| 词条 | Bars Bek |
| 释义 |
ReignNothing is known about Bars Bek's early reign except the minor fragments of information, available in Orkhon inscriptions and various Yenisei inscriptions. During his reign, he was believed to be hostile against the Göktürks until he was married to a younger daughter of Ilterish khagan and was appointed as a lesser khagan ruling over Az and Kyrgyz tribes.[1][2][3] In the late 7th century. According to Takeshi Osawa, Bars Bek mediated in peace talks between Suoge and Zhongzong.[4] According to Klyashtorny, he sent an ambassador named Eren Ulug to the Tibetan Empire in an attempt to form an alliance, but was unsuccessful.[5] DeathAfter news of the triple alliance reached Tonyukuk, he decided to eliminate the Kyrgyz first. Since roads to Kyrgyz lands were blocked by heavy snow, they had to find a guide. They crossed Ak Termel (modern Ona - a tributary of Abakan). However, after ten nights of searching for a way out, their guide had become lost and was executed on the orders of Qapaghan. After some days they arrived at Kyrgyz headquarters and made a night attack on Bars Bek and killed him.[6] A memorial stele was erected after his death, on the left side of the Abakan river.[7] He was succeeded by his son and Bilge Khagan's nephew.[8] TitleAccording to Sergei Klyashtorny, Bars Bek's throne name was Inanch Alp Bilge and was mentioned as such in Yenisei inscriptions.[9] However, Turkish historian Saadeddin Gömeç has argued against this.[10] LegacyA commemorative coin honoring Bars Bek was issued by the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2010.[11] A monument to Bars Bek was erected in Osh.[12] In 2017, Kyrgyz president Almazbek Atambayev offered to erect another monument to Bars Bek in Altai and Khakassia but was declined.[13] References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=1&oid=15&m=0|title=The Kultegin’s Memorial Complex|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-25}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=1&oid=16&m=1|title=The Bilge khagan’s Memorial Complex|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-25}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.az/books?id=7Du2CAAAQBAJ&lpg=PA65&ots=ihuaQ979DA&dq=Bars%20bek%20coin&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Khazaria in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries|last=Zhivkov|first=Boris|date=2015-05-07|publisher=BRILL|year=|isbn=9789004294486|location=|pages=65|language=en}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Takeshi|first=Osawa|date=1996|title=Jenissei-Kirghiz in the Early Eighth Century.|url=|journal=Shihō|language=Japanese|publisher=The Toyoshi-Danwa-kai Hokkaido University|volume=28|pages=1–24|via=}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/index.php?lang=e&mod=1&tid=2&oid=116&m=1|title=Altyn-Kol (E-29)|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-25}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=1&oid=17&m=1|title=The Tonyukuk’s Memorial Complex|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-25|quote=𐰾𐰇𐰭𐰏𐰤: 𐰲𐰑𐰢𐰕: 𐰴𐰣𐰃: 𐰾𐰇𐰾𐰃: 𐱅𐰼𐰠𐰢𐰾: 𐰾𐰇𐰭𐰾𐰓𐰢𐰕: 𐰽𐰨𐰑𐰢𐰕: 𐰴𐰣𐰃𐰤: 𐰇𐰠𐰼𐱅𐰢𐰕: 𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰴𐰀: (in Old Turkic script) / Their khagan gathered the army. We fought them, killed their khagan. Kyrgyz people surrendered our khagan. (English translation)}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=2&oid=39&m=0|title=Altyn-Kol (E-28)|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-25}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47206450|title=Istorii︠a︡ eniseĭskikh kyrgyzov|last=I︠A︡.|first=Butanaev, V.|last2=Khudyakov|first2=Y. S.|date=2000|publisher=Izd-vo Khakasskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N.F. Katanova|others=|year=|isbn=5781001190|location=Abakan|pages=69|oclc=47206450}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Кляшторный.|first=С. Г.|date=1976|title=Стелы Золотого озера (к датировке енисейских рунических памятников)|url=http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/images/pdf/journals/turcologica_1976_35_klyashtornyj.pdf|journal=Turcologica|volume=|pages=258|via=}} 10. ^{{Cite book|title=Eski Türk Yazıtları|last=Orkun|first=Hüseyin Namık|publisher=|year=1936|isbn=|volume=1|location=Istanbul|pages=35-39}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nbkr.kg/contout.jsp?item=2545&lang=ENG&material=53906|title=National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic|website=www.nbkr.kg|access-date=2018-08-25}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://kabarlar.org/news/92530-v-gorode-osh-pamyatnik-barsbek-baatyra-perenesut-v-drugoe-mesto.html|title=В городе Ош предлагают перенести монументальную композицию Барсбек каган|last=|first=|date=27 July 2017|work=КАБАРЛАР - Всегда первый!|access-date=2018-08-25}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://kabar.kg/news/atambaev-altai-i-khakasiia-ne-razreshili-nam-ustanovit-pamiatnik-manasu-i-barsbeku/|title=Атамбаев: Алтай и Хакасия не разрешили нам установить памятник Манасу и Барсбеку|website=Информационное Агентство Кабар|language=ru|access-date=2018-08-25}} 2 : 7th-century Turkic people|710 deaths |
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