词条 | Weißenburg in Bayern |
释义 |
|type = Stadt |image_coa = DEU Weißenburg COA.svg |image_photo = Weissenburg_Rathaus.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = The old town hall of Weißenburg is one of the icons of the city |coordinates = {{coord|49|01|50|N|10|58|19|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Weißenburg in Bayern in WUG.svg |state = Bayern |district = Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen |elevation = 422 |area = 97.55 |postal_code = 91781 |area_code = 09141 |licence = WUG |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 5 77 177 |divisions = 27 Ortsteile |Adresse = Marktplatz 19 91781 Weißenburg i.Bay. |website = [https://www.weissenburg.de/ www.weissenburg.de] |mayor = Jürgen Schröppel |Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister |party = SPD }}{{Infobox country |native_name = Reichsstadt Weißenburg im Nordgau |conventional_long_name = Imperial City of Weißenburg im Nordgau |common_name = Weissenburg im Nordgau |era = Middle Ages |status = City-state |empire = Holy Roman Empire |government_type = Republic |year_start = 1296 |year_end = 1803 |event_pre = Founded |date_pre = before 867 |event_start = Gained Reichsfreiheit |date_start = |event_end = Mediatised to Bavaria |date_end = |p1 = Bishopric of Würzburg |flag_p1 = Flagge Großherzogtum Baden (1871-1891).svg |s1 = Electorate of Bavaria |flag_s1 = Flag of Bavaria (lozengy).svg |capital = Weißenburg im Nordgau }}{{stack end}} Weißenburg in Bayern (formerly also Weißenburg im Nordgau) is a town in Middle Franconia, Germany. It is the capital of the district Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen. In 2010 its population was 17,513. Weißenburg was a Free Imperial City for 500 years. GeographyLocationWeissenburg is located in central Bavaria, in the south of the administrative region Mittelfranken. Large cities in the area are Ingolstadt (55.5 km), Nuremberg (61.7 km), Augsburg (85 km), Munich (134.6 km) and Würzburg (150.4 km). SubdivisionThe municipality is divided into 27 Ortsteile: the main town and the 26 villages of Dettenheim, Emetzheim, Gänswirtshaus, Haardt, Hagenbuch, Hammermühle, Hattenhof, Häuser am Wülzburger Berg, Heuberg, Holzingen, Kattenhochstatt, Kehl, Laubenthal, Markhof, Niederhofen, Oberhochstatt, Potschmühle, Rohrwalk, Rothenstein (Weißenburg), Schleifer am Berg, Schmalwiesen, Stadelhof, Suffersheim, Weimersheim, Weissenhof and Wülzburg. HistoryEarly historyThe history of Weißenburg is generally traced back to the Roman fort that was built in the area towards the end of the first century. The settlement, which included Thermae, lay on the border of the Roman Empire and on the Tabula Peutingeriana from the 4th century it had the name Biriciana. Germanic tribes destroyed the fort and settled in what is still the city centre. The first mention of the name Weißenburg is in a deed dating from 867. The city became the seat of a royal residence during the reign of the Franks and according to legend, Charlemagne stayed there to supervise the construction of Fossa Carolina. The city became a Free Imperial City in 1296 and continued to grow until the Reformation. Following the example of Nuremberg the city joined the Protestant side but it suffered heavily in the ensuing wars. However, the rights of the city as a Free Imperial City and an Imperial Estate were restored in the final peace treaty and some growth resumed. Despite its insignificant size and economic importance, the city, like the other 50-odd free imperial cities, was virtually independent. Modern historyWeissenburg lost its independence in 1802 and became part of the Bavarian kingdom in 1806. It was however saved from insignificance with the construction of a railway between Nuremberg and Augsburg which goes through the city and which supported industrialisation. Following World War II over 6,000 refugees and people expelled from the territories which Germany lost settled in the city and have since played an important role in its industry and culture. The many stages in the history of Weissenburg can still be seen today. There are many ruins from the Roman times. One of the finest is the remains of a Roman bath which was excavated in 1977 and has been turned into a museum. The city wall from the Middle Ages has survived almost intact with its towers and in the Gothic Town Hall the city's elected members have held their meetings from 1476. Sights
WülzburgWülzburg is a historical fortress about {{convert|2|km|mi}} east of the center of Weissenburg. It stands on a hill {{convert|200|m|ft}} above Weissenburg, at an elevation of {{convert|630.5|m|ft}}, and was originally a Benedictine monastery dating from the 11th century. It was converted into a fortress from 1588 to 1605 and is one of the best-preserved Renaissance fortresses in Germany. Today it is part of the city of Weissenburg. During World War I, Charles DeGaulle was imprisoned at the Wülzburg. The Nazis also used it as a prison camp during World War II; it was here that the Czech composer Erwin Schulhoff was held for over a year before he died of TB. Famous people
Sister cities
References1. ^{{cite web|title=International cooperation|url=http://valka.lv/en/international-cooperation/|publisher=Valka|accessdate=4 May 2014}} External links{{Wikisource1911Enc|Weissenburg-am-Sand|Weißenburg in Bayern}}
4 : Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen|States and territories established in 1296|1803 disestablishments|Franconian Circle |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。