词条 | West Ham United F.C. Under-23s and Academy |
释义 |
| clubname = West Ham United Under-23s | image = | fullname = West Ham United Football Club (Under-23s) | nickname = The Irons The Hammers The Academy of Football | short name = WHU U23s | founded = | ground = Victoria Road, Dagenham, England | capacity = 6,078 | owner = David Sullivan (51.1%) David Gold (35.1%) Other Investors (13.8%)[1] | chairman = | manager = Terry Westley | league = Premier League 2 | season = 2016–17 | position = Premier League 2 Division 2, 5th (promoted) | pattern_la1 = _westham1819h | pattern_b1 = _westham1819h | pattern_ra1 = _westham1819h | pattern_sh1 = _westham1819h | pattern_so1 = _westh1819h | leftarm1=7acbe5 | body1=7f0000 | rightarm1=7acbe5 | shorts1=FFFFFF | socks1=FFFFFF | pattern_la2 = _westh1819a | pattern_b2 = _westh1819a | pattern_ra2 = _westh1819a | pattern_sh2 = _westh1819a | pattern_so2 = _westh1819a | leftarm2=000000 | body2=000000 | rightarm2=000000 | shorts2=000000 | socks2=000000 | pattern_la3 = _westham1819t | pattern_b3 = _westham1819t | pattern_ra3 = _westham1819t | pattern_sh3 = _westham1819t | pattern_so3 = _whufc1819tLong | leftarm3 = FFFFFF | body3 = FFFFFF | rightarm3 = FFFFFF | shorts3 = FFFFFF | socks3 = 7BCCE6 | website = http://www.whufc.com/teams/development-squad/squad }} The Academy of West Ham United F.C. is recognised as one of the most successful in modern football, hence its nickname the Academy of Football.[2] The introduction of the FA's new Academy system in 1998 has placed even more emphasis on the developing of young homegrown players and today the youth system at West Ham is more important than it has ever been.[3] With the influx of many foreign players in the Premier League during modern times, West Ham United has been regarded as one of the few remaining clubs in top flight to continue producing and playing homegrown English players. The Under-23 team is the most senior of West Ham's youth squads. The Under-23 team is effectively the club's second-string side, but is limited to three outfield players and one goalkeeper over the age of 23 per game following the introduction of new regulations from the 2012–13 season.[4] They play in Premier League 2 and also compete in the Checkatrade Trophy. The Academy of Football'The Academy of Football' , or just 'The Academy', is a nickname of West Ham United.[5][6][7] The title pays homage to the success of the club in coaching talented young players.[6][7][8] The title, originally attributed to the club by the press, has since been officially adopted by the club and is displayed in several prominent places around the stadium such as being printed beside the club crest on the artificial surface surrounding the pitch at Upton Park. The original tribute intended to reference the entire culture of the club, in much the same way as the Liverpool "Boot Room". It was not solely reserved for the education of young players, but also for the development of a modern approach to football from the roots up, as inspired by the success of the Hungarian national team featuring Ferenc Puskás that had humiliated England 6–3, and the great Real Madrid side of the late 1950s that dominated the European Cup. Academy historyThe 'Academy of Football' term was first used in the early years of Ron Greenwood's reign as West Ham manager (1961–1974). Greenwood had inherited a young team of players from Ted Fenton and the club was noted for its reliance on home grown talent with Bobby Moore, Martin Peters, Geoff Hurst, John Lyall, Ronnie Boyce, John Sissons, Alan Sealey and Harry Redknapp all in the first team or periphery. Further foundations had been laid with stalwart Ken Brown at the back, Malcolm Musgrove on the left wing (who was to leave in the second season), and the addition of John "Budgie" Byrne up front. The true heritage of this side, however, owed its pedigree to the practices put in place by the previous manager. Fenton was praised as a forward thinking manager. He pushed for the establishment of "The Academy" that brought through a series of young players to augment a side that could not be improved with the limited finances available. Two of the signings he did manage to make were those of John Dick and Malcolm Allison. Other players of the day included John Bond, Dave Sexton, Jimmy Andrews and Frank O'Farrell (later swapped for Eddie Lewis) and Tommy Moroney all part of an original 'Cafe Cassettari' club started by Fenton as a result of the restrictive budget.[9] {{rquote|right|"There [Cafe Cassettari], Allison would hold court and the players would exchange views on the game and make tactical plans around the dinner table, illustrating their ideas with the use of salt and pepper pots. The culmination of those years of hard work, on and off the field, was the Second Division championship in 1958 – the springboard to great cup successes at a much higher level in the mid-60s ... no one should underestimate the positive influence of Malcolm Allison's earlier role in Hammers' history."|West Ham Club History| John Hellier[12]}}Cafe Cassettari sat opposite the Boleyn Ground, and Fenton organised a deal that saw meals and a warm welcome for the players of the club at a price the club could manage. It became a place for routine discussion of the team, and ideas and wisdom freely passed back and forth.[10] The tradition of mentorship and lasted long into the 60's even after Fenton had moved on and saw future managers John Lyall and Harry Redknapp pass through.[11] Fenton introduced continental ideas to the team, revamping training methods and taking inspiration from higher ranked teams, and even inspiring some. Fenton had been impressed greatly by the all conquering Hungarians of the 50's led by Ferenc Puskás and the Casseteri program and development of the academy were at the core.[10] Ernie Gregory said (of the 50's diet) "We'd usually eaten fish or chicken and toast before then, but Dr. Thomas advised us all to eat steak and rice two hours before kick-off. All the other clubs copied us after that".[12] However, not all the changes were strictly down to Fenton, Musgrove attributed much of the training regime to Allison, going so far as to state that once the players were at the club (signed by Fenton) they were pretty much Allisons property.[13] As well as being a student of the game himself, Fenton encouraged all players to take coaching badges and it's notable that many of his former players went on to coaching and managing roles after they retired.[14] The Academy also involved, beyond the routine training and development of the youth and squad, actual tactical discussions between the players.[9] At this time, three players who had come through the West Ham youth development system were seeing some success in the England squad; they were Bobby Moore who debuted in 1962, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. In 1966, these players played a part in England’s victory in the World Cup. Moore was the most well-known of the three. He captained the England squad and was later named by Pelé as the "greatest" of all the defenders he had played against. In the World Cup final against West Germany in which England won 4–2, Hurst scored the only hat-trick ever scored at a World Cup final match, and Peters scored the other goal. This gave rise to the West Ham supporters' partly tongue-in-cheek terrace chant: When West Ham beat West Germany. Peters one and Geoffrey three, And Bobby got his OBE! A bronze statue of these three players (and Everton defender Ray Wilson) holding the Jules Rimet Trophy aloft was erected in 2003 at the junction of Barking Road and Green Street close to Upton Park. During the next thirty years West Ham's youth academy produced many professional players. Notable Academy "graduates" during this time include Frank Lampard Sr. and (later Sir) Trevor Brooking, who both featured in the club's 1975 FA Cup win with a team composed solely of English players; no club since has repeated this accomplishment. Since 1973 the Academy has been managed by Tony Carr, himself a "graduate" but whose career was cut short by injury. Paul Ince played his first game for West Ham in 1986, and went on to win more trophies than any other Academy "graduate", albeit with Manchester United. Premier League eraIn 1996, the reputation of the Academy began a fresh revival with the arrival of Rio Ferdinand and Frank Lampard Jnr. That year, the West Ham youth team reached the FA Youth Cup Final, losing to a Liverpool side inspired by Michael Owen. However, both Ferdinand and Lampard would see success in subsequent years.[15][16] In 1999, the West Ham youth team won the FA Youth Cup, beating Coventry City 9–0 on aggregate. The team featured Joe Cole and Michael Carrick. Ferdinand and Carrick played against Lampard and Cole when Manchester United met Chelsea at the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final. Recent Academy "graduates" include Glen Johnson, Billy Mehmet, Freddy Eastwood, Anton Ferdinand (younger brother of Rio), Elliott Ward, Mark Noble, Jack Collison and James Tomkins.[17] Relationship with West Ham UnitedThe Academy is an important part of the club's identity and a regular source of players for the first team. When the club was relegated from the FA Premier League in 2003 the sale of young Academy stars arguably saved the club from financial disaster. It has been argued that if West Ham had kept all of their Academy "graduates" since Rio Ferdinand, they would currently be among the very top English teams. With their promotion via the Championship Play-Offs in 2005 West Ham have returned to England’s top league. Three Academy "graduates" had been key players in this achievement; Anton Ferdinand, Elliott Ward, and Mark Noble. In the 2007–08 season, manager Alan Curbishley handed three graduates, Jack Collison, James Tomkins and Freddie Sears, their debuts. Gianfranco Zola, who previously worked with the Italy U-21's, stated his desire to continue the club's tradition of using homegrown talent. Noble, Tomkins and Collison all went on to play an important part as West Ham beat relegation to finish 9th in the 2008–09 season. Under him, Zavon Hines and Junior Stanislas have impressed after the August 2009 League Cup match against Millwall where they both scored in a 3–1 win.[18]West Ham as a 'selling club'A case may be made that West Ham has been a 'selling club' in recent years, that is, a club that provides quality players to other clubs for profit but does not have the prestige or financial means to keep those players for the benefit of their own team. This reputation probably began with the sale of Rio Ferdinand to Leeds United in 2000. Since then, West Ham have sold six Academy "graduates" for transfer fees totalling over £50 million (including £18 million for Ferdinand, who was later sold on to Manchester United for £30 million).[19] This amount has traditionally been much greater than the club's own spending on players (most of which was financed by the above income), and many of the players found success with financially stronger clubs such as Chelsea and Manchester United who are two of the English clubs capable of competing on a different level to most other teams.[20] Though not a club, the England national team has included various academy apprentices or graduates in recent years, including Rio Ferdinand, Michael Carrick, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Jermain Defoe and Glen Johnson, as well as John Terry who spent part of his development with the club.[21][22] Quotes"The crowds at West Ham have never been rewarded by results but they keep turning up because of the good football they see. Other clubs will suffer from the old bugbear that results count more than anything. This has been the ruination of English soccer." – Ron Greenwood, West Ham manager 1961–1974.[23]"No way is it all down to me. It's very difficult to say why we've been so successful in youth terms; I suppose it's down to a number of factors but, most importantly, our recruitment area of east London and Essex is really fertile." – Tony Carr, director of Youth Development at West Ham 1973–2010, quoted in an interview published by The Daily Telegraph 14 June 2004.[23]"Why should we sell Rio Ferdinand? Are we a Premier League club or are we just a feeder club for bigger clubs? If we start selling players like Rio, where is the club going to go?" – Harry Redknapp, West Ham manager 1994–2001. "The biggest single contributor to the current England national squad is not Manchester United, Arsenal, Liverpool or Chelsea, but the West Ham Youth Academy." – ITV Football article, 13 September 2004. Reserve team historyThe West Ham United Reserves Team was founded in 1899 as Thames Ironworks Reserves and they changed their name to West Ham Reserves in 1900. They joined London League Division One in the season 1899-00. In 2007–08 they were FA Premier Reserve League Southern Division runners-up on goal difference.[24] 'A' teamBetween 1948 and 1956 West Ham entered an 'A' team into the Eastern Counties League.[25] In 1952 they also began playing in the Metropolitan League. After leaving the ECL they remained in the Metropolitan League, winning the League Cup in 1957–58 and the Professional Cup in 1959–60, 1966–67 and 1968–69. They left the league when it merged into the Metropolitan London League in 1971, and instead entered a youth team into the South East Counties League, which they won in 1984–85, 1995–96 and 1997–98, before leaving when the FA Academy system was set up in 1998.[25] Under-23 teamThe West Ham United Reserves competed in the Premier Reserve League South until relegation from the Premier League. The side is now classed as a development squad coached by Steve Potts. Friendly games were usually played at Chadwell Heath and other clubs training grounds. Since the 2012–13 season, the team have played in the Professional Development League (now branded Premier League 2) for players under the age of 21 and a restricted number of over age players.[26] Most home matches are played at Dagenham & Redbridge's Victoria Road ground, with three fixtures per season played at the London Stadium.[27][28] Current squadPlayers (excluding scholars) who will qualify as U23s in season 2018–19 and who are outside the first team squad. {{updated|30 January 2019}}[29]
Out on loan{{Fs start}}{{Fs player|no=29|nat=SPA|pos=FW|name=Toni Martínez|other=at Rayo Majadahonda until end of season}}{{Fs player|no=33|nat=IRL|pos=MF|name=Josh Cullen|other=at Charlton Athletic until end of season}}[30]{{Fs player|no=40|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Oladapo Afolayan|other=at Oldham Athletic until end of season}}{{Fs player|no=42|nat=NOR|pos=MF|name=Martin Samuelsen|other=at VVV-Venlo until 30 June 2019}}{{Fs player|no=43|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Marcus Browne|other=at Oxford United until 30 June 2019}}{{Fs mid}}{{Fs player|no=44|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Vashon Neufville|other=at Newport County until 31 May 2019}}{{Fs player|no=46|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Moses Makasi|other=at Stevenage until 31 May 2019}}{{Fs player|no=50|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Joe Powell|other=at Northampton Town until end of season}}{{Fs player|no=|nat=MNE|pos=MF|name=Sead Hakšabanović|other=at IFK Norrköping until 1 July 2019}}{{Fs end}}Under-18 teamThe West Ham Under-18s play in the U18 Premier League South. Home games are staged at Little Heath, Hainault Road in Romford, Essex. Tony Carr, a former West Ham player himself, was the youth academy director from 1973 to 2014.[31] They have won the U-19 title twice in 1998–99 and 1999-00, when the Academy League was split into the U-17s and U-21s.[39] Current squad{{updated|29 January 2019}}[32]
Honours
Notable playersInternational capped players(All senior caps for England unless otherwise stated)
Career: 1958–73 Caps: 108
Career: 1960–72 Caps: 49
Career: 1962–70 Caps: 67 (includes 34 caps while with Tottenham Hotspur)
Career: 1967–85 Caps: 2
Career: 1967–84 Caps: 47
Career: 1976–90 Caps: 8
Career: 1978–96 Caps: 17
Career: 1983–88, 1994–96 Caps: 7 (3 while with West Ham United)
Career: 1986– 2007 Caps: 53 (None with West Ham United)
Career: 1996–2015 Caps: 81 (29 caps while with West Ham United)
Career: 1995– Caps: 90 (2 caps while with West Ham United)
Career: 1998– Caps: 56 (10 caps while with West Ham United)
Career: 1998– Caps: 22 (2 caps while with West Ham United)
Career: 2000– Caps: 46 (None with West Ham United)
Career: 2002– Caps: 35 (None with West Ham United)
Career: 2015- Caps: 1 (1 cap while with West Ham United) Recent graduates
Career: 2004– Caps: 0
Career: 2004– Caps: 0
Career: 2004– Caps: 0
Career: 2008– Caps: 0
Career: 2008– Caps: 0
Career: 2008–2016 Caps: 15 (For Wales)
Career: 2009– Caps: 0
Career: 2010– Caps:3 (For USA)
Career: 2012– Caps:0
Career: 2011– Caps:0
Career: 2011– Caps:0
Career: 2012– Caps:0
Career: 2012– Caps:0 Other playersThese players either trained at the Academy but never played for West Ham first team or trained at multiple clubs in their youth.
Career: 1992– Caps: 73
Career: 1998– Caps: 72
Career: 2002– Caps: 8
Career: 2003– Caps: 11 (For Wales)
English top division{{col-begin}}{{col-3}}
International
English 2nd tier or below{{col-begin}}{{col-4}}
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news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/obituaries/story/0,,1757158,00.html|title=John Lyall – Obituary|author=Julie Welch|publisher=Guardian Newspaper | location=London | date=20 April 2006 | accessdate=25 May 2010}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Carr's kids on biggest stage|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/carrs-kids-on-biggest-stage-20080520_2236884_1313544|publisher=whufc.com|date=20 May 2008}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=Hammers' stars of the future shine|url=http://www.guardian-series.co.uk/sport/westham/westhamnews/4276226.Hammers__stars_of_the_future_shine/|publisher=Waltham Forest Guardian|date=9 April 2009}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Five things we learned from the Premier League this weekend|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2009/sep/21/premier-league-howard-webb-mark-hughes|publisher=The Guardian|date=21 September 2009 | location=London | first=Rob | last=Smyth}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/future-bright-for-zola-20090319_2236884_1595684 |title=Future bright for Zola |publisher=Whufc.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-29}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/amp/football/news/11685/10530821/west-ham-no-longer-a-selling-club-after-keeping-dimitri-payet-says-slaven-bilic|title=West Ham no longer a selling club after keeping Dimitri Payet, says Slaven Bilic |work=Sky Sports |date= 10 August 2016|accessdate=16 August 2018}} 20. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes|date=12 June 2018|accessdate=16 August 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/8650295.stm|title=West Ham honour youth boss who nurtured £80m of talent |work=BBC Sport|date=5 May 2010|accessdate=16 August 2018}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://amp.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/may/04/tony-carr-west-ham-academy|title=West Ham academy is the gift which keeps on giving to club and country |work=The Guardian|date=4 May 2010|accessdate=16 August 2018}} 23. ^1 {{cite web|last=Phillip|first=Robert|title=England's cockney boys are driven to success by Carr|url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/englands-cockney-boys-are-driven-to-success-by-carr|publisher=www.thenational.ae|accessdate=30 October 2012}} 24. ^{{cite web | url=http://fchd.info/W-HAMU2.HTM | title=West Ham United Reserves | publisher=FCHD.info | accessdate=25 April 2015}} 25. ^1 Blakeman, M (2010) The Official History of the Eastern Counties Football League 1935–2010, Volume II {{ISBN|978-1-908037-02-2}} 26. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120611/hendon-gearing-up-for-new-season_2236884_2806196 |title=Hendon gearing up for new season |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=11 June 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201194754/https://www.whufc.com/articles/20120611/hendon-gearing-up-for-new-season_2236884_2806196 |archivedate=1 February 2014 |deadurl=y}} 27. ^{{Cite web |title=Development Squad: Fixtures and Results |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |accessdate=29 January 2019 |url= https://www.whufc.com/fixtures/development-squad/fixtures-and-results}} 28. ^{{Cite web |title=Hammers U23s to kick-off PL2 season at Spurs |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=26 July 2018 |accessdate=29 January 2019 |url= https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2018/july/26-july/hammers-u23s-kick-pl2-season-spurs}} 29. ^{{cite web|title=Premier League 2: Squad|url=https://www.whufc.com/teams/development-squad/squad|publisher=West Ham United F.C.|accessdate=29 January 2019}} 30. ^{{cite news |title=Charlton sign Josh Cullen on loan from West Ham United |url=https://www.cafc.co.uk/news/view/5b87c0a61cfea/done-deal-charlton-sign-josh-cullen-on-loan-from-west-ham-united |accessdate=4 September 2018 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C. |date=30 August 2018}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/page/Staff/0,,12562,00.html|title=Who's Who|website=WHUFC.com}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/teams/academy/squad|title=Academy Squad|publisher=West Ham United F.C. |accessdate=29 January 2019}} 33. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2003/may/29-may/honours|title=Honours|website=WHUFC.com}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.manutdzone.com/playerpages/RioFerdinand.htm |title=Rio Ferdinand |publisher=Manutdzone.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-29}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.manutdzone.com/playerpages/MichaelCarrick.htm |title=Michael Carrick |publisher=Manutdzone.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-29}} 36. ^Graduates www.whufc.com 37. ^{{cite web|author=Jermain Defoe |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/players/profile?id=7975 |title=Jermain Defoe |publisher=Soccernet.espn.go.com |date=1982-10-07 |accessdate=2010-04-29}} 38. ^{{Cite web | title = Jack Collison returns to West Ham United as U16s manager | publisher = West Ham United F.C. | date = 20 July 2017 | accessdate = 23 December 2017 | url = https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2017/july/20-july/jack-collison-returns-west-ham-united-u16s-manager}} External links
7 : West Ham United F.C.|Football academies in England|Eastern Counties Football League|Metropolitan League|English reserve football teams|Premier League International Cup|Professional Development League |
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