| 词条 | Werner Bergengruen |
| 释义 |
| name = Werner Bergengruen | image = WP_Werner_Bergengruen.jpg | imagesize = | caption =Bergengruen on a German stamp | pseudonym = | birth_name = | birth_date = 16 September 1892 | birth_place = Riga, Livonia, Russian Empire (Now Latvia) | death_date = {{Death date and age|1964|9|4|1892|9|16|df=yes}} | death_place = Baden-Baden, Germany | occupation = poet, novelist. | nationality = German | period = 20th century | genre = | subject = | movement = | notableworks = | spouse = Charlotte Hensel | partner = | children = | relatives = | awards = | signature = | website = }}Werner Bergengruen (September 16, 1892 – September 4, 1964) was a Baltic German novelist and poet. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.[1] Life and careerBergengruen was born in Riga, which at that time belonged to the Russian Empire, Governorate of Livonia. After growing up in Lübeck and attending the Katharineum, he started studying theology in Marburg in 1911. He later changed to studying Germanistics and art history, but failed to graduate; he then moved to Munich. He served as a lieutenant during World War I and joined the Baltische Landeswehr in 1919 to fight against the Bolsheviks. On 4 October 1919, he married Charlotte Hensel (1896–1990), a descendant of the composer Fanny Mendelssohn, and the daughter of the mathematician Kurt Hensel. From the marriage there were four children, Olaf, Luise, Maria and Alexander. Bergengruen started writing novels and short stories in 1923 and decided to become a full-time writer in 1927. While his earlier works were of a more contemplative nature and pondered metaphysical and religious questions, the Nazis' rise to power led him to write more political works. His most successful novel, Der Großtyrann und das Gericht, published in 1935, is set in the Renaissance era, but the story of a merciless tyrant playing with the weaknesses of his underlings was often seen as a clear allegory on Germany's political situation. This interpretation is doubtful, though, as most of the novel was written before the Nazi takeover in 1933. In 1936 Bergengruen was received into the Catholic Church. The same year he moved to Munich; his new neighbour was Carl Muth, editor of the Catholic monthly Hochland. In 1937 he was expelled from the Reichsschrifttumskammer for being unfit to contribute to German culture. Although Bergengruen was politically a staunch conservative, his Catholicism—as well as the fact that his wife was of partly Jewish heritage—contributed to his alienation from the Nazi regime. In 1942, after his house in Munich was destroyed by bombs, Bergengruen moved to Achenkirch. After World War II, he lived in Switzerland, Rome, and finally Baden-Baden, where he died in 1964. Books
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=13601|title=Nomination Database|last=|first=|date=|website=www.nobelprize.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-19}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bergengruen, Werner}} 16 : 1892 births|1964 deaths|People from Riga|People from the Governorate of Livonia|Baltic-German people|Converts to Roman Catholicism from Lutheranism|German Roman Catholics|20th-century German novelists|German poets|German military personnel of World War I|Baltische Landeswehr personnel|Mendelssohn family|Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)|Schiller Memorial Prize winners|German-language poets |
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