| 词条 | Avangard (hypersonic glide vehicle) |
| 释义 |
|is_missile=yes |name= Avangard |image= Hypersonic_rocket_complex_Avangard.jpg |type= Hypersonic glide vehicle |caption= The UR-100UTTKh ICBM launched from the Dombarovsky Air Base. |origin= Russian Federation |used_by=Russian Strategic Missile Troops |designer= Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology |manufacturer= Votkinsk Machine Building Plant |unit_cost= |propellant= |production_date= 2018 |service= In production[1] |engine= |engine_power= |weight= ~ 40–50 tons[2] |length= 5.4 m |height= |diameter= |wingspan= |speed=M=27[3] |ceiling= |altitude= |vehicle_range= |warheads = thermonuclear. over 2 Mt [3] |filling= |guidance= |accuracy= |detonation= |launch_platform= }} The Avangard (also known as Objekt 4202, Yu-71 and Yu-74) is a Russian hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV), that can be carried as a MIRV payload by the UR-100UTTKh,[4][5] R-36M2 and RS-28 Sarmat heavy ICBMs. It can deliver both nuclear and conventional payloads.[6][7][8][9] The Avangard is one of the six new Russian strategic weapons unveiled by Russian President Vladimir Putin on 1 March 2018.[8] DevelopmentThe Avangard (then called Yu-71 and Yu-74) was reportedly tested during a series of flight tests between February 2015 and June 2016 on board the UR-100UTTKh ICBMs launched from the Dombarovsky ICBM site during which the glider reached a speed of {{convert|11,200|km/h|mph m/s}} and successfully hit its targets at the Kura Missile Test Range.[10][11] Another flight test was carried out in October 2016 with use of the R-36M2 heavy ICBM launched from Dombarovsky ICBM site, hitting a target at the Kura Missile Test Range. This was reportedly the first fully successful test of the glide vehicle.[12][13] On 1 March 2018, Russian President Vladimir Putin in his presidential address to the Federal Assembly in Moscow announced that testing of the weapon is now complete and that the missile has entered serial production.[14][15][16][17][8] This was also confirmed by the commander of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces, Colonel General Sergei Karakayev.[18][19] The latest flight test occurred on 26 December 2018 when the glider was launched on board a UR-100UTTKh ICBM from the Dombarovsky missile base in the Ural Mountains and subsequently hit a target at the Kura Missile Test Range.[20] The Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Yury Borisov stated a day later on a Russian TV channel that the missile flew at 27 times the speed of sound, thus making it invulnerable to interception.[20] {{clear}}DesignWhen approaching a target, the glider is capable of sharp high speed horizontal and vertical evasive maneuvers in flight, making it "absolutely invulnerable for any missile defence system," according to Russian officials.[21][22][23][24][25] According to Russian President Putin, Avangard strikes "like a meteorite, like a fireball".[26] The blast yield of a nuclear warhead carried by the Avangard is reportedly more than 2 megatons TNT.[27] The Avangard has been demonstrated to operate at up to Mach 27 during the latest flight test.[28] Operators
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.rbc.ru/rbcfreenews/5b5048249a79479a995f2d5b|title=В России запустили серийное производство гиперзвуковой ракеты «Авангард»|website=РБК}} {{Russian and Soviet missiles}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-553.html|title=Комплекс РС-26 Рубеж / Авангард - KY-26 / SS-X-31 - MilitaryRussia.Ru — отечественная военная техника (после 1945г.)|website=militaryrussia.ru}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5047200|title=Источник: первыми носителями гиперзвуковых блоков "Авангард" станут ракеты УР-100Н УТТХ|website=ТАСС}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/we-now-know-how-russias-new-avangard-hypersonic-boost-glide-25003|title=We Now Know How Russia's New Avangard Hypersonic Boost-Glide Weapon Will Launch|first=Dave|last=Majumdar|website=The National Interest}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/995167|title=Russia to use SS-19 ICBMs as carriers for Avangard hypersonic glide vehicles — source|publisher=}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/18906/heres-the-six-super-weapons-putin-unveiled-during-fiery-address|title=Here's The Six Super Weapons Putin Unveiled During Fiery Address|first=Joseph|last=Trevithick|publisher=|accessdate=19 March 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.defenseworld.net/news/22162#.Wq7Ad0nxJqU|title=Russia’s New Avangard Hypersonic Missile System To Enter Service By 2019|website=www.defenseworld.net|accessdate=19 March 2018}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://sputniknews.com/military/201803041062210266-avangard-hypersonic-glider-enters-production/|title=Russia's Avangard Hypersonic Glider Warhead Enters Production – Source|first=|last=Sputnik|website=sputniknews.com|accessdate=19 March 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/introducing-the-avangard-hypersonic-missile-a-look-inside-putins-new-high-tech-arsenal|title=Introducing ‘Avangard’ and ‘Sarmat’: Putin shows off new hypersonic, nuclear missiles|date=1 March 2018|publisher=|accessdate=19 March 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://sputniknews.com/military/201506281023954331/|title=Secret Russian Hypersonic Nuke Glider Can Pierce Any Missile Defense|website=Sputnik (news agency)|date=28 July 2015|accessdate=17 September 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://sputniknews.com/politics/201606111041185729-russia-hypersonic-glider/|title=Russian Top Secret Hypersonic Glider Can Penetrate Any Missile Defense|website=Sputnik (news agency)|date=11 July 2016|accessdate=17 September 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/radio_brief/20161028/1480246498.html|title=Эксперт об "изделии 4202": теперь США будут меньше бряцать оружием|website=ria.ru|date=28 October 2016|accessdate=16 September 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://sputniknews.com/military/201610291046868761-hypersonic-warhead-sarmat-missile/|title='Object 4202': New Russian Hypersonic Warhead to Be Coupled With Sarmat ICBM|website=Sputnik (news agency)|date=29 October 2016|accessdate=17 September 2018}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/992297|title=Russia begins serial production of new cutting-edge glide vehicle|publisher=}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/992643|title=Russia’s Avangard strategic systems enter series production – source|publisher=}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/993495|title=Russia’s Defense Ministry signs production contract for Avangard hypersonic systems|publisher=}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/993615|title=Russia’s Avangard hypersonic missile system|publisher=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/992383|title=New missile Putin mentioned in annual address successfully tested — top brass|publisher=}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0302/103545658/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Траектория полета ракеты "Авангард" проходит на высоте десятков километров|website=www.armstrade.org}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://sputniknews.com/military/201812281071049854-russian-avangard-missile-27-times-faster-speed/|title=Official reveals Avanguard's Hypersonic missile speed|website=Sputnik|date=28 December 2018|accessdate=28 Dec 2018}} 21. ^https://www.janes.com/article/85511/russia-announces-successful-flight-test-of-avangard-hypersonic-glide-vehicle 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/1227/154550335/detail.shtml|title=Юрий Борисов: испытания «Авангарда» подтвердили, что он может развить скорость в 27М|website=www.armstrade.org|date=27 December 2018|language=ru|accessdate=28 December 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/03/putin-boasts-new-strategic-weapons-will-make-us-missile-defense-useless/|title=Putin boasts new strategic weapons will make US missile defense "useless"|publisher=|accessdate=19 March 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/26/the-kremlin-says-it-conducted-another-successful-test-of-a-hypersonic-weapon.html|title=The Kremlin says it conducted another successful test of a hypersonic weapon|first=Amanda|last=Macias|date=26 December 2018|website=www.cnbc.com}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/putin-says-russia-ready-deploy-new-hypersonic-nuclear-missile-n951986|title=Putin says Russia ready to deploy new hypersonic nuclear missile|website=NBC News}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/world/europe/vladimir-putin-says-russia-has-developed-an-unstoppable-nuclear-missile/news-story/e856895f2baf3d8bebb484a93fdd04ed|title=Russia touts ‘unstoppable’ nuclear missile|publisher=}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5047200|title=Источник: первыми носителями гиперзвуковых блоков "Авангард" станут ракеты УР-100Н УТТХ|website=TASS|date=20 March 2018|accessdate=28 December 2018}} 28. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5958896|title=Борисов: испытания комплекса "Авангард" доказали его способность разгоняться до 27 Махов|website=TASS|date=27 December 2018|accessdate=30 December 2018}} 4 : Weapons of Russia|Hypersonic aircraft|Nuclear weapons|Post–Cold War weapons of Russia |
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