| 词条 | Westbury (UK Parliament constituency) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Westbury |parliament = uk |map1 = Westbury |map2 = EnglandWiltshire |map_entity = Wiltshire |map_year = 2005 |year = 1449 |abolished = 2010 |type = County |previous = |next = South West Wiltshire, Chippenham |elects_howmany = One (Two 1449-1832) |population = |region = England |county = Wiltshire |european = South West England |towns = Westbury }} Westbury was a parliamentary constituency in Wiltshire from 1449 to 2010. It was represented in the House of Commons of England until 1707, and then in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 2010. Until 1885, it was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1832 and only one from 1832 to 1885. The parliamentary borough was abolished in 1885, when the name was transferred to a county constituency returning one MP. Elections used the bloc vote system when two MPs were returned, and the first-past-the-post system of election when one seat was contested. Westbury returned a Conservative Member at every election after 1924. Boundaries1885-1918: The Sessional Divisions of Bradford-on-Avon, Melksham, Trowbridge, Westbury, and Whorwellsdon, and part of the Sessional Division of Warminster. 1918-1950: The Urban Districts of Bradford-on-Avon, Melksham, Trowbridge, Warminster, and Westbury, and the Rural Districts of Bradford-on-Avon, Melksham, Mere, Warminster, and Westbury and Whorwellsdown. 1950-1974: The Urban Districts of Bradford-on-Avon, Melksham, Trowbridge, Warminster, and Westbury, and the Rural Districts of Bradford-on-Avon and Melksham, Mere and Tisbury, and Warminster and Westbury. 1974-1983: As prior but with redrawn boundaries. 1983-1997: The District of West Wiltshire, and the District of Salisbury wards of Knoyle, Mere, and Western. 1997-2010: The District of West Wiltshire wards of Adcroft, Bradford-on-Avon North, Bradford-on-Avon South, College, Corsley, Dilton Marsh, Drynham, Ethandune, Holt, John O'Gaunt, Manor Vale, Mid Wylye Valley, Park, Paxcroft, Shearwater, Summerham, Warminster East, Warminster West, Weavers, Westbrook, Westbury with Storridge, and Wylye Valley, and the District of Salisbury wards of Knoyle, Mere, and Western. Originally a small pocket borough, covering only a small part of the parish of Westbury, in 1885 the parliamentary borough became a county constituency in Wiltshire. At the time of the constituency's abolition in 2010 it included the towns of Westbury, Warminster, Trowbridge, and Bradford on Avon, and the surrounding rural areas as far south as Mere. Until boundary changes in 1997, it also included Melksham. Boundary review, 2005Following a review of parliamentary representation in Wiltshire, the Boundary Commission for England created two new constituencies in the county. Chippenham was created mostly from the adjoining North Wiltshire constituency, plus the town of Bradford on Avon at the northern end of the Westbury constituency, while the rest of Westbury saw minor changes to its composition and was renamed South West Wiltshire. These changes were approved in 2005, to take effect at the following general election, which ultimately took place in 2010. Members of ParliamentWestbury borough (before 1885)MPs 1449–1640{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
MPs 1640–1832
MPs 1832–1885
Westbury County Constituency (1885-2010)
ElectionsElections in the 1840s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1841: Westbury [50][15]}}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Ralph Lopes }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 291 }}{{Election box gain with party link no swing| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser = Whigs (British political party) }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1847: Westbury [50] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Whigs (British political party) |candidate = James Wilson |votes = 170 |percentage = 53.3 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Matthew Higgins[25] |votes = 149 |percentage = 46.7 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 21 |percentage = 6.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 319 |percentage = 93.3 |change = N/A }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 342 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Whigs (British political party) |loser = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1850s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1852: Westbury [50]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Whigs (British political party) |candidate = James Wilson |votes = 145 |percentage = 51.2 |change = −2.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Massey Lopes |votes = 138 |percentage = 48.8 |change = +2.1 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 7 |percentage = 2.5 |change = −4.1 }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 283 |percentage = 90.1 |change = −3.2 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 314 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Whigs (British political party) |swing = −2.1 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1857: Westbury [50] }}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Massey Lopes }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 342 }}{{Election box gain with party link no swing| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser = Whigs (British political party) }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1859: Westbury [50] }}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Massey Lopes }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 328 }}{{Election box hold with party link no swing| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1860s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1865: Westbury [50]}}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Massey Lopes }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 300 }}{{Election box hold with party link no swing| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1868: Westbury [50] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = John Lewis Phipps |votes = 492 |percentage = 51.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Abraham Laverton |votes = 465 |percentage = 48.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 27 |percentage = 2.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 957 |percentage = 91.5 |change = N/A }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 1,046 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}} The 1868 election was declared void on petition, due to intimidation of the electorate, causing a by-election.[26] {{Election box begin | title=By-election, 27 February 1869: Westbury [50]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Phipps |votes = 499 |percentage = 50.6 |change = −0.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Abraham Laverton |votes = 488 |percentage = 49.4 |change = +0.8 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 11 |percentage = 1.1 |change = −1.7 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 987 |percentage = 94.4 |change = +2.9 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 1,046 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = −0.8 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1870s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1874: Westbury [50]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Abraham Laverton |votes = 540 |percentage = 51.0 |change = +2.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Phipps |votes = 518 |percentage = 49.0 |change = −2.4 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 22 |percentage = 2.1 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 1,058 |percentage = 94.2 |change = +2.7 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 1,123 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |loser =Conservative Party (UK) |swing = +2.4 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1880s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1880: Westbury [27]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Phipps |votes = 559 |percentage = 52.5 |change = +3.5 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Abraham Laverton |votes = 505 |percentage = 47.5 |change = −3.5 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 54 |percentage = 5.1 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 1,064 |percentage = 94.6 |change = +0.4 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 1,125 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +3.5 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1885: Westbury [28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = George Fuller |votes = 5,333 |percentage = 59.4 |change = +11.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Henry Thynne |votes =3,639 |percentage = 40.6 |change = −11.9 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 1,694 |percentage = 18.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 8,972 |percentage = 84.9 |change = −9.7 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,566 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |loser = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = +11.9 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1886: Westbury [28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = George Fuller |votes = 4,663 |percentage = 56.0 |change = −3.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Unionist Party |candidate = Thomas George Palmer Hallett[29] |votes = 3,670 |percentage = 44.0 |change = +3.4 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 993 |percentage = 12.0 |change = −6.8 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 8,333 |percentage = 78.9 |change = −6.0 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,566 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = −3.4 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1890s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1892: Westbury [28]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = George Fuller |votes = 4,554 |percentage = 53.7 |change = −2.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = William Henry Laverton |votes =3,930 |percentage = 46.3 |change = +2.3 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 624 |percentage = 7.4 |change = −4.6 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 8,484 |percentage = 77.2 |change = −1.7 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,989 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = −2.3 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1895: Westbury [28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Richard Chaloner |votes =4,497 |percentage = 50.9 |change = +4.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = George Fuller |votes = 4,331 |percentage = 49.1 |change = -4.6 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 166 |percentage = 1.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 8,828 |percentage = 90.3 |change = +13.1 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 9,777 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +4.6 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1900s{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1900: Westbury [28]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Fuller |votes = 4,520 |percentage = 53.3 |change = +4.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Richard Chaloner |votes =3,961 |percentage = 46.7 |change = −4.2 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 559 |percentage = 6.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 8,481 |percentage = 86.7 |change = −3.6 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 9,782 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |loser = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = +4.2 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1906: Westbury [28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Fuller |votes = 5,264 |percentage = 58.2 |change = +4.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Edward Plunkett |votes =3,788 |percentage = 41.8 |change = -4.9 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 1,476 |percentage = 16.4 |change = +9.8 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 9,052 |percentage = 89.4 |change = +2.7 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,130 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +4.9 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 1906: Westbury [28] }}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Fuller }}{{Election box hold with party link no swing| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1910s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election January 1910: Westbury[28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Fuller |votes = 5,187 |percentage = 53.9 |change = −4.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = R. C. C. Long |votes = 4,433 |percentage = 46.1 |change = +4.3 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 754 |percentage = 7.8 |change = −8.6 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 9,620 |percentage = 92.4 |change = +3.0 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,411 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = −4.3 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election December 1910: Westbury[28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Fuller |votes = 5,041 |percentage =54.8 |change =+0.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =George Llewellen Palmer |votes =4,152 |percentage =45.2 |change =−0.9 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =889 |percentage =9.6 |change =+1.8 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 9,193 |percentage =88.3 |change = −4.1 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,411 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +0.9 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=Westbury by-election, 1911[28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Geoffrey Howard |votes = 5,073 |percentage =53.0 |change = −1.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =George Llewellen Palmer |votes =4,492 |percentage =47.0 |change =+1.8 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =581 |percentage =6.0 |change = −3.6 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes =9,565 |percentage =90.1 |change =+1.8 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,612 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = −1.8 }}{{Election box end}}General Election 1914/15 Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
}}{{Election box candidate with party link coalition 1918| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate =George Llewellen Palmer |votes =9,261 |percentage =49.1 |change = +3.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Geoffrey Howard |votes = 6,064 |percentage =32.1 |change = −22.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate =Ernest Bennett |votes =3,537 |percentage =18.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes =3,197 |percentage =17.0 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 18,862 |percentage =64.6 |change = −23.7 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Unionist Party (UK) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing =+13.3 }}{{Election box end 1918}} Elections in the 1920s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1922 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Darbishire |votes = 9,903 |percentage = 41.7 |change = +9.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate = George Llewellen Palmer |votes = 9,262 |percentage = 39.0 |change = -10.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 4,572 |percentage = 19.3 |change = +0.5 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 641 |percentage = 2.7 |change = n/a }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 81.0 |change = +16.4 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |loser = Unionist Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 6 December 1923: Westbury }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Darbishire |votes = 10,867 |percentage = 43.2 |change = +1.5 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate = Walter William Shaw |votes = 9,891 |percentage = 39.4 |change = +0.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 4,372 |percentage = 17.4 |change = -1.9 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =976 |percentage =3.8 |change =+1.1 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 83.5 |change = +2.5 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +0.6 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1924 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate = Walter William Shaw |votes = 11,559 |percentage = 44.2 |change = +4.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Darbishire |votes = 9,848 |percentage = 37.7 |change = -5.5 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 4,731 |percentage = 18.1 |change = +0.7 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 1,711 |percentage = 6.5 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 84.9 |change = +1.4 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Unionist Party (UK) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=Westbury by-election, 1927 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate = Richard Long |votes = 10,623 |percentage = 40.1 |change = -4.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Harcourt Johnstone |votes = 10,474 |percentage = 39.5 |change = +1.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 5,396 |percentage = 20.4 |change = +2.3 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 149 |percentage = 0.6 |change = -5.9 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 84.6 |change = -0.3 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Unionist Party (UK) |loser = |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1929: Westbury }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Unionist Party (UK) |candidate = Richard Long |votes = 12,907 |percentage = 38.8 |change = -1.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Harcourt Johnstone |votes = 12,840 |percentage = 38.7 |change = -0.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 7,458 |percentage = 22.5 |change = +2.1 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 67 |percentage = 0.1 |change = -0.5 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 87.1 |change = +2.5 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Unionist Party (UK) |swing = -0.3 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1930s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1931: Westbury }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 16,949 |percentage = 51.2 |change = +12.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Hobbis Harris |votes = 11,014 |percentage = 33.3 |change = -5.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Maurice Hackett |votes = 5,127 |percentage = 15.5 |change = -7.0 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 5,935 |percentage = 17.9 |change = +17.8 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 33,090 |percentage = 85.4 |change = -1.7 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = +8.9 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1935: Westbury }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 15,804 |percentage = 49.0 |change = -2.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Charles Byers |votes = 10,789 |percentage = 33.5 |change = +0.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = R St John Reade |votes = 5,641 |percentage = 17.5 |change = +2.0 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 5,015 |percentage = 15.6 |change = -2.4 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 32,234 |percentage = 80.1 |change = -5.3 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser = |swing = -1.2 }}{{Election box end}}General Election 1939/40 Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;
Elections in the 1940s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1945 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 14,328 |percentage = 39.0 |change = -10.0 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = George Ward |votes = 13,397 |percentage = 36.5 |change = +19.0 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Walter Geoffrey Milne |votes = 9,004 |percentage = 24.5 |change = -9.0 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 931 |percentage = 2.5 |change = 13.1 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 75.5 |change = -4.6 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = -14.5 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1950s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1950: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 17,445 |percentage = 39.5 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Reginald James Travess |votes = 15,766 |percentage = 35.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Harold Banning Richardson |votes = 11,031 |percentage = 24.9 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 1,679 |percentage = 3.9 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 86.3 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1951: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 19,654 |percentage = 43.7 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Reginald James Travess |votes = 17,623 |percentage = 39.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Harold Banning Richardson |votes = 7,666 |percentage = 17.1 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,031 |percentage = 4.5 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 86.2 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1955: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 19,684 |percentage = 45.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Reginald James Travess |votes = 16,295 |percentage = 37.8 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Peter LM Hurd |votes = 7,165 |percentage = 16.6 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 3,389 |percentage = 7.86 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 82.4 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1959: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Grimston |votes = 20,396 |percentage = 45.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Jasper Ridley |votes = 14,570 |percentage = 32.5 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Basil Wigoder |votes = 9,816 |percentage = 21.9 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 5,826 |percentage = 13.1 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 84.1 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1960s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1964: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 19,950 |percentage = 43.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Philip William Hopkins |votes = 15,049 |percentage =32.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Basil Wigoder |votes = 11,232 |percentage =24.3 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 4,901 |percentage = 10.5 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 82.8 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1966: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 20,989 |percentage = 43.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Philip William Hopkins |votes = 18,192 |percentage = 37.8 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Iain Meiklejohn Fowler |votes = 8,962 |percentage = 18.6 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,797 |percentage = 5.8 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 82.5 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1970s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1970: Westbury[33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 26,524 |percentage = 50.3 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = John McLaren |votes = 17,413 |percentage = 33.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Robert George Otter |votes = 8,781 |percentage = 16.7 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 9,111 |percentage = 17.3 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 52,718 |percentage = 77. |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election February 1974: Westbury [34] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 26,197 |percentage = 43.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = A W Glyn Court |votes = 17,778 |percentage = 29.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Anthony J Smith |votes = 16,453 |percentage = 27.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Wessex Regionalist Party |candidate = Alexander Thynn |votes = 521 |percentage = 0.8 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 8,419 |percentage = 13.8 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 83.5 |change = }}{{Election box win |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election October 1974: Westbury [35] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 24,172 |percentage = 41.7 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = A W Glyn Court |votes = 18,129 |percentage = 31.3 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Anthony J Smith |votes = 15,613 |percentage = 27.0 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 6,043 |percentage = 10.4 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 78.7 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1979: Westbury [36] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 29,929 |percentage = 47.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = P Jackson |votes = 15,950 |percentage = 25.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = PR Atkins |votes = 12,532 |percentage = 19.8 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = S Alexander |votes = 2,547 |percentage = 4.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Wessex Regionalist Party |candidate = Tom Thatcher |votes = 1,905 |percentage = 3.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Ecology Party (UK) |candidate = Sally Rodwell |votes = 554 |percentage = 0.9 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 13,979 |percentage = 22.0 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 79.7 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 1983: Westbury[37][33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Dennis Walters |votes = 31,133 |percentage = 51.4 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = David J. Hughes |votes = 22,627 |percentage = 37.4 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = HW Thomas |votes = 6,058 |percentage = 10.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Ecology Party (UK) |candidate = Paul W. Ekins |votes = 609 |percentage = 1.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Wessex Regionalist Party |candidate = John C. Banks |votes = 131 |percentage = 0.2 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 8,506 |percentage = 14.0 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 75.5 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Elections 1983–2005{{Compact election box begin}}{{Compact election box| election_title = General election 2005 | election_note = | election_ref = [38] | electorate = 82,380 | turnout_votes = 55,604 | turnout_percent = 67.0 | turnout_change = +0.4 | majority_votes = 5,346 | majority_percent = 9.6 | majority_change = −0.9 | result = hold | swing = 0.4% | swing_from = Conservative Party (UK) | swing_to = Liberal Democrats (UK) | winner = Andrew Murrison | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 24,749 | winner_percent = 44.5 | winner_change = +2.4 | candidate2 = Duncan Hames | candidate2_party = Liberal Democrats (UK) | candidate2_votes = 19,400 | candidate2_percent = 34.9 | candidate2_change = +3.3 | candidate3 = Phil Gibby | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 9,640 | candidate3_percent = 17.3 | candidate3_change = −4.1 | candidate4 = Lincoln Williams | candidate4_party = United Kingdom Independence Party | candidate4_votes = 1,815 | candidate4_percent = 3.3 | candidate4_change = +0.8 }}{{Compact election box | election_title = General election 2001 | election_note = | election_ref = [39] | electorate = 76,056 | turnout_votes = 50,628 | turnout_percent = 66.6 | turnout_change = −9.6 | majority_votes = 5,294 | majority_percent = 10.5 | majority_change = −0.2 | result = hold | swing = 0.1 | swing_from = Conservative Party (UK) | swing_to = Liberal Democrats (UK) | winner = Andrew Murrison | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 21,299 | winner_percent = 42.1 | winner_change = +1.5 | candidate2 = David Vigar | candidate2_party = Liberal Democrats (UK) | candidate2_votes = 16,005 | candidate2_percent = 31.6 | candidate2_change = +1.7 | candidate3 = Sarah Cardy | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 10,847 | candidate3_percent = 21.4 | candidate3_change = +0.3 | candidate4 = Charles Booth-Jones | candidate4_party = United Kingdom Independence Party | candidate4_votes = 1,261 | candidate4_percent = 2.5 | candidate4_change = +1.1 | candidate5 = Bob Gledhill | candidate5_party = Green Party of England and Wales | candidate5_votes = 1,216 | candidate5_percent = 2.4 | candidate5_change = N/A }}{{Compact election box | election_title = General election 1997 | election_note = | election_ref = [40] | electorate = 74,457 | turnout_votes = 56,751 | turnout_percent = 76.2 | turnout_change = −6.6 | majority_votes = 6,068 | majority_percent = 10.7 | majority_change = −6.7 | result = hold | swing = 3.4 | swing_from = Conservative Party (UK) | swing_to = Liberal Democrats (UK) | winner = David Faber | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 23,037 | winner_percent = 40.6 | winner_change = −9.8 | candidate2 = John Miller | candidate2_party = Liberal Democrats (UK) | candidate2_votes = 16,969 | candidate2_percent = 29.9 | candidate2_change = −3.1 | candidate3 = Kevin Small | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 11,969 | candidate3_percent = 21.1 | candidate3_change = +7.8 | candidate4 = George Hawkins | candidate4_party = Liberal Party (UK, 1989) | candidate4_votes = 1,956 | candidate4_percent = 3.4 | candidate4_change = +1.4 | candidate5 = Nick Hawkings-Byass | candidate5_party = Referendum Party | candidate5_votes = 1,909 | candidate5_percent = 3.4 | candidate5_change = N/A | candidate6 = R. Westbury | candidate6_party = United Kingdom Independence Party | candidate6_votes = 771 | candidate6_percent = 1.4 | candidate6_change = N/A | candidate7 = Colin Haysom | candidate7_party = Natural Law Party | candidate7_votes = 140 | candidate7_percent = 0.2 | candidate7_change = N/A }}{{Compact election box | election_title = General election 1992 | election_note = | election_ref = [41] | electorate = 87,356 | turnout_votes = 72,488 | turnout_percent = 82.8 | turnout_change = +4.3 | majority_votes = 12,618 | majority_percent = 17.4 | majority_change = +2.2 | result = hold | loser_party = | swing = 1.1 | swing_from = Liberal Democrats (UK) | swing_to = Conservative Party (UK) | winner = David Faber | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 36,568 | winner_percent = 50.4 | winner_change = −1.1 | candidate2 = Vivienne A. Rayner | candidate2_party = Liberal Democrats (UK) | candidate2_votes = 23,950 | candidate2_percent = 33.0 | candidate2_change = −3.3 | candidate3 = William Stallard | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 9,642 | candidate3_percent = 13.3 | candidate3_change = +1.3 | candidate4 = Paul I. Macdonald | candidate4_party = Liberal Party (UK, 1989) | candidate4_votes = 1,440 | candidate4_percent = 2.0 | candidate4_change = −34.4 | candidate5 = Patrick R. French | candidate5_party = Green Party of England and Wales | candidate5_votes = 888 | candidate5_percent = 1.2 | candidate5_change = +1.2 }}{{Compact election box | election_title = General election 1987 | election_note = | election_ref = [42] | electorate = 84,860 | turnout_votes = 66,397 | turnout_percent = 78.2 | turnout_change = | majority_votes = 10,097 | majority_percent = 15.2 | majority_change = +1.1 | result = hold | swing = 0.1 | swing_from = Liberal Party (UK) | swing_to = Conservative Party (UK) | winner = Dennis Walters | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 34,256 | winner_percent = 51.6 | winner_change = −0.2 | candidate2 = David J. Hughes | candidate2_party = Liberal Party (UK) | candidate2_votes = 24,159 | candidate2_percent = 36.4 | candidate2_change = −1.0 | candidate3 = H. W. Thomas | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 7,982 | candidate3_percent = 12.0 | candidate3_change = +2.0 }}{{Compact election box | election_title = General election 1983 | election_note = | election_ref = [43] | electorate = 80,244 | turnout_votes = 60,558 | turnout_percent = 75.47 | turnout_change = | majority_votes = 8,506 | majority_percent = 14.05 | majority_change = | result = hold | swing = | swing_from = | swing_to = Conservative Party (UK) | winner = Dennis Walters | winner_party = Conservative Party (UK) | winner_votes = 31,133 | winner_percent = 51.41 | winner_change = +4.37 | candidate2 = David Hughes | candidate2_party = Liberal Party (UK) | candidate2_votes = 22,627 | candidate2_percent = 37.36 | candidate2_change = +12.22 | candidate3 = Haydn Thomas | candidate3_party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate3_votes = 6,058 | candidate3_percent = 10.00 | candidate3_change = -9.81 | candidate4 = Paul Ekins | candidate4_party = Ecology Party | candidate4_votes = 609 | candidate4_percent = 1.01 | candidate4_change = N/A | candidate5 = John Banks | candidate5_party = Wessex Regionalist Party | candidate5_votes = 131 | candidate5_percent = 0.22 | candidate5_change = N.A }}{{Compact election box end}} Notes and referencesCraig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. {{ISBN|0-900178-06-X}}. 1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web | url= http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/constituencies/westbury |title= History of Parliament| publisher = History of Parliament Trust| accessdate = 2011-10-27}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web | url= http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/constituencies/westbury |title= History of Parliament| publisher = History of Parliament Trust| accessdate = 2011-10-27}} 3. ^Wilfrid Prest, ‘Ley, James, first earl of Marlborough (1550–1629)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004|| online edn, Jan 2008 , accessed 22 Jan 2009. 4. ^1 2 {{rayment-hc|w|2|date=March 2012}} 5. ^Expelled from the House of Commons for corrupt misuse of Parliamentary Privilege 6. ^1 In December 1702,William Trenchard and Thomas Phipps were returned. A petition was lodged, and the result was overturned on 1 December 1702 in favour of Robert Bertie and Henry Bertie 7. ^1 At the general election in January 1715, Willoughby Bertie and Francis Annesley were returned. A petition was lodged, and the result was overturned on 1 June 1715 in favour of the runners-up Lord Carbery and Charles Allanson 8. ^1 At the 1722 general election, James Bertie was also elected for Middlesex, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Westbury. A by-election for his seat was held in March 1723 9. ^1 At the 1747 general election, John Bance and Paul Methuen were returned. A petition was lodged, and the result was overturned on 16 March 1748 in favour of the runners-up Chauncy Townsend and Paul Methuen 10. ^The by-election in 1753 was caused by the death of Matthew Michell 11. ^The by-election in 1770 was caused by the appointment of William Blackstone as a judge of the King's Bench 12. ^later Regius Professor of Civil Law at Oxford 13. ^Created a baronet, December 1782 14. ^Ellis was also elected for Seaford, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Westbury 15. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last1=Stooks Smith |first1=Henry |title=The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive |date=1845 |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. |location=London |pages=121–123 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HacQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA121 |via=Google Books |accessdate=22 December 2018}} 16. ^{{cite book|first1=Edward|last1=Churton|author-link1=Edward Churton|title=The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1838|date=1838|page=38|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FVwEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA38 |via=Google Books |accessdate=22 December 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web |title=John Ivatt Briscoe |url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/1674136764 |website=Legacies of British Slave-ownership |publisher=University College London |accessdate=18 August 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web |title=Pamphlet: A Letter on the Nature and Effects of the Tread-Wheel |url=https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/a-letter-on-the-nature-and-effects-of-the-tread-wheel |website=British Library |accessdate=18 August 2018}} 19. ^{{cite book|title=The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: With An Abstract of the Law of Election, and the Usages of Parliament |author=A Member of the Middle Temple |publisher= Scott, Webster, and Geary |location = London|date=1838|pages=38, 70|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FVwEAAAAQAAJ |via=Google Books}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=The General Election|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000174/18470724/014/0003|accessdate=6 May 2018|work=Morning Post|date=24 July 1847|page=3|via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}} 21. ^{{cite web|last1=Rosser|first1=Alexander S.|title=Businessmen in the House of Commons: A Comparative Study of the 1852–1857 and the 1895–1900 Parliaments|url=https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/5516/Rosser_ku_0099D_10435_DATA_1.pdf;sequence=1|website=KU Scholar Works|publisher=University of Kansas|accessdate=22 July 2018|page=65|date=2009}} 22. ^{{cite book|last1=Roberts|first1=F. David|title=The Social Conscience of the Early Victorians|date=2002|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford|isbn=9780804780933|page=123|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EUNMDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT123&lpg=PT123|accessdate=22 July 2018 |via= Google Books}} 23. ^The election of 1868 was held void on petition, and a by-election held 24. ^Created a baronet, 1952 25. ^{{cite news |title=Local Intelligence |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000361/18470731/014/0003 |accessdate=22 December 2018 |work=Salisbury and Winchester Journal |date=31 July 1847 |page=3 |via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}} 26. ^{{cite news|title=Election Petitions|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000645/18690206/056/0004|accessdate=22 March 2018|work=Bolton Evening News|date=6 February 1869|page=4|via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}} 27. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|editor1-last=Craig|editor1-first=F. W. S.|editor-link=F. W. S. Craig|title=British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885|date=1977|publisher=Macmillan Press|location=London|isbn=978-1-349-02349-3|edition=1st|format=e-book|page=326}} 28. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|editor1-last=Craig|editor1-first=F. W. S.|editor-link=F. W. S. Craig|title=British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918|date=1974|publisher=Macmillan Press|location=London|isbn=9781349022984|page=417}} 29. ^{{cite news|title=West Wilts Parliamentary Election|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001558/18860702/060/0004|accessdate=14 December 2017|date=2 July 1886|page=4|work=Warminster and Westbury Journal and Wilts County Advertiser|via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}} 30. ^British parliamentary election results 1918-1949, Craig, F. W. S. (1974) 31. ^The Liberal Magazine, 1939 32. ^Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939 33. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1973 34. ^The Times, House of Commons 35. ^The Times, House of Commons 36. ^The Times, House of Commons 37. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 1983|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054231/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 38. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge05/i21.htm |title=UK General Election results May 2005 |work=Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources |accessdate=1 February 2011}} 39. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/constit/505.htm |title=Westbury: General Election result, June 2001 |work=Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources |accessdate=1 February 2011}} 40. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/constit/505.htm |title=Westbury: General Election result, May 1997 |work=Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources |accessdate=1 February 2011}} 41. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge92/ge92index.htm |title=UK General Election results April 1992 |work=Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources |accessdate=6 Dec 2010}} 42. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge87/i21.htm |title=UK General Election results June 1987 |work=Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources |accessdate=1 February 2011}} 43. ^{{cite web|title='Westbury', June 1983 up to May 1997|url=http://electionweb.co.uk/Bp/P83617.htm|website=ElectionWeb Project|publisher=Cognitive Computing Limited|accessdate=14 March 2016}} Sources
4 : Parliamentary constituencies in Wiltshire (historic)|1449 establishments in England|United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies disestablished in 2010|Westbury, Wiltshire |
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