“Western States Endurance Run”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Western States Endurance Run, known commonly as the Western States 100, is a 100-mile (161 km) ultramarathon that takes place on California's Sierra Nevada Mountains trails each year on the last full weekend of June. The race starts at the base of the Squaw Valley ski resort and finishes at the Placer High School track in Auburn, California. The terrain is quite rugged, frequently showcasing snow on the highest passes, and record hot temperatures throughout the course.^[1] Runners ascend a cumulative total of 18,090 feet (5500 m) and descend a total of 22,970 feet (7000 m) on mountain trails before reaching the finish. Because of the length, the race commences at 5 a.m. and continues through the day and into the night. Runners finishing before the 30-hour time limit for the race receive a commemorative bronze belt buckle, while runners finishing in under 24 hours receive a silver belt buckle.

The Western States 100 is sponsored by Altra, a Utah athletic footwear company,^[2] and is one of the five 100-mile races that comprise the Grand Slam of Ultrarunning, which also includes the Old Dominion 100, Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run, the Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run in Utah, and the Leadville Trail 100 in Colorado.

History

The Western States Trail Ride was first completed on foot by seven soldiers from Fort Riley, Kansas during the 1972 event, proving that the 100-mile mountain course could be marched in less than two days.^[3] In 1974 Gordy Ainsleigh was the first to run it in under twenty-four hours. Ainsleigh had finished the Western States Trail Ride (Tevis Cup) in 1971 and 1972 on horseback, but in 1973 his new horse was pulled with lameness at the 29-mile checkpoint. In 1974, with the inspiration and encouragement of Drucilla Barner, the first woman to win the Tevis Cup and Secretary of the Western States Trail Foundation, Gordy joined the horses of the Western States Trail Ride to see if he could complete the course on foot in under twenty-four hours. Twenty-three hours and forty-two minutes later Gordy arrived in Auburn, proving that a runner could indeed, travel the 100 miles in one day.

In 1975, Ron Kelley ran the Tevis Cup course along with the horses, and completed 97 miles (157 km) of the course before dropping out. In 1976, Ken "Cowman" Shirk became the next to complete the course along with the horses, with Ainsleigh pacing him the last 25 miles.

Sixteen runners signed up for the first official Western States Endurance Run in 1977, and started along with the horses in the Tevis Cup. Thirteen of the 16 had dropped out or were pulled by the midpoint that year. Of the three remaining runners, only Andy Gonzales finished in the 24-hour time limit set for the horses. The other two, Peter Mattei and Ralph Paffenbarger, finished in 28 hours and 36 minutes (unofficially), leading to the establishment of the 30-hour bronze buckle time limit for runners. The Run organization later became its own entity: The Western States Endurance Run Foundation.

The following year, 1978, 63 runners competed and 30 runners finished the first Western States Endurance Run. The race was held on a separate date, independent of the Tevis Cup Trail Ride.

As the event grew in notoriety, a lottery system was created in 1981 to allocate the available positions. A limited number of entries will be reserved to the top two men and the top two women finishers of the five Altra Golden Ticket Series races^[4] and the top-ten finishers of the preceding Western States race. After the few select entries are awarded, a lottery is then held to fill the field from a pool of qualified applicants. In 2017, a wait list was implemented with replacement runners selected from the wait list to ensure that the 369 allowable starting spots are completely filled.

In 1984, the Granite Chief Wilderness was created under the provisions of the 1964 Wilderness Act, and about four miles (6 km) of the trail were within the new boundaries. The wilderness designation would normally mean that the Forest Service would not be able to allow organized events in the area. In 1988, however, the Endurance Run (and the original Trail Ride) was finally given Congressional permission to continue, but with the number of runners limited to 369, the size of the 1984 field.

Results

Tim Twietmeyer, an ultra-marathoner from California completed the race a record 25 times, all in under 24 hours, and winning the race five times.

In 2008 the run was canceled due to bad air quality and smoke from an unprecedented number of wildfires.^[6]

The 2009 winners of the race were Hal Koerner and Anita Ortiz. In 2010, Geoff Roes overtook Anton Krupicka at the Brown's Bar checkpoint with 10.1 miles to go to win the race and set a new course record with 15:07:04. Tracy Garneau won the women's race in 19:01:55. Amy Palmiero-Winters, a transtibial amputee, became the first amputee in history to complete the race, in 27:43:10.

In 2012, Ellie Greenwood bested the seemingly unbreakable course record set by Ann Trason in 1994 by nearly an hour with a new record time of 16:47:19. The same year, Timothy Olson ran a sub 15 hour race (14:46:44) and in the process, broke the previous course record that was set by Geoff Roes in 2010.

In 2016, Andrew Miller, 20, became the youngest male winner of the Western States 100.

For the 2018 year, Jim Walmsley broke the course record and ended a streak of failed attempts with a 14:30:04 finish. Jim was reportedly delayed by a few minutes at 95 miles by a mother bear and cubs on the trail^[7].

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.wser.org/weather/|title=Weather – Western States Endurance Run|website=www.wser.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-12}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wser.org/2015/10/27/altra-named-exclusive-footwear-sponsor/ |title=Altra Named Exclusive Footwear Sponsor of Western States 100 |publisher=Western States Endurance Run Foundation |accessdate=2016-07-26 }}
3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/151102453/|title=Seven Finish Trail Ride|last=|first=|date=August 3, 1972|work=Reno-Gazette Journal|access-date=}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.wser.org/golden-ticket-races/|title=Altra Golden Ticket Races – Western States Endurance Run|website=www.wser.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-12}}
5. ^Western States 100 Record Holders
6. ^{{cite news|title= Wildfires' smoke, ash chokes Northern Californians| url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/06/28/wildfires.ap/|accessdate=2008-07-07|date=2008-06-28|author=Associated Press|publisher=CNN}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
7. ^[https://www.irunfar.com/2018/06/jim-walmsley-2018-western-states-100-champion-irunfar-interview.html Jim Walmsley, 2018 Western States 100 Champion, Interview]
8. ^¹Western States 100 Results 1974-present

History

Results

References

External links