| 词条 | Billardiera fusiformis | |
| 释义 |
| image = Billardiera fusimormis MD.jpg | image_caption = Lectotype[1] | genus = Billardiera | species = fusiformis | authority = Labill.[2]v[1] |range_map = BillardierafusiformisDistributionMap8.png |range_map_caption=Occurrence data from AVH | synonyms =Billardiera elongata Schnizl. Billardiera salicifolia (Marnock) F.Cels Sollya fusiformis (Labill.) Payer Sollya salicifolia Marnock |synonyms_ref=[2] }}Billardiera fusiformis (Australian bluebell) is a species of plant in the family, Pittosporaceae, which is endemic to Western Australia.[1] DescriptionB. fusiformis is a sturdy climber, which flowers from November to February with blue, white or pink flowers. It is found in coastal areas, and disturbed areas.[1]It is a long-lived climbing plant which is rarely bushy in habit. New stems are greenish in colour and densely hairy, while older stems are reddish brown. The long leaves are almost stalkless, have entire margins and are softly hairy. The nodding blue flowers occur in small clusters at the branch tips. These flowers have five petals and five yellowish stamens which are pressed to each other. The cylindrical fruit are narrowed towards each end, making the shape of a splndle (fusiform), and are dark green or purplish.[7] B. fusiformis can be distinguished from B. heterophylla by:its climbing or twining habit (it is rarely shrubby) and its relatively narrow adult leaves which are entire and almost stalkless. Its flower sepals are all about the same size and the anthers are noticeably longer than their filaments, and its somewhat spindle-shaped (i.e. fusiform) fruit; Distribution and habitatIn Western Australia, it is found in the IBRA regions: Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Swan Coastal Plain, Warren.[1] Weed statusThe species has been cultivated as a garden plant, and has now become a significant weed in Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, New South Wales and the ACT.[7] It invades woodlands, forests, shrublands, and grasslands, smothering ground flora and small shrubs, with large numbers of seedlings emerging in already infested areas, following fires.[3] The seed is also spread by small native mammals (potoroos, quokkas, bush rats) eating the fruits, with the seed becoming more viable after ingestion.[12] TaxonomyB. fusiformis was first described by Jacques-Julien Houtou de Labillardière in 1805.[2] Cayzer et. al. (2004)[1], being unable to locate the type specimen, designated the lectotype as being the illustration (tab. 90)[2] given in "Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen".[1]EtymologyThe genus name, Billardiera, honours the French botanist Jacques-Julien Houtou de Labillardière who was the first to describe so many Australian plants.[1] The specific epithet is derived from the Latin: fusiformis, -e: shaped like a spindle, that is, swollen in the middle and tapering at each end, and refers to the shape of the fruits.[4] GalleryReferences1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/25798|title=FloraBase Billardiera fusiformis|accessdate=29 June 2018|publisher=Western Australian Herbarium, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.}} [5][6][7]2. ^Govaerts, R. et. al. (2018) {{cite web |title=Plants of the World online Billardiera fusiformis |url=http://plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684259-1 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|accessdate=5 July 2018}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=Billardiera fusiformis |url=https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/billardiera_fusiformis.htm |website=Weeds of Australia Biosecurity Queensland Edition |accessdate=30 June 2018}} 4. ^Eckel, P.M. (2010-2018) {{cite web |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=fusiformis|title=A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin: fusiformis,-e|accessdate=4 December 2018|publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 Cayzer, L, Crisp, M, Telford, I (2004) [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ian_Telford/publication/230803073_Cladistic_analysis_and_revision_of_Billardiera_Pittosporaceae/links/0f317533352722d32d000000/Cladistic-analysis-and-revision-of-Billardiera-Pittosporaceae.pdf Cladistic analysis and revision of Billardiera (Pittosporaceae).] Australian Systematic Botany 17, 83-125. 6. ^1 2 3 de Labillardière J.J.H. (1805) [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40848126 Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen 1. (p.65)] [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40848301 Tab. 90.] (Paris) 7. ^1 Cochrane, J.A., Friend, J.A., Hill, S.J.E. (2005) [https://www.rswa.org.au/publications/Journal/88(4)/vol88pt4cochraneetal191-196.pdf Endozoochory and the Australian bluebell: comsumption of Billardiera fusiformis (Labill.) Payer (Pittosporaceae) seeds by three mammal species at Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Western Australia.] Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88, 191-196. }} External links
volume=1|issue=3|pages=266–269}}
volume=2|issue=4|pages=184-189}}
4 : Billardiera|Plants described in 1805|Taxa named by Jacques Labillardière|Endemic flora of Western Australia |
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