| 词条 | Barbara Sanguszko |
| 释义 |
| name = Duchess Barbara Sanguszko | image = Barbara sangushkivna.jpg | caption = oil by Marcello Bacciarelli | spouse = Duke Paweł Karol Sanguszko (1682–1750) | issue = Anna Józef Paulin Sanguszko Krystyna Justyna Hieronim Janusz Kunegunda Janusz Modest | full name = Barbara Urszula Sanguszko | noble family = House of Sanguszko | father = Jakub Dunin | mother = Marianna Grudzińska | birth_date = {{birth date|1718|2|4|df=y}} | birth_place = Warsaw, Poland | death_date = {{death date and age|1791|2|15|1718|2|4|df=y}} | death_place = Warsaw, Poland }} Barbara Urszula Sanguszko, née Dunin (pseudonym: A Dame; A definite Polish dame; definitely a worthy dowager; 4 February 1718 – 2 October 1791 in Warsaw) was a Polish noblewoman, poet, translator, and moralist during the Enlightenment in Poland.[1] She organised and hosted a salon in Poddębice, where the gathering of intellectuals, artists and politicians was modelled after French 18th-century salons. Sanguszko was known for her piety and philanthropy. She was the third wife of the much older magnate and Grand Marshal of Lithuania, Duke Paweł Karol Sanguszko (1682–1750). FamilyShe was the daughter of Jakub Dunin (died 1730) and Marianna, née Grudzińska (died 1727). Orphaned early, she was brought up be her step-mother, Helena née Potocka (daughter of Jerzy Potocki). After home-tutoring she was married off in 1735 as the third wife of the much older Grand Marshal of Lithuania, Duke Paweł Karol Sanguszko (1682–1750). Of the ten children born to the couple, six survived. They included:
Society careerOn 3 May 1745, she was awarded the Austrian Order of the Starry Cross.[2] Barely five years later, on 15 April 1750 she was widowed. She took over the management of her late husband's affairs, especially the education of their children. That same year she procured the services of a French tutor, C. F. Pyrrhys de Varille, who remained on the estate in Lubartów, virtually continuously until her death. After her daughter Krystyna's marriage in 1763 to Francis Bieliński, she took up permanent residence in the Bielinski Palace in Warsaw. Following the premature death of her daughter, Krystyna, she took charge of her granddaughter, Tekla Teresa, whom she educated in the French manner. Every two years in the summer months she organised an élite Enlightenment salon in Poddębice attended by distinguished guests. Modelled on a French 18th-century salon, she hosted intellectuals, artists and politicians. Among her guests were Stanisław August Poniatowski, the future king, and Ignacy Krasicki. Together with Bona Granowska and her sister, Maria Lanckorońska, she formed 'the trinity of devout ladies' famed for their piety and philanthropy. Barbara Sanguszko was celebrated for her generosity. She not only restored many Catholic churches and convents, but laid the foundations of new religious houses, including Orthodox churches. At her instigation, Pope Pius VI granted indulgences by papal bull to four parishes. Having in mind the future of her children and of the family estate, she took an active part in the political life of her country. She took it upon herself to attend parliaments and tribunals. Her soirées spawned the future theatrical initiatives of the Lazienki Palace. She hosted grand occasions in the Saski Palace, including illuminations, concerts and balls for dignitaries of the period. This ensured her attendance at the coronation of King Stanislas August. Apart from her real estate in Warsaw, she was mistress of estates in Szymanów, Zasław, Lubartów and Poddębice. She travelled widely across Poland to places including, Gdańsk, Białystok, Berdyczów, and abroad to Rome. WritingsTranslationsBarbara Sanguszko translated into Polish two religious tracts by Louise de La Vallière, former French royal mistress turned Carmelite nun, published in Lublin in 1743.[3] She translated a series of reflections on religious and moral themes by Cardinal Giovanni Bona.[4] In the 1760s, she translated a manual of medicine, she had commissioned from the Sanguszko personal physician, Dr. Francis Curtius.[5] This was followed in 1788 by a translation of the weighty two-volume anti-Voltaire novel Le Comte de Valmont, ou, Les égaremens de la raison by Philippe Louis Gérard.[6] Original works
Correspondence
References1. ^http://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/index.php/a/barbara-urszula-sanguszkowa-z-duninow - Entry in Polish in the Dictionary of National Biography {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sanguszko, Barbara Urszula}}2. ^Dunin-Borkowski, Jerzy Sewer. Panie polskie przy dworze rakuskim (Damy krzyża gwiaździstego. Damy pałacowe. Kanoniczki honorowe sabaudzkie i berneńskie) Lwów, published by Księgarnia Seyfarth & Czajkowski 1891, 61 pages 3. ^Vallière, F.L. de la, Uwaga duszy przez pokutę nawracającej się do Boga pełna afektów serdecznych na psalm 50... and psalm 102... pokutującego Dawida..., and Refleksje chrześcijańskie nad ułomnością naszą... published in Lublin 1743 4. ^Bono Giovanni, Przewodnia do nieba droga published in 1744 5. ^Curtius, F. trans. Sanguszko, B. O chorobach prędkiego ratunku potrzebujących..., Warsaw, 1783 - About illnesses in need of urgent treatment. 6. ^Gérard, P.L. Hrabia de Valemont, czyli obłąd rozumu... - The Count of Valemont, or the loss of reason. 7. ^Sanguszko, Barbara. Naukę matki córce swojej idącej za mąż daną... Warsaw, 1756. 8. ^Tomkowicz, S. Z wieku Stanisława Augusta, National Library Ms: Biblioteki Narodowej, sygn. M 262): vol. 2, Kraków 1882, p. 78. The Ossolineum collection has a preface to the above by Sanguszko, sygn. 552/II 5. 9. ^Ms: Warsaw University Library; sygn. 99 a 9; Ossolineum, sygn. 313/II 10. ^Ms: Ossolineum, sygn. 313/II. 11. ^Ms: Biblioteka Czartoryskich, sygn. 833 - Czartoryski Library 12. ^Collection for the years: 1780-1784, 1786-1788; Ms: Biblioteka Czartoryskich, sygn. 687, 689, 700, 723 13. ^Ms: Biblioteka Jagiellońska, sygn. 6147 IV t. 13 14. ^Ms: Lwów. Państwowa Naukowa Biblioteka. (Ossolineum, sygn. 454/II) 17 : 1718 births|1791 deaths|People from Warsaw|Polish landowners|18th-century Polish poets|18th-century translators|Polish translators|Polish women writers|Polish philanthropists|Polish salon-holders|18th-century Polish women|Sanguszko family|18th-century Polish writers|Pseudonymous women writers|Pseudonymous writers|18th-century women writers|18th-century philanthropists |
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