“Bene Komare”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Bene Komare

释义

Name
Origin and history
References
Citations Sources

The Bene Komare were a Palmyrene tribe who were attested as one of the main four tribes of Palmyra.

Name

The tribe was known as the Komare (Chomarenoi in Greek) and were only once mentioned with the Greek name Choneitai; both names mean priests.{{sfn|Gawlikowski|2003|p=9}} Komare is the plural of Kumra, which means priest in Aramaic, while Choneitai is the Greek plural of the Canaanite Kohen, which means priest.{{sfn|Gawlikowski|2003|p=9}}

Origin and history

The Canaanite name occurred earlier than the Aramaic one,{{sfn|Veyne|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AAeLDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35 35]}} indicating that they were of Canaanite origin who became established in Palmyra before 32 BC.{{sfn|Teixidor|1977|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=m5Z9BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA121 121]}} They were first mentioned in an inscription from Dura-Europos,{{sfn|Gawlikowski|2003|p=10}} when in 33 BC, Maliku son of Ramu from the Komare in association with a member of the Gaddibol tribe built a temple for Bel and Yarhibol in that city,{{sfn|Teixidor|1979|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=TccUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA27 27]}} which contained a Palmyrene trade colony.{{sfn|Edwell|2008|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=DQgmOZlsEWcC&pg=PA36 36]}} The Komare were one of the main four tribes in Palmyra which constituted the nucleus of the city's society.{{sfn|Teixidor|1977|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=m5Z9BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA107 107]}} An inscription from November 21 AD mention that a certain Hashash son of Nesa from the Komare had a statue erected for him by his tribe and the tribe of Bene-Mattabol for his efforts in reconciling the two tribes who apparently got involved in a conflict.{{sfn|Teixidor|1977|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=m5Z9BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA107 107]}}

The tribe was devoted to the cult of the gods Aglibol and Malakbel,{{sfn|Teixidor|1979|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=TccUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA35 35]}} and were connected with those deities temple known as the Holy Garden.{{sfn|Teixidor|1977|p= 120}}{{sfn|Gawlikowski|2003|p=10}} The Komare were involved in the Palmyrene caravan trade and its merchants were attested in Babylon.{{sfn|Dirven|1999|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=_LfXg2r6FT0C&pg=PA32 32]}}

References

Citations

Sources

{{cite book|first=Lucinda |last=Dirven|title=The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria|series=Religions in the Graeco-Roman World|volume= 138|year=1999|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-11589-7|ISSN=0927-7633|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|first= Peter|last=Edwell|title=Between Rome and Persia: The Middle Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Palmyra Under Roman Control|year=2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-09573-5|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|last=Gawlikowski|first=Michał|editor1-last= Freyberger|editor1-first= Klaus Stefan|editor2-first=Agnes|editor2-last=Henning|editor3-first=Henner|editor3-last=von Hesberg|title=Kulturkonflikte im Vorderen Orient an der Wende vom Hellenismus zur Römischen Kaiserzeit|chapter=Palmyra: From a Tribal Federation to a City|year=2003|publisher=Verlag Marie Leidorf|series=Orient-Archäologie|volume=11|ISSN= 1434-162X|isbn=978-3-896-46641-9|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|first=Javier|last=Teixidor|title=The Pagan God: Popular Religion in the Greco-Roman Near East|year=1977|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-400-87139-1|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|title=The Pantheon of Palmyra|first=Javier|last= Teixidor|publisher=Brill|year= 1979|series=Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'Empire romain|volume=79|isbn= 978-90-04-05987-0|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|first= Paul|last=Veyne|title=Palmyra: An Irreplaceable Treasure|translator-first=Teresa Lavender|translator-last=Fagan|year=2017|origyear=2015|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-45293-7|ref=harv}}

2 : Palmyra|Palmyrene Empire

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