Washington as part of the Washington State Department of Transportation. It runs ten routes serving 20 terminals located around Puget Sound and in the San Juan Islands, designated as part of the state highway system. The agency maintains the largest fleet of ferries in the United States at 23 vessels, carrying 24.2 million passengers in 2016.[1] {{As of|2016}}, it was the largest ferry operator in the United States,[2] and the fourth-largest ferry system in the world.[1]

History

The ferry system has its origins in the "mosquito fleet", a collection of small steamer lines serving the Puget Sound area during the later part of the nineteenth century and early part of the 20th century. By the beginning of the 1930s, two lines remained: the Puget Sound Navigation Company (known as the Black Ball Line) and the Kitsap County Transportation Company. A strike in 1935 forced the KCTC to close, leaving only the Black Ball Line.[3]

Toward the end of the 1940s the Black Ball Line wanted to increase its fares, to compensate for increased wage demands from the ferry workers' unions, but the state refused to allow this, and so the Black Ball Line shut down. In 1951, the state bought nearly all of Black Ball's ferry assets for $5 million (Black Ball retained five vessels of its fleet).[4] The state intended to run ferry service only until cross-sound bridges could be built, but these were never approved, and the Washington State Department of Transportation runs the system to this day.

In 2017, the Senate Labor, Commerce and Sports Committee held a fact finding hearing in Olympia in response to a report from KING 5 Investigation which analyzed the past five years of WSF financial data obtained through a request for public records. Transportation officials issued a statement saying, "the cash-strapped ferry system was cutting out excessive forms of compensation for many of its workers and saving millions of tax dollars in the process," while KING 5 Investigators showed WSF has been spending more on labor costs every year since 2012. Sen. Michael Baumgartner, R-Spokane, chair of the committee, said, "the most troubling portion of the report centered on how types of compensation that were eliminated by the legislature and WSF management were quietly added back on, which led to the soaring labor costs." Baumgartner stated plans to introduce legislation that would make negotiating contracts an open process in the future. He cited a conflict of interest in the current protocol as labor unions are perennial supporters of the governor.[5][6]

Routes

Route nameTerminalsState route designation[7]Annual Ridership[8]Annual Vehicles Carried[8]Notes
Anacortes–Sidney BCSidney, British ColumbiaFriday Harbor, San Juan IslandAnacortes{{jct|state=WA|SR-Spur|20}}123,00142,589
  • Reservations recommended
  • Only route that operates internationally
  • Route does not operate in Winter (open mid-March to mid-December)
Anacortes–San Juan IslandsFriday Harbor, San Juan Island2,009,438947,064
  • Reservations recommended
  • Not all trips serve all island terminals.
Lopez Island
Shaw Island
Orcas Island
InterislandFriday Harbor, San Juan IslandOrcas IslandShaw IslandLopez Island
  • Walk-on passengers are not charged a fare on this route.
Port Townsend–CoupevillePort TownsendCoupeville, Whidbey Islandstate=WA|SR|20}}819,285372,130
  • Reservations recommended
Mukilteo–ClintonClinton, Whidbey IslandMukilteostate=WA|SR|525}}4,073,7612,234,650
Edmonds–KingstonKingstonEdmondsstate=WA|SR|104}}4,114,1812,127,315
Seattle–Bainbridge IslandWinslow, Bainbridge IslandSeattle (Colman Dock)state=WA|SR|305}}6,429,8531,929,617
Seattle–BremertonBremertonSeattle (Colman Dock)state=WA|SR|304}}2,739,926673,815
Fauntleroy–VashonVashon IslandWest Seattle (Fauntleroy){{jct|state=WA|SR|160}}3,059,5871,738,721
  • All three services operated together as a "triangle route."
Fauntleroy–SouthworthSouthworthWest Seattle (Fauntleroy)
Southworth–VashonSouthworthVashon Island200,672109,548
Point Defiance–TahlequahTahlequah, Vashon IslandTacoma (Point Defiance)state=WA|SR|163}}812,786473,924

Fleet

{{As of|2018}}, there are 23 ferries on Puget Sound operated by the state.[9] The largest vessels in this fleet carry up to 2500 passengers and 202 vehicles. They are painted in a distinctive white and green trim paint scheme, and feature double-ended open vehicle decks and bridges at each end so that they do not need to turn around.[10]

The ferry fleet consists of the following vessels:[9]

Washington State Ferries Current fleet
Ferry Name Class Year Built (Rebuilt) Auto Capacity Passenger Capacity Speed (knots) Notes
Tillikum}} Evergreen State 1959 (1994) 87 1061 13
Hyak}} Super 1967 144 2000 17
Kaleetan}} Super 1967 (2005) 144 2000 17
Yakima}} Super 1967 (2005) 144 2000 17
Elwha}} Super 1967 (1991) 144 1069 20 Upgraded to meet SOLAS standards for Sidney, BC.
Spokane}} Jumbo 1972 (2004) 188 2000 18
Walla Walla}} Jumbo 1973 (2003) 188 2000 18
Issaquah}} Issaquah 130 1979 (1989) 124 1200 16 Auto capacity increased in 1989.
Kitsap}} Issaquah 130 1980 (1992) 124 1200 16 Auto capacity increased in 1992.
Kittitas}} Issaquah 130 1980 (1990) 124 1200 16 Auto capacity increased in 1990.
Cathlamet}} Issaquah 130 1981 (1993) 124 1200 16 Auto capacity increased in 1993.
Chelan}} Issaquah 130 1981 (2005) 124 1076 16 Upgraded to meet SOLAS standards for Sidney, BC route in 2005.
Auto capacity increased in 2001.
Sealth}} Issaquah 100 1982 90 1200 16
Tacoma}} Jumbo Mark II 1997 202 2500 18
Wenatchee}} Jumbo Mark II 1998 202 2500 18
Puyallup}} Jumbo Mark II 1999 202 2500 18
Chetzemoka}} Kwa-di Tabil 2010 64 750 15
Salish}} Kwa-di Tabil 2011 64 750 15
Kennewick}} Kwa-di Tabil 2011 64 750 15
Tokitae}} Olympic 2014 144 1500 17
Samish}} Olympic 2015 144 1500 17
Chimacum}} Olympic 2017 144 1500 17
Suquamish}} Olympic 2018 144 1500 17 Entered service in October 2018.

Retired vessels

Since the beginning of state-run ferry service in 1951, WSF has retired many vessels as they have become older, too expensive to operate or maintain, or have become too small to provide adequate ferry service. WSF owned passenger-only vessels between 1985 and 2009, but after discontinuing its two passenger-only routes in the 2000s, WSF has sold its passenger-only ferries to other operators.

Below is a list of ferries that WSF has retired since 1951. Unless otherwise noted, all vessels introduced in 1951 were acquired from the Black Ball Line when the state took over the company's routes and ferryboats in Puget Sound.

Washington State Ferries Retired fleet[11]
Ferry Name Class Year Built (Rebuilt) Year in service Year Retired Auto Capacity Passenger Capacity Notes
Chippewa }} None 1900 (1928/ 1932) 1951 1964 52 950 Converted to a car ferry in 1926
Leschi }} None 1913 1951 1967 40 453 Previously owned by King County and used on Lake Washington
San Mateo }} None 1922 1951 1969 50 659 Purchased by PSN in 1941
Shasta }} None 1922 1951 1958 55 468 Purchased by PSN in 1941
Rosario }} None 1923 (1931) 1951 1951 33 312
Kitsap|1925}} None 1925 1951 1961 32 325
Crosline }} None 1925 (1947) 1951 1967 30 300 Purchased by the state in 1947
Kehloken }} Wood Electric 1926 1951 1972 50 770 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Kalakala }} None 1926 (1935) 1951 1967 110 1943 Originally built as MV Peralta in 1926; rebuilt as Kalakala in 1935 using Peralta{{'}}s hull
Enetai }} Steel Electric 1927 1951 1967 90 1500 Purchased by PSN in 1940 and converted to a single-ended ferry
Willapa }} Steel Electric 1927 1951 1967 90 1500 Purchased by PSN in 1940 and converted to a single-ended ferry
Chetzemoka|1927}} Wood Electric 1927 1951 1973 50 400 Purchased by PSN in 1938
Quinault }} Steel Electric 1927 (1958/ 1985) 1951 2007 59 616 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Illahee }} Steel Electric 1927 (1958/ 1986) 1951 2007 59 616 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Nisqually }} Steel Electric 1927 (1958/ 1987) 1951 2007 59 616 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Klickitat }} Steel Electric 1927 (1981) 1951 2007 64 412 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Klahanie }} Wood Electric 1928 1951 1972 50 601 Purchased by PSN in 1940
Skansonia }} None 1929 1951 1969 32 465 Operated under a state contract since 1940 after the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapsed
Vashon }} None 1930 1951 1980 50 646
Olympic }} None 1938 1954 1993 55 605 Purchased by WSF in 1954
Rhododendron}} None 1947 (1990) 1954 2012 48 546 Purchased by WSF in 1954, sold to Atlantic Capes Fisheries in 2013
Evergreen State}} Evergreen State 1954 (1988) 1954 2016 87 854
Kulshan }} None 1954 1970 1982 65 350 Governor}}
Klahowya}} Evergreen State 1958 (1995) 1958 2017 87 792
Hiyu}} None 1967 1967 2016 34 199
Tyee }} None 1985 1985 2003 0 250 Operating as M/V Glacier Express in Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska as of 2013[12][13]
Kalama}} Skagit/ Kalama 1989 1989 2009 0 230 Sold in 2011
Skagit}} Skagit/ Kalama 1989 1989 2009 0 230 Sold in 2011; capsized on July 18, 2012
Chinook }} Passenger-Only Fast Ferry 1998 1998 2008 0 350 Sold to Golden Gate Ferries, renamed MV Golden Gate
Snohomish }} Passenger-Only Fast Ferry 1999 1999 2008 0 350 Sold to Golden Gate Ferries, renamed MV Napa

Other ferries

{{main|Ferries in Washington State}}

There are several other publicly operated, private, and passenger-only ferries in Washington state.

See also

{{Portal|Washington|Nautical|Transportation}}{{div col}}
  • Alaska Marine Highway
  • BC Ferries
  • Black Ball Line
  • Ferries in Washington State
  • Inter-Island Ferry Authority
  • Keller Ferry
  • King County Ferry District
  • Seattle tugboats
{{div col end}}{{-}}

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/news/2017/01/18/ferry-ridership-surges-highest-level-decade|title=Washington State Ferries - Traffic Statistics Rider Segment report - Jan 1, 2016 thru Dec 31, 2016|last=|first=|date=January 23, 2017|website=|publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation|format=PDF|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=February 1, 2017}}
2. ^http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/61B38EF5-0E39-420D-84F8-582A6A6CF476/0/WSFFactSheet2016_FINAL.pdf
3. ^History of Washington State Ferry system, wsdot.com, retrieved March 15, 2008
4. ^Washington State Ferries begins operations on June 1, 1951, HistoryLink.org, retrieved March 15, 2008
5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.king5.com/article/news/local/investigations/lawmakers-act-on-king-5-investigation-into-ferry-system-spending-spree/281-439005221|title=Lawmakers act on KING 5 investigation into ferry system spending spree|work=KING|access-date=2018-06-08|language=en-US}}
6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.king5.com/article/news/local/whopping-pay-raises-on-deck-for-some-ferry-workers/354790698|title=Whopping pay raises on deck for some ferry workers|work=KING|access-date=2018-06-08|language=en-US}}
7. ^2004-2005 Official State Highway Map, Washington State Department of Transportation, retrieved March 15, 2008
8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/6C78A08B-19A1-4919-B6E6-E9EF83E6376D/116404/WSFFactSheet2017_FINAL1.pdf|title=WSDOT Ferries Division- overview and fact sheet|last=|first=|date=January 2017|website=|publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation|access-date=May 25, 2017}}
9. ^1 Washington State Ferries - Our Fleet, Washington State Department of Transportation, Retrieved June 28, 2017
10. ^{{cite web |date=October 2018 |title=WSDOT Ferries Division Fleet Guide |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/6C78A08B-19A1-4919-B6E6-E9EF83E6376D/125512/WashingtonStateFerriesFleetGuideOctober2018.pdf |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |accessdate=November 28, 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=The Ghost Fleet of Washington State Ferries|url=http://www.evergreenfleet.com/retired.html|publisher=EvergreenFleet.com|accessdate=5 November 2012}}
12. ^{{citation|publisher=Evergreen Fleet|title=M/V Tyee|url=http://www.evergreenfleet.com/tyee.html|accessdate=2013-06-28}}
13. ^{{citation|publisher=Major Marine Tours|title=Our fleet of vessels|url=http://www.majormarine.com/guest-info/vessels/|accessdate=2013-06-28}}

External links

{{commons category}}
  • {{official website|http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/}}
  • Evergreenfleet.com-- A History of Washington State Ferries Past and Present
  • Vehicle Reservation Predesign Study
{{Washington State Ferries|state=uncollapsed}}{{Puget Sound Transit}}

4 : Washington State Ferries|Sound Transit|Ferries of Washington (state)|Ferry companies based in Washington (state)
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