| 词条 | Blue Lives Matter |
| 释义 |
|name = Blue Lives Matter |image =Blue lives matter logo.png |formation = {{start date and age|2014|12|20}} New York City, New York, U.S. |founders = Active and retired law enforcement officers |type = Social movement |location = United States |key_people = |website = {{url|https://bluelivesmatter.blue/}} }}Blue Lives Matter is a countermovement in the United States advocating that those who are prosecuted and convicted of killing law enforcement officers should be sentenced under hate crime statutes.[1] It was started in response to Black Lives Matter after the homicides of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York on December 20, 2014.[2] Although criticized by the ACLU and others, the movement paved the way for a state law in Louisiana that made it a hate crime to target police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service personnel.[3][4] This law has been heavily criticized for extending hate crime law protections outside of characteristics such as race, sexual orientation, or gender identity, to include career choice.[4][5] Also, evidence that violence against police officers is decreasing has been used to call into question the motivations for the law.[6][7] HistoryOn December 20, 2014, in the wake of the killings of officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu, a group of law enforcement officers formed Blue Lives Matter to counter media reports that they perceived to be anti-police.[8][9] Blue Lives Matter is made up of active and retired law enforcement officers. The current national spokesman for Blue Lives Matter is retired Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Lieutenant Randy Sutton.[10] Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC[11] is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt "compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter.[11] They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times.[11] This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan "Blue Lives Matter". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.[12] In September 2015, over 100 Los Angeles police officers took part in a Blue Lives Matter rally in Hollywood to "show support for the department at a time when. . .the ambush killings of police officers in cities elsewhere have left authorities across the nation feeling under siege."[13] Legislation{{see also|Hate crime laws in the United States#Members of law enforcement}}Louisiana passed legislation in May 2016, making it a hate crime to target police officers or firefighters. The legislation, authored by state Representative Lance Harris, was signed into law by Governor John Bel Edwards. The law allows for hate crime felonies to carry an additional $5,000 fine or five years in prison, while hate crime misdemeanors to carry an additional $500 fine or six months in prison.[14]CriticismSome critics of Blue Lives Matter state that one's job can never reach a deep identity significance and source of solidarity that one's racial identity can.[15] Others state that black identity and history is constantly under threat of erasure while police officers do not face this threat.[15][16] Another source of criticism is police officers are typically respected and honored in communities while African Americans in urban areas are suspected of being thieves and freeloaders.[15][17][18] Finally, some state supporters of Blue Lives Matter are intentionally or unintentionally supporting a system of discriminatory policing and racial profiling.[19][20] Some critics of Blue Lives Matter laws state the laws are redundant as attacking or killing a police officer would already result in a harsher punishment than attacking a non-police officer.[21][22][23] Others, such as St. Martinville Police Chief, Calder Hebert, say these laws will make resisting arrest a hate crime[3] which has drawn criticism as hate crimes are crimes in which victims are targeted because of identity-based characteristics such as race, sexual orientation, or gender.[4][24] Finally, according to FBI data, violence against police officers, as well as crime in general has decreased without these laws, calling into question their necessity.[25][6][7] See also{{Commonscat}}
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/r-us-police-deaths-on-duty-spiked-in-2016-fbi-2017-10|title=FBI says US police deaths spiked 61% in 2016|publisher=Business Insider|agency=Reuters|date=October 16, 2017|first=Sarah N.|last=Lynch}} {{Black Lives Matter}}2. ^{{cite book|author1=John S. Dempsey|author2=Linda S. Forst|author3=Steven B. Carter|title=An Introduction to Policing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K69EDwAAQBAJ|date=1 January 2018|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-337-55875-4|page=34|quote="A pro-police movement called Blue Lives Matter was established in response to Black Lives matter and to the increasing attacks on law enforcement, which resulted in 63 officer line-of-duty deaths by gunfire in 2016."}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/blue-lives-matter-law-lousiana_us_588653dde4b0e3a7356ae3ae|title=Louisiana Police Chief Shows Why The State's 'Blue Lives Matter' Law Is So Dangerous|first=Julia|last=Craven|date=January 23, 2017|publisher=|via=Huff Post}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/life/2016/09/blue-lives-matter-bill|title=Why Blue Lives Matter Is Just as Dangerous as White Lives Matter|website=Complex}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://ucr.fbi.gov/hate-crime/2013/resource-pages/methodology/methodology_final|title=Methodology|publisher=}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/may/16/us-police-deaths-decline-2015-fbi-data|title=FBI data showing drop in police deaths undermines 'war on cops' theory|first=Jamiles|last=Lartey|date=May 16, 2016|publisher=|via=The Guardian}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/09/17/441196546/is-there-a-war-on-police-the-statistics-say-no|title=Is There A 'War On Police'? The Statistics Say No|website=NPR.org}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Blue Lives Matter|url=http://bluelivesmatter.blue|website=Blue Lives Matter|accessdate=June 8, 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Blue Lives Matter Facebook|url=https://www.facebook.com/bluematters/|website=Blue Lives Matter Facebook|accessdate=June 8, 2016}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Newsome|first1=John|title='Blue lives matter' bill set for Louisiana governor's signature|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/05/20/us/louisiana-blue-lives-matter-legislation/|accessdate=June 8, 2016|work=CNN}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://bluelivesmatternyc.org/|title=Blue Lives Matter NYC website|website=Blue Lives Matter NYC|accessdate=November 29, 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Logan|first1=Bryan|title=Billboards proclaiming 'Blue Lives Matter' are popping up around the country|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/billboards-proclaiming-blue-lives-matter-are-popping-up-around-the-country-2015-10|website=Business Insider|accessdate=November 29, 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Police, Supporters Hold 'Blue Lives Matter' Rally in Hollywood|url=http://ktla.com/2015/09/27/police-supporters-hold-blue-lives-matter-rally-in-hollywod/|website=KTLA.com|accessdate=November 30, 2015}} 14. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Izadi|first1=Elahe|title=Louisiana is the first state to offer hate crime protections to police officers|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2016/05/26/louisianas-blue-lives-matter-bill-just-became-law/|work=Washington Post|date=May 26, 2016}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jonathan-russell2/heres-whats-wrong-with-bl_b_10906348.html|title=Here's What's Wrong With #BlueLivesMatter|first=Jonathan|last=Russell|date=July 9, 2016|publisher=}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jul/29/black-lives-matter-and-blue-lives-matter-at-odds/|title=Black Lives Matter and Blue Lives Matter at odds|work=The Washington Times|first= Kelly|last=Riddell |date=July 29, 2016|publisher=}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/after-dallas-we-dont-need-to-say-blue-lives-matter-20160708|title=After Dallas, We Don't Need to Say 'Blue Lives Matter'|publisher=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2885104/the-blue-lives-matter-bill-is-bullshit/|title=The 'Blue Lives Matter' Bill Is Bullshit|publisher=}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/life/2016/09/blue-lives-matter-bill|title=Why Blue Lives Matter Is Just as Dangerous as White Lives Matter|publisher=}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alternet.org/grayzone-project/blue-lives-matter-racist-hate-group|title=Is Blue Lives Matter a Racist Hate Group?|first=Max|last=Blumenthal|date=July 20, 2016|publisher=|via=AlterNet}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/louisiana-hate-crime-police_us_5745ba0ee4b055bb1170c4de|title=Louisiana’s New ‘Blue Lives Matter’ Law On Cop Killers Is Actually Pretty Redundant (UPDATE)|first=Julia|last=Craven|date=May 25, 2016|publisher=|via=Huff Post}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://thinkprogress.org/arizona-blue-lives-matter-law-a386e3ff6001|title=Arizona conservatives finalize redundant, disingenuous ‘Blue Lives Matter’ law|website=thinkprogress.org}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20160328/08115734031/congressman-wants-to-make-attacking-cop-federal-hate-crime.shtml|title=Congressman Wants To Make Attacking A Cop A Federal 'Hate' Crime|publisher=}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://rewire.news/article/2017/03/24/kentucky-governor-signs-redundant-blue-lives-matter-law/|title=Kentucky Governor Signs Redundant ‘Blue Lives Matter’ Law - Rewire|publisher=}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://djournal.com/news/blue-lives-matter-criticized-aclu/|title=‘Blue Lives Matter’ criticized by ACLU - Daily Journal|date=January 26, 2017|publisher=}} 7 : American police officers killed in the line of duty|American political catchphrases|Black Lives Matter|2010s in the United States|2014 establishments in New York City|2010s controversies in the United States|Hashtags |
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