| 词条 | Basingwerk Abbey |
| 释义 |
| name = Basingwerk Abbey | native_name = Abaty Dinas Basing | infobox_width = | image = BasingwerkPriory.JPG | image_size = 240px | alt = | caption = Remains of Basingwerk Abbey | map_type = | map_size = | map_caption = | location = Holywell, Flintshire, Wales | geo = | latitude = | longitude = | religious_affiliation = Catholicism, Cistercians | rite = | consecration_year = 1132 | status = ruins | functional_status = | heritage_designation = | leadership = | website = | architecture = yes | architect = unknown | architecture_type = Monastery | architecture_style = Cistercian | general_contractor = | facade_direction = | groundbreaking = | year_completed = | construction_cost = | specifications = | capacity = | length = | width = | width_nave = | height_max = | materials = | nrhp = | added = | refnum = | designated = }} Basingwerk Abbey ({{lang-cy|Abaty Dinas Basing}}) is a Grade I listed ruined abbey near Holywell, Flintshire, Wales. The abbey, which was founded in the 12th century, belonged to the Order of Cistercians. It maintained significant lands in the English county of Derbyshire. The abbey was abandoned and its assets sold following the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1536. The site is now managed by Cadw – the national Welsh heritage agency. Medieval historyThe abbey was founded in 1132 by Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester,[1] who had already brought Benedictine monks from Savigny Abbey in southern Normandy. The abbey became part of the Cistercian Order in 1147. It was a daughter house of Buildwas Abbey in Shropshire. An Earl of Chester gave the manor of West Kirby to the Abbey. The abbey had significant lands in the English county of Derbyshire. Henry II gave the monks a manor near Glossop. The Monks' Road and the Abbot's Chair near the town are a reminder of the Abbey's efforts to administer their possession. In 1290 the Abbey gained a market charter for Glossop.[2] The monks also got another charter for nearby Charlesworth in 1328. In 1157, Owain Gwynedd encamped his army at Basingwerk before facing the forces of Henry II at the Battle of Ewloe. The Welsh Prince stopped at the abbey because of its strategic importance. It blocked the route Henry II had to take to reach Twthill, Rhuddlan. In the fighting that followed, Owain Gwynedd split his army routing the English near Ewloe. By the 13th century, the abbey was under the patronage of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd. His son Dafydd ap Llywelyn gave St Winefride's Well to the abbey. The monks harnessed the power of the Holywell stream to run a corn mill and to treat the wool from their sheep. In 1433, the monks leased all of Glossopdale in Derbyshire to the Talbot family, the future Earls of Shrewsbury (1442). A legend says a 12th-century Basingwerk Abbey monk was lured into a nearby wood by the singing of a nightingale. He thought he had only been listening a short while, but when he returned, the abbey was in ruins. He crumbled to dust shortly afterwards.[3] In 1536, abbey life came to an end with the Dissolution of the Monasteries during the reign of Henry VIII. Its dissolution was made lawful by the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries Act and the lands of the abbey were granted to lay owners. Two centuries earlier a Welsh seer, Robin Ddu ("Robin the Dark"), said the roof on the refectory would go to a church under Moel Famau. It did: when the abbey was sold, the parts of the roof went to St Mary's Church in Cilcain below the slopes of Moel Famau. Another section of roof was reportedly given to the Collegiate and Parochial Church of St Peter at Ruthin, where it still covers the North Nave. Its Jesse window went to the Church of St Dyfnog at Llanrhaeadr-yng-Nghinmeirch. Present dayThe abbey ruins are part of Greenfield Valley Heritage Park, and are managed by Cadw. The abbey marks the starting point of the North Wales Pilgrims Way.[4] See also
Footnotes1. ^https://www.abandonedspaces.com/public/basingwerk-abbey.html 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/derbyshire2.html|title=The Domesday Book Online – Derbyshire F-R|website=www.domesdaybook.co.uk|accessdate=9 June 2017}} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Ash |first=Russell |date=1973 |title=Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain |publisher=Reader's Digest Association Limited |page=386 |isbn=9780340165973 }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pilgrims-way-north-wales.org/index.html|title=Taith Pererin Gogledd Cymru ~ North Wales Pilgrim's Way|website=www.pilgrims-way-north-wales.org|accessdate=9 June 2017}} Further reading
External links{{Commons category|Basingwerk Abbey}}
13 : Ruins in Wales|Cistercian monasteries in Wales|Cadw|1132 establishments in Wales|1536 disestablishments in Wales|Religious organizations established in the 1130s|Christian monasteries established in the 12th century|Tourist attractions in Flintshire|Buildings and structures in Flintshire|Ruined abbeys and monasteries|Grade I listed buildings in Flintshire|Scheduled monuments in Flintshire|Monasteries dissolved under the English Reformation |
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