| 词条 | West Qurna Field |
| 释义 |
| name = West Qurna | country = Iraq | region = | location = | block = | offonshore = onshore | location_map = Iraq | location_map_width = | location_map_text = | coordinates = {{coord|30|53|7|N|47|17|27|E|type:landmark_source:eowiki_region:IQ|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | operator = | operators = | partners = | owner = Iraq National Oil Company | contractors = Exxon Mobil, Royal Dutch Shell, Lukoil, Statoil | image = | caption = | discovery = 1973 | start_development = | start_production = | peak_year = | abandonment = | oil_production_bbl/d = | oil_production_tpy = | production_year_oil = | production_gas_mmcuft/d = | production_gas_mmscm/d = | production_gas_bcm/y = | production_year_gas = | recover_oil_bbl = 43000 | est_oil_bbl = | est_oil_t = | est_gas_bft = | est_gas_bcm = | formations = }}West Qurna ({{lang-ar|غرب قرنة}}) is one of Iraq's largest oil fields, located north of Rumaila field, west of Basra. West Qurna is believed to hold {{convert|43|Goilbbl}} of recoverable reserves.[1] The field was closed to Western firms due to years-long sanctions.[1] PhasesWest Qurna Phase IIn November 2009, an Exxon Mobil - Shell joint venture won a $50 billion contract to develop the {{convert|9|Goilbbl|adj=on}} West Qurna Phase I.[2] As per Iraqi Oil Ministry estimates, the project will require a $25 billion investment and another $25 billion in operating fees creating approximately 100,000 jobs in the underdeveloped southern region. ExxonMobil is set to increase the current production of {{convert|0.27|to|2.25|Moilbbl/d}} within seven years. The Iraqi government, in turn, will pay $1.90 per barrel produced by ExxonMobil-Shell alliance.[3] West Qurna Phase IIIn December 2009, Russia's Lukoil and Norway's Statoil were awarded the rights to develop the {{convert|12.88|Goilbbl|adj=on}} West Qurna Phase II oil field. The Lukoil-Statoil alliance will receive $1.15 per barrel that they produce. In addition, they will work to raise output from West Qurna 2 to {{convert|120000|oilbbl/d}} by 2012[4] and {{convert|1.8|Moilbbl/d|m3/d}} over a period of 13 years.[5][6] In March 2012, Statoil sold its 18.75% stake in the field to Lukoil, giving the Russian firm a 75% stake, and leaving the Iraqi state oil company with 25%.[7] Water-injection projectA new joint multibillion-dollar water-injection project will be awarded to operator ExxonMobil. The project includes construction of a plant which will help 6 major oil-field development projects by producing {{convert|10|-|12|Moilbbl|m3}} of water per day. The alliance will include Shell, Eni SpA, Lukoil, CNPC and Petronas.[8] See also{{Portal|Iraq|Energy}}
References1. ^{{cite news | url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125741092983330293 | title= Iraq Awards West Qurna-1 Oil Field to Exxon, Shell | publisher= The Wall Street Journal | author = Gina Chon | date=2009-11-05 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 2. ^1 {{cite news | url= https://www.forbes.com/2010/01/21/biggest-oil-fields-business-energy-oil-fields.html?boxes=businesschannelsections | title= The World's Biggest Oil Reserves | publisher= Forbes | author = Christopher Helman | date=2010-01-21 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 3. ^{{cite news | url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/05/exxonmobil-iraq-oil-contract-qurna | title= ExxonMobil wins $50bn contract to develop West Qurna oilfield | publisher= Guardian | author = Martin Chulov | date=2009-11-05 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 4. ^{{cite news | url= http://in.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idINLDE63Q1VS20100427| title= Iraq's West Qurna to hit 120,000 bpd in 2012 | publisher= Reuters | author = Simon Webb| date=2010-04-27 | accessdate=2010-05-21}} 5. ^{{cite news | url= http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,580077,00.html?test=latestnews | title= Russian Oil Giant Wins Big in Iraq Auction | publisher= Fox News | author = | date=2009-12-12 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 6. ^{{cite news | url= http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article204022.ece | title= Iraq sets West Qurna date | newspaper = Upstream Online | publisher = NHST Media Group | date=2010-01-20 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 7. ^{{cite web|url= https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL5E8E714T20120307 |title=Iraq approves Statoil sale of oil field stake to Lukoil |publisher=af.reuters.com |accessdate=2012-03-07}} 8. ^{{cite news | url= http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?hpf=1&a_id=91246 | title= Exxon Spearheads Iraqi Water-Injection Project | publisher= Rigzone | author = Hassan Hafidh | date=2010-04-19 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} External links
4 : Oil fields of Iraq|ExxonMobil oil and gas fields|Equinor oil and gas fields|Lukoil oil and gas fields |
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