| 词条 | West Midlands Metro rolling stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The West Midlands Metro is a passenger light rail line in the West Midlands conurbation in England, which opened in 1999. Its rolling stock consists of 21 Urbos 3 trams which came into service in 2014/15, replacing the older T-69 trams which had operated the line since 1999. Urbos 3{{Infobox train| background = #3f0f6d;color:white; | name = Urbos 3 | image = Midland Metro tram no. 20 on display at St. Georges, Bilston Street, Wolverhampton, geograph-4028311-by-P-L-Chadwick.jpg | caption = Urbos 3 No.20 on show at Wolverhampton | imagealt = | imagesize = 300px | interiorimage = | interiorimagealt = | interiorcaption = | service = 2014 – Present | manufacturer = CAF | factory = Zaragoza, Spain | family = | replaced = All remaining T69 | yearconstruction = 2012-2015 | yearservice = | refurbishment = | yearscrapped = | numberconstruction= | numberbuilt = 21 | numberservice = | numberpreserved = | numberscrapped = | formation = 5 sections with 4 articulations.[1] | fleetnumbers = 17-37 | capacity = 210 (54 seats, 156 standing)[1] | operator = West Midlands Metro | depots = | lines = Wolverhampton - Birmingham | carbody = | trainlength = | carlength = {{convert|33|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}[1] | width = {{convert|2.65|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}[1] | height = {{convert|3.4|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | floorheight = | platformheight = | entrylevelorstep = | art-sections = | doors = | maxspeed = {{convert|70|km/h|abbr=on|sigfig=2}}[1] | weight = {{convert|56|t|0}} | acceleration = | deceleration = | traction = Twelve {{convert|80|kW|hp|-1|abbr=on|adj=on}} traction motors | engine = | poweroutput = | transmission = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = 750 V DC OHLE | collectionmethod = Pantograph | uicclass = | aarwheels = | bogies = | brakes = | safety = | coupling = | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|sg}} Standard gauge }} A new fleet of 21 CAF Urbos 3 trams began to enter service in September 2014, they replaced the old T-69 fleet in 2015.[6] In February 2012 Centro named CAF the preferred bidder for a contract to supply 19 to 25 Urbos 3 trams.[1] A £40 million firm order for 20 was subsequently signed, with options for five more.[2] The first of the new trams was unveiled at the Wednesbury depot in October 2013,[3] with the first four entering service on 5 September 2014.[4] The new fleet provided an increased service of 10 trams per hour in each direction, with an increased capacity of 210 passengers per tram, compared with the 156 passengers on the former T69 trams. The Urbos 3 trams are {{cvt|33|m}} long; {{cvt|9|m}} longer than the former T69 stock, and have a maximum operating speed of {{cvt|70|km/h}}. They are low floor throughout, and consists of five sections with four articulations. Three of the modules are mounted on bogies and the other two modules are suspended.[5] At {{cvt|2.65|m|ftin}} wide, The Urbos 3 trams are slightly wider than the {{cvt|2.48|m|ftin}} wide T69s. The line was closed for two weeks during March and April 2013, in order for the platforms on each of the stops to be narrowed by {{cvt|15|cm}} to accommodate the new trams. The T69s were modified with wider steps to be compatible with the narrower platforms.[12] In 2016, it was announced that the Urbos 3 fleet would be fitted with rechargeable batteries to allow them to operate along various extensions of the Midland Metro network intended to be constructed without overhead lines.[6]. The first tram to be fitted this way, number 31, was relaunched in a new blue livery on 16 July 2018.[7]
Former fleetT-69{{Infobox train| background = #3f0f6d;color:white; | name = T-69 | image = Midland Metro tram.jpg | imagealt = | imagesize = 300px | caption = Tram 05 in original livery at West Bromwich Central | interiorimage = | interiorimagealt = | interiorcaption = | service = 1999 – 2015 | manufacturer = AnsaldoBreda | factory = Naples, Italy | family = | replaced = | yearconstruction = 1996 – 1999 | yearservice = | refurbishment = 2013 | yearscrapped = 2018 | numberconstruction= | numberbuilt = 16 | numberservice = | numberpreserved = 3 (1 for use as an engineering vehicle) | numberscrapped = 13 | formation = 2 sections per tram, articulated intersection | wheel arrangement = B2B | fleetnumbers = 01–16 | capacity = 156 (56 seats, 100 standing){{sfn|Boynton|2001|pp=80}} | operator = National Express Midland Metro | depots = | lines = Wolverhampton - Birmingham Snow Hill | carbody = Aluminium | trainlength = | carlength = {{convert|24.36|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Boynton|2001|pp=80}} | width = {{convert|2.48|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}[16] | height = {{convert|3.7|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | floorheight = | platformheight = | entrylevelorstep = | doors = | art-sections = | maxspeed = {{convert|43.5|mph|abbr=on|sigfig=2}} | weight = {{convert|38|t}} per tram {{sfn|Boynton|2001|pp=80}} | acceleration = | deceleration = | traction = Four {{convert|105|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} separately-excited DC traction motors | engine = | poweroutput = | transmission = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = 750 V DC Overhead lines | collectionmethod = Pantograph Type: Brecknell Willis high reach | uicclass = | aarwheels = | bogies = | brakes = | safety = | coupling = | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|sg}} }} Sixteen T-69 trams, were the original fleet, introduced into service in 1999, These were withdrawn from service gradually during 2014/15 as the new Urbos 3 fleet was introduced. The last, no. 16, was withdrawn from service in August 2015.[17] In February 2016 proposals were unveiled to convert the Isle of Wight Island Line into a tram line. It was reported that the remaining T-69s could be purchased second hand and re-used for this scheme.[18] The T69s were used only on the Midland Metro, and were built by the Italian company AnsaldoBreda. Their closest "brothers" were the SL95 running in Oslo, Norway. At {{cvt|24.36|m|ftin}} long, the T-69s were the shortest modern tramcars in Britain. The vehicles are articulated, resting on three bogies, and have low floors over about 60% of the length. The central section of the trams is low floor, with inwards facing seating at the sides, while at each end is a raised seating area, accessible by steps. Each tram has 56 seats, with space for another 100 standing. They are accessible from three {{cvt|1.25|m}} wide entrances on each side, with twin plug doors.{{sfn|Boynton|2001|pp=80}} At delivery, all trams had a livery of a blue body, red fronts, grey skirt and yellow doors, but several were refurbished and repainted in Network West Midlands' silver and magenta livery. From their entry into service, each tram had a roller-blind style destination board. in 2013, these were replaced with new LED Destination boards on all trams.[19] Most trams were named after local celebrities or people of note.[8] After withdrawal 1-15 were placed in storage at Long Marston. In 2018 two were donated for preservation with the remaining 13 sold for scrap. Tram 16 remains at Wednesbury Depot, having been retained as an engineering vehicle. [36][20]
Maintenance vehiclesNational Express Midland Metro, the operator of the tramway, acquired a number of vehicles for maintaining the line. These included a Unimog,[24] a road-rail lifting platform and one of the formerly used T69s (Tram 16).[25]References1. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/caf-named-preferred-bidder-to-supply-new-midland-metro-trams.html | title=CAF named preferred bidder to supply new Midland Metro trams | date=2 February 2012 | publisher=Railway Gazette International}} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/work-begins-on-pound128m-midland-metro-expansion-project.html |title=Work begins on £128m Midland Metro expansion project | date=22 March 2012 |work=Railway Gazette International |location =London}} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/midland-metro-unveils-first-caf-tram.html|title=Midland Metro unveils first CAF tram | date=16 October 2013 |work=Railway Gazette International |location =London}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=New Midland Metro trams launched into service|url=http://centro.org.uk/about-us/news/2014/new-trams-launched/|publisher=Centro|accessdate=5 September 2014|date=5 September 2014}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=CAF trams for Midland Metro Expansion Project|url=http://www.therailengineer.com/2013/05/03/caf-trams-for-midland-metro-expansion-project/|publisher=The Rail Engineer|accessdate=19 November 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/midland-metro-trams-to-be-converted-for-catenary-free-operation.html |title=Midland Metro trams to be converted for catenary-free operation |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=12 February 2016 |website=Railway Gazette |publisher= |access-date=15 February 2016 |quote=}} 7. ^{{Cite-web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/news/?p=23007|title=In Pictures: Blue is the colour as West Midlands Metro new livery unveiled|publisher=British Trams Online News|date=16 July 2018|accessdate=18 July 2018}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/midland.html|title=West Midlands Metro fleet list|publisher=British Trams Online|date=17 February 2019|accessdate=19 February 2019}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{Cite web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/news/?p=26120|title=In Pictures: West Midlands Metro 17 returns to service|publisher=British Trams Online News|date=20 February 2019|accessdate=22 February 2019}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/news/?p=26197|publisher=British Trams Online News|title=In Pictures: Double Just Eat helpings on West Midlands Metro|date=23 February 2019|accessdate=24 February 2019}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/news/?p=26102|publisher=British Trams Online News|title=In Pictures: West Midlands Metro 21 receives adverts for Just Eat|date=19 February 2019|accessdate=20 February 2019}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-birmingham-46926419/cyrille-regis-metro-tram-in-memory-of-footballer|title=Cyrille Regis: Metro tram in memory of footballer|publisher=BBC News|date=18 January 2019|accessdate=21 January 2019}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centro.org.uk/about-us/news/2015/royal-seal-of-approval-for-midland-metro/|title=Royal seal of approval for Midland Metro|date=19 November 2015|publisher=Centro|accessdate=3 June 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321202040/http://www.centro.org.uk/about-us/news/2015/royal-seal-of-approval-for-midland-metro/|archivedate=21 March 2016|df=dmy-all}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishtramsonline.co.uk/news/?p=25937|publisher=British Trams Online News|title=In Pictures: 36 gets partial relivery – including adverts|date=7 February 2019|accessdate=11 February 2019}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-36389937|title=Ozzy Osbourne has Birmingham tram named after him|date=26 May 2016|work=BBC Online|accessdate=3 June 2016}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=Essential Engineering Works|url=http://www.networkwestmidlands.com/metro/closure.aspx|publisher=Network West Midlands|accessdate=19 November 2013}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=End of the line for original Metro trams|url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/2015/08/12/end-of-the-line-for-original-metro-trams-2/|publisher=Express & Star|accessdate=5 November 2015|date=12 August 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=IS THE FUTURE TRAMS AND STEAM TRAINS INTO RYDE?|url=http://www.islandecho.co.uk/news/is-the-future-trams-and-steam-trains-into-ryde|website=islandecho.co.uk|publisher=Island Echo|accessdate=18 February 2016}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Midland Metro : Trams|url=http://www.thetrams.co.uk/midlandmetro/trams/|publisher=The Trams.co.uk|accessdate=19 November 2013}} 20. ^"Two Ansalso Trams for Preservation" Modern Railways April 2018 page 86 21. ^{{cite web |url=http://thetrams.co.uk/midlandmetro/trams/07 |title=Midland Metro : Trams : 07 |date= |work= |publisher=TheTrams.co.uk |accessdate=27 August 2010}} 22. ^1 2 [https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/original-midland-metro-tram-go-14328355 Original Midland Metro tram to go on display] Birmingham Mail 26 February 2018 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thetrams.co.uk/midlandmetro/trams/16|title=16 'Gerwyn John'|work=TheTrams.co.uk|accessdate=25 April 2012}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://thetrams.co.uk/midlandmetro/pictures/000309?sid=1277756210&seq=6&ref=L3BpY3NlYXJjaHJlc3VsdC5waHA/c2VjdGlvbj1taWRsYW5kbWV0cm8mc2VhcmNoPXMmc3ViamVjdD13ZWRuZXNidXJ5|title=Ancillary vehicle at Wednesbury depot|publisher=Thetrams.co.uk}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://thetrams.co.uk/midlandmetro/pictures/000311?sid=1277756210&seq=8&ref=L3BpY3NlYXJjaHJlc3VsdC5waHA/c2VjdGlvbj1taWRsYW5kbWV0cm8mc2VhcmNoPXMmc3ViamVjdD13ZWRuZXNidXJ5|title=Ancillary vehicle at Wednesbury depot|publisher=Thetrams.co.uk}} Bibliography{{Commons category|T-69 tram}}{{Commons category|Urbos 3 trams in the West Midlands}}{{refbegin}}
| last = Boynton | first = John | year = 2001 | title = Main Line to Metro: Train and tram on the Great Western route: Birmingham Snow Hill – Wolverhampton | publisher = Mid England Books | location = Kidderminster | isbn = 978-0-9522248-9-1 | ref = harv{{UK light rail vehicles}} 4 : West Midlands Metro|Tram vehicles of the United Kingdom|Transport in Wolverhampton|AnsaldoBreda trams |
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