| 词条 | Balanites pedicellaris |
| 释义 |
|image = |genus = Balanites |species = pedicellaris |authority = (Welw.) Mildbr. & Schltr.[1] |synonyms = *Balanites horrida Mildbr. & Schltr.
|synonyms_ref = [1]}} Balanites pedicellaris, the small green-thorn or small torchwood is a small tree or shrub from Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a member of the caltrop family Zygophyllaceae. DescriptionBalanites pedicellaris is a multi-stemmed shrub or small tree, although some specimens may have a single fluted trunk.[3] The branches are yellowish or greyish-green, bearing simple green spines. The leaves are alternate or grow on the spines, bifoliolate; the leaflets obovate, pale green, rather fleshy, down covered with a short downy petiole. The greenish-white flowers have 6 petals and are bunched in small, axillary clusters, approximately 1.4 cm in diameter. The fruit is a drupe, which is round or ellipsoid and normally flattened on either end, it measures 1·2–2·5 × 1·5–2 cm., the unripe fruit is usually covered in downy hairs but these are lost on the ripe fruit which is orange in colour.[2][3] Grows up to 6m tall.[3]DistributionBalanites pedicellaris occurs from Ethiopia and Somalia south through eastern Africa to KwaZulu Natal in South Africa.[4]HabitatBalanites pedicellaris is found in dry woodland and scrub and on alluvial soils on floodplains,[2] where there are scattered trees.[3]UsesThe fruit is eaten but is not sought after.[2] The fresh fruits are toxic and have a bitter taste, consumption causes thirst, dizziness and vomiting. A infusion made from the roots is used to treat fever and diarrhoea, the boiled root infusion is frequently added to milk given to children.[5] The root infusion is used as an emetic by the Turkana people.[4] The seeds are cooked and are an important source of food in northern Kenya, particularly in Turkana.[6] The leaves are used as browse for domestic animals while the wood is used for carvings and to make torches.[4] References1. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-19468 | title = Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. | accessdate = 18 December 2016 | publisher = The Plant List}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q15271089}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=132980 | title = Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. pedicellaris | accessdate = 18 December 2016 | publisher = Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M.|work = Flora of Zimbabwe}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://apps.kew.org/efloras/namedetail.do?flora=fz&taxon=1302&nameid=3088 | title = Flora Zambesica | accessdate = 18 December 2016 | publisher = Royal Botanic Garden, Kew|work = Flora Zambesica}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?en=1&p=Balanites+pedicellaris | title = Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. | accessdate = 18 December 2016 | publisher = Plant Resources of Tropical Africa}} 5. ^{{cite book | author = Umberto Quattrocchi | year = 2016 | title = CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology (5 Volume Set)| publisher = CRC Press | ISBN = 1482250640 | pages = 521}} 6. ^{{cite book | author1 = Patrick Maundu | author2 = Bo Tengnäs | year = 2005 | title = Useful Trees and Shrubs for Kenya |url = http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B13601.pdf | publisher = World Agroforestry Centre | ISBN = 9966-896-70-8 | page = 118}} 12 : Balanites|Trees of Africa|Flora of East Africa|Flora of Northeast Tropical Africa|Flora of East Tropical Africa|Flora of South Tropical Africa|Trees of Botswana|Flora of Mozambique|Flora of Rwanda|Flora of Zimbabwe|Edible plants|Plants used in traditional African medicine |
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