| 词条 | BMW M4 DTM | |||
| 释义 |
|Car_name = BMW M4 DTM |Image = |caption = Augusto Farfus driving a BMW M4 DTM at Hockenheimring. |Category = Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (Touring Cars) |Constructor = {{flagicon|GER}} BMW |Predecessor = BMW M3 DTM |Successor = BMW M4 Turbo DTM |Designer = Dominic Harlow |Team = {{smaller|{{flagicon|BEL}} Team RBM {{flagicon|GER}} Team Schnitzer {{flagicon|GER}} Team MTEK {{flagicon|GER}} Team RMG}} |Drivers = {{smaller|{{flagicon|BRA}} Augusto Farfus {{flagicon|USA}} Joey Hand {{flagicon|CAN}} Bruno Spengler {{flagicon|GER}} Martin Tomczyk {{flagicon|GER}} Timo Glock {{flagicon|POR}} António Félix da Costa {{flagicon|GER}} Marco Wittmann {{flagicon|BEL}} Maxime Martin {{flagicon|GBR}} Tom Blomqvist {{flagicon|AUT}} Philipp Eng {{flagicon|SWE}} Joel Eriksson {{flagicon|ITA}} Alessandro Zanardi}} |Technical ref = |Chassis = Carbon-fibre monocoque |Front suspension = Double wishbones with H&R spring and ZF Sachs damper units to front and rear axles, actuated via pushrods |Rear suspension = As front |Length = {{convert|4775|-|5010|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} |Width = {{convert|1950|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} |Height = {{convert|1200|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} |Wheelbase = {{convert|2750|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} |Track = {{convert|1950|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} |Engine name = BMW Power P66 (2014-2016) later P66/1 (2017-present) |Capacity = {{convert|4.0|L|cuin|0|abbr=on}} |Configuration = V8 90° |Turbo/NA = naturally aspirated, |Engine position = front engined, longitudinally mounted |Power = Over {{convert|500|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} @ 7,500 rpm |Torque = {{convert|500|Nm|ftlbf|abbr=on}} |Gearbox name = Hewland |Gears = 6-speed |Type = sequential semi-automatic paddle shift |Differential = |Weight = {{convert|1110|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} (2014); {{convert|1120|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} (2015-2016); {{convert|1125|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} + BoP weight allowance of {{convert|1095|-|1140|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} (2017 - abolished since Austrian round); {{convert|1115|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} (2018) including driver |Brakes = AP Racing carbon brake discs with 6-piston calipers and pads |Battery = Bosch 13 volts |Fuel = Aral Ultimate unleaded 102 RON racing gasoline |Lubricants = Castrol EDGE (2014) later Shell Helix Ultra (2015-present) |Tyres = Hankook Ventus BBS (2014-2016) later ATS (2017-present) wheels |Debut = 2014 Hockenheimring 1 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters round |Races = 84 |Wins = 22 |Cons_champ = 2 (2014, 2015) |Drivers_champ = 2 (2014, 2016) |Poles = 26 |Fastest_laps = 18 |}} The BMW M4 DTM is a DTM touring car constructed by the German car manufacturer BMW. It was developed in 2013 and has been raced in DTM seasons since 2014 through 2018 before being replaced by turbo-updated BMW M4 Turbo DTM. It was designed by BMW chief engineer Dominic Harlow. The M4 DTM, which replaced the retired BMW M3 DTM at the end of the 2013 season, is based on the production BMW M4. Technical characteristicsDevelopmentThe first model made its first appearance in the wind tunnel at the BMW Group’s Aero Lab on 22 April – 13 days before the opening race of the 2013 season in Hockenheim. In the summer of 2013, while continuing with aerodynamic testing, the experts in Munich turned their attention to designing new suspension parts. The new components made their first on-track outing in December 2013 – but still within the BMW M3 DTM at that point. The final parts for the chassis of the BMW M4 DTM were in production by the turn of the year, allowing the BMW teams to assemble the first models of the new car in January and February. Three hundred days after the first test in the wind tunnel, the BMW M4 DTM took to the track for its track debut in Monteblanco on 11 February 2014. The production version of the BMW M4 Coupé provided BMW Motorsport with a perfect basis for developing the DTM racing car. Hardly surprising, given the fact that the primary goal of the BMW M GmbH engineers working on the BMW M4 Coupé was to create a robust car suitable for use on the racetrack. Among those to make valuable contributions towards achieving this goal were DTM drivers Bruno Spengler and Timo Glock, who took part in tuning tests at the Nürburgring-Nordschleife. "I am proud to have played my part in the fine-tuning,” said Spengler. “The chassis of the BMW M4 Coupé is very sporty. The feedback from the front axle is extremely direct, and the grip on the rear axle is phenomenal. This car is the ideal basis for our car in the DTM." ProductionThe last BMW M car to roll off the assembly line at the main BMW Plant in Munich did so back in 1991. After that, production shifted to BMW Plant Regensburg. Almost 23 years later, the assembly process returned to the main factory – and just a few metres away BMW Motorsport engineers were hard at work tinkering with the racing version of the new car. However, the BMW Plants in Regensburg and Dingolfing were also involved in the development of the BMW M4 DTM. Among other things, the kilometre-long test tracks at the modern production facilities were used for aerodynamic tests. Throughout the development phase, the BMW M4 DTM car was to be seen at what is otherwise the venue for the exhaustive quality control checks performed on all BMW M cars. The BMW M4 Coupé and the BMW M4 DTM lie low and flat on the tarmac. Even when stationary, the design’s powerful contours underline the performance of the two brothers. Characteristic design elements, such as the modern take on the twin headlight arrangement and distinctive twin-bar kidney grille, ensure that the car clearly stands out as a BMW M vehicle. The power dome on the bonnet is equally striking. The side of the car extends the dynamic impression created by the front end. The proportions typical of the BMW M4 Coupé, such as the long bonnet, long wheel base, set-back greenhouse and a short front overhang, formed the basis for the low and aerodynamic silhouette of the BMW M4 DTM. AerodynamicsAerodynamics plays a vital role in the DTM. For this reason, the BMW Motorsport engineers devoted a lot of time to issues such as aerodynamic drag and air flow. As on the production model, the air curtains at the front of the BMW M4 DTM are designed to reduce air drag. Narrowing air ducts accelerate the airstream flowing through the front skirt, guide it systematically past the wheels, and reduce turbulence around the wheel arches. Another new feature on the BMW M4 DTM is a plate along the side channel, which lends the racing car an even more striking outline. The flatter rear window optimises the way the airflow approaches the rear wing. The striking wing mirrors, with their twin-stalk mounts, are already a striking feature of the production model, and the mirrors on the BMW M4 DTM have also been aerodynamically optimised for the racetrack to ensure they aid efficient airflow towards the rear of the car. Lightweight constructionThe BMW M4 Coupé itself is a prime example of intelligent, lightweight construction. The high-performance sports car weighs just 1,497 kilograms when empty – that is a whole 80 kilograms less than its predecessor. This reduction of weight has a positive effect on the driving dynamics and consumption. This has been made possible by the extensive use of lightweight materials, such as carbon fibre reinforced plastic and aluminium. The use of carbon is also widespread in motor racing. Virtually the entire body of the BMW M4 DTM is made of this ultra-light and durable material. The weight reduction and consequent lowering of the centre of gravity are key to the car’s performance on the racetrack. The weight of the BMW M4 DTM, with driver, is 1,110 kilograms. SafetyLike the BMW M4 Coupé, the racing version also meets the highest safety standards. Over 50 of the 5,000 plus parts that make up the BMW M4 DTM are standard components, which are used in all DTM cars. One of these is the carbon fibre monocoque, which sets the benchmark in terms of safety in motorsport. With an integrated tank, steel roll cage and additional crash elements, it offers the driver effective protection in case of a crash. Parts like the gearbox, clutch, dampers and rear wing are identical in all DTM cars. This also keeps a lid on development costs. EngineThe BMW P66 engine in the BMW M4 DTM generates approx. 480 bhp with the air restrictor specified in the technical regulations. It is made up of 800 different components, consisting of 3,900 individual parts. When designing the DTM drivetrain, BMW Motorsport took full advantage of the technological know-how within the BMW Group. The high-tech foundry connected to BMW Plant Landshut accounts for the large cast parts, such as the cylinder head and crankcase – just as it does in the production of the six-cylinder in-line engine for the BMW M4 Coupé. The cast parts are coated and given the necessary heat treatment within the appropriate departments in Munich. The BMW V8 for the DTM is both a sprinter and a marathon runner. It allows the BMW M4 DTM to accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h in about three seconds. Only ten engines are permitted for all eight BMWs over the course of the entire season. Therefore, reliability is a prerequisite to success. The engine’s power is transferred via a sequential six-speed sport gearbox, which is operated pneumatically using shift paddles mounted on the steering wheel. The gearbox is one of the standard components, which are used by all the DTM manufacturers. It has 11 final drive ratios, which allow the engineers and drivers to react to the respective circuit and engine characteristics when setting the car up. Steering wheelAdditional status displays and a customised layout of the controls make the steering wheel in the new BMW M4 DTM even more comfortable for the drivers to use. The individual buttons can be allocated as the driver desires. As with the racing car, the gears on the BMW M4 Coupé can also be changed using shift paddles on the steering wheel, depending upon the configuration. LightsDrivers of both the BMW M4 DTM and the BMW M4 Coupé can rely on the performance of modern LED headlamps. Light emitting diodes do more than simply save energy. Thanks to the significantly shorter reaction time compared to conventional filament lamps, the driver behind is given more notice when a driver in front of him is braking. And every fraction of a second counts on the racetrack. The light generated by LEDs is also very similar to sunlight, making it particularly easy on the eye.[2] DebutWith the homologation of the M4 DTM completed on 3 March 2014, the car's race debut was at the 2014 Hockenheimring 1 DTM round on 4 May 2014. BMW Team RMG's Marco Wittmann scored his M4 DTM's first victory in their M4 debut.[3] Two weeks later in Motorsport Arena Oschersleben, BMW Team RMG's Marco Wittmann scored his M4 DTM's first pole position after Audi's Miguel Molina was stripped of pole position.[4] Teams and driversIn the 2014 DTM season lined-up eight drivers on for four teams. Augusto Farfus and Joey Hand start for BMW Team RBM. Bruno Spengler and Martin Tomczyk for BMW Team Schnitzer. Timo Glock and António Félix da Costa start for BMW Team MTEK. Marco Wittmann and Maxime Martin start for BMW Team RMG. Wittmann won the championship with four wins, and Martin won a race. In the 2015 DTM season lined-up eight drivers on for four teams. Augusto Farfus and Tom Blomqvist start for BMW Team RBM. Bruno Spengler and Timo Glock for BMW Team Schnitzer. António Félix da Costa and Martin Tomczyk start for BMW Team MTEK. Marco Wittmann and Maxime Martin start for BMW Team RMG. Five different drivers claimed a win. In the 2016 DTM season lined-up eight drivers on for four teams. Maxime Martin and Tom Blomqvist start for BMW Team RBM. António Félix da Costa and Timo Glock for BMW Team Schnitzer. Bruno Spengler and Augusto Farfus start for BMW Team MTEK. Marco Wittmann and Timo Glock start for BMW Team RMG. Wittmann won the championship with three wins. In the 2017 DTM season lined-up six drivers on for two teams. Maxime Martin, Bruno Spengler and Tom Blomqvist start for BMW Team RBM while Marco Wittmann, Augusto Farfus and Timo Glock start for BMW Team RMG. In the 2018 DTM season lined-up six drivers on for two teams. Philipp Eng, Bruno Spengler and Joel Eriksson start for BMW Team RBM while Marco Wittmann, Augusto Farfus and Timo Glock remained same for BMW Team RMG. AchievementsAs of August 2017, BMW M4 DTM scored 16 victories, 20 poles, 13 fastest laps, 1 constructor title (2015) and 2 driver titles (courtesy of Marco Wittmann in 2014 and 2016). GalleryReferences1. ^Insert formatted reference 2. ^http://www.bmw-motorsport.com/en/cars/bmw-m4-dtm-html.html 3. ^http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/113771 4. ^http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/113996 External links
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