“Bension Kohen”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Rabbi Bension Kohen or haKohen ({{Lang-he-n|בֶּנְצִיּוֹן הַכֹּהֵן}}; born in Djerba, Tunisia, died 1999 in Jerusalem) was a writer of literature on Hebrew grammarian and literature. He was the author of Sfath Emeth, a work on the pronunciation of the Hebrew alphabet. He lived in Jerusalem in close proximity to the Nablus Gate until his death in 1999.

Lineage

In the introduction to his work, Kohen provides a detailed lineage going back over a dozen generations of kohanim born at Djerba. Among his patrilineal ancestors are Rabbi {{ill|Shaul HaKohen|lt=Shaul HaKohen|he|שאול הכהן}} (d. 1848), himself an author of multiple works on Hebrew grammar. Citing a similar lineage table from "Heritage of Yehoyada HaKohen" ({{lang|he|נוריש יהוידע הכהן}}), Kohen claims to trace the family back to Yitzchok HaKohen the Elder, who had emigrated from Israel to Djerba at the Second Temple Destruction.

Sfath Emeth

His flagship work, the Sfath Emeth, was first printed in Jerusalem in 1987,^[1] and has since been praised by his contemporaries as well as halakhic authorities of various Orthodox communities.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}} The work purports to present the authentic pronunciation of the 22 Hebrew letters based on Geonic literature and the work of Hebrew grammarians such as Rav Saadya Gaon, Rabbi Yitzchok Ben Shlomo Yisraeli and the Radak.

Table of pronunciation

Rabbi Kohen's research led him to produce a table of pronunciation. The table has been published (with minor variations than what is listed below) on page 150 of Sfath Emeth:

Hebrew letter

IPA

Similar-sounding Arabic letter

Similar English sound

Jewish community with correct pronunciation

Varying pronunciation error

א - Alef

ʔ}}

button

Most Jewish communities

בּ - Beth

b}}

All Jewish communities

none

ב - Veth

v}}

Non-existent

Ashkenazim, Temanim

בּ and פ

גּ - Gimmel (Degusha)

g}}

Non-existent

Ashkenazim and Sefardim

ج (jīm)

ג - Gimmel

ɣ}}

reason='gh' does not represent a special phoneme in French|date=May 2018}}

Jewish communities of Arabic nationality

Gimmel degusha

דּ - Daleth (Degusha)

d}}

All communities

none

ד - Daleth

ð}}

the

Temanim

Dalet degusha

ה - Hey

h}}

Ashkenazim, Sefardim

Alef

ו - Waw

w}}

Temanim, Iraqi Jews

ז - Zayin

z}}

Most communities

ʒ}} (soft J, like French Jean)

ח - Ḥeth

ħ}}

Non-existent

Jewish communities of Arabic nationality

Chof, Hey

ט - Teth

tˤ}}

Non-existent (T, yet thicker)

Jewish communities of Arabic nationality

Taw degusha

י - Yodh

j}}

All Jewish communities

none

כּ - Kaph

k}}

All Jewish communities

none

כ - Kaph (non degusha, spelled also Chof)

χ}}

Non-existent

All communities

none

ל - Lamedh

l}}

All Jewish communities

none

מ - Mem

m}}

All Jewish communities

none

נ - Nun

n}}

All Jewish communities

none

ס - Samech

s}}

All Jewish communities

none

ע - Ayin

ʢ}}

Non existent

Jewish communities of Arabic nationality

Alef, Gimmel non-degusha

פּ - Peh

p}}

Non existent

Most Jewish communities

Peh (non-degusha), Beth

פ - Peh non-degusha

f}}

All Jewish communities

none

צ - Ṣade

sˤ}}

Non-existent (pronounced as a thicker-sounding S)

Jewish communities of Arabic nationality

Samech, "Tz" sound

ק - Kof

q}}

Non-existent

Iragi and North-African Jewry

Kafh, Gimmel, Alef, Gimmel (non-degusha)

ר Resh

r}}

Non-existent

Eastern-European and Asian Jewry

Gimmel (Non-degusha), (American R)

שׁ Shin

ʃ}}

Most Jewish communities

Samech

שׂ Sin

s}}

Most Jewish communities

Shin

תּ Taw

t}}

All Jewish communities

None

ת Taw (non degusha)

θ}}

Iraqi and Yemenite Jewish communities

Samech, Taw (degusha)

Lineage

Sfath Emeth

Table of pronunciation

See also

References