| 词条 | Authority bias |
| 释义 |
Humans usually have deep-seated duty to authority, and tend to comply when requested by an authority figure.[4] There are scholars who explain that individuals are motivated to view authority as deserving of their position and this legitimacy lead people to accept and obey the decisions that it makes.[2] System justification theory articulates this phenomenon, particularly within its position that there is a psychological motivation for believing in the steadiness, stability and justness of the current social system.[5] In any society, a diverse and widely accepted system of authority allows the development of sophisticated structures for the production of resources, trade, expansion and social control. Since the opposite is anarchy, we are all trained from birth to believe that obedience to authority is right. Notions of submission and loyalty to legitimate rule of others are accorded values in schools, the law, the military and in political systems. The strength of the bias to obey a legitimate authority figure comes from systemic socialization practices designed to instill in people the perception that such obedience constitutes correct behavior. Different societies vary the terms of this dimension.[6] As we grow up, we learn that it benefits us to obey the dictates of genuine authority figures because such individuals usually possess higher degrees of knowledge, wisdom and power. We tend to do what our doctor advises. Consequently, deference to authority can occur in a mindless fashion as a kind of decision-making short cut.[7] The authority bias is demonstrated in the case of the highest paid persons' opinion (HIPPO) impact, which describes how employees and other stakeholders in the solution environment tend to go with the opinions and impressions of the highly paid people in an organization.[8] See also{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite journal |last=Milgram |first=Stanley |authorlink=Stanley Milgram |date=July 1963 |title=Behavioral Study of obedience |journal=The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology |volume=67 |issue=4 |pmid=}} 2. ^1 {{Cite book|title=Analyzing the Role of Cognitive Biases in the Decision-Making Process|last=Juárez Ramos|first=Veronica|publisher=IGI Global|year=2019|isbn=9781522529798|location=Hershey, PA|pages=113}} 3. ^{{cite book |author=Ellis RM |title=Middle Way Philosophy: Omnibus Edition |year=2015 |publisher=Lulu Press | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xG9rCgAAQBAJ&dq=Ellis+RM+Middle+Way+Philosophy%3A+Omnibus+Edition&q=authority#v=onepage&q=milgram&f=false}} 4. ^{{cite book |first=Stanley |last=Milgram |authorlink=Stanley Milgram |title=Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View |year=1974}} 5. ^{{Cite book|title=Implicit Bias and Philosophy, Volume 1: Metaphysics and Epistemology|last=Browstein|first=Michael|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780198766186|location=Oxford|pages=240}} 6. ^{{cite paper|last1=Hinnosaar| first1=Marit| last2=Hinnosaar| first2=Toomas| title=Authority Bias| date=August 31, 2012 |url=https://www.academia.edu/2108445/Authority_Bias}} 7. ^{{cite book| last=Huczynski| first=Andrzej| title=Influencing within organizations| publisher=Routledge| year=2004}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=ZyRxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT199&dq=authority+bias+accuracy+of+opinion&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwikkYapt6DfAhVMX30KHX8gAkUQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=authority%20bias%20accuracy%20of%20opinion&f=false|title=Data Analytics for IT Networks: Developing Innovative Use Cases|last=Garrett|first=John|date=2018-10-24|publisher=Cisco Press|isbn=9780135183441|location=|pages=|language=en}} External links
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