| 词条 | Bondarzewia berkeleyi |
| 释义 |
| image = Bondarzewia berkeleyi.jpg | image_width = 234px | image_caption = | regnum = Fungi | divisio = Basidiomycota | classis = Agaricomycetes | ordo = Russulales | familia = Bondarzewiaceae | genus = Bondarzewia | species = B. berkeleyi | binomial = Bondarzewia berkeleyi | binomial_authority =(Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer (1941) | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = *Polyporus berkeleyi Fr. (1851) }}Bondarzewia berkeleyi, commonly known as Berkeley's polypore, or stump blossoms,[2] is a species of polypore fungus in the family Russulaceae. It is a parasitic species that causes butt rot in oaks and other hardwood trees.[3] A widespread fungus, it is found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.[4]Elias Magnus Fries described the species as Polyporus berkeleyi in 1851. It was moved to the genus Bondarzewia in 1941.[5] The fan- or shelf-shaped caps grow in overlapping clumps from the bases of oak trees, each capable of growing to 25.5 cm (10 in) diameter. They are various shades of white to pale grey, cream, beige or yellow. The pore surface is white, as is the spore print. The round spores are 7–9 by 6–8 μm and have marked amyloid ridges. The tough white flesh can be up to 3 cm (1.2 in) thick and has a mild taste, which can be bitter in older specimens. The outer edges that cut easily with a knife are quite tender. Although Bondarzewia berkeleyi has been compared to eating shoe leather,[3] it is edible, and can be used to replace or strengthen other flavors in dishes, much like tofu. It can also reportedly be used as a meat substitute.[7] In China it has been recorded from Guangdong and Hunan provinces.[4][9] The fruit bodies appear over July to October in the United States. A survey of host trees in North Carolina found that it almost always grew on oaks, being recorded from the white oak (Quercus alba), scarlet oak (Q. coccinea), southern red oak (Q. falcata), chestnut oak (Q. prinus) and eastern black oak (Q. velutina), as well as bird cherry (Prunus pensylvanica).[11] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Bondartsev A, Singer R |year= 1941|title= Zur Systematik der Polyporaceae|journal= Annales Mycologici |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=43–65}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]2. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Dai YC, Härkönen M, Niemelä T |title= Wood-inhabiting fungi in southern China 1. Polypores from Hunan Province | journal=Annales Botanici Fennici |year=2003 |pages= 81–93 |url=http://www.annbot.net/PDF/anbf40/anbf40-381.pdf}} 3. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Grand LF, Vernia CS | url=http://mycotaxon.com/resources/checklists/grand-v99-checklist.pdf | date=2007|title=Biogeography and hosts of period wood decay fungi in North Carolina: Species of Abortiporus, Bondarzewia, Grifola, Heterobasidion, Laetiporus, and Meripilus|journal=Mycotaxon|volume=99|pages=99–102}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book |vauthors=Kuo M, Methven A |title=100 Cool Mushrooms |publisher=University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor, Michigan |year=2010 |page=33 |isbn=978-0-472-03417-8}} 5. ^1 {{cite book |author=Roody WC |title=Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |location=Lexington, Kentucky |year=2003 |page=348 |isbn=0-8131-9039-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5HGMPEiy4ykC&lpg=PA348}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |title=The Wild Vegan Cookbook: A Forager's Culinary Guide (in the Field Or in the Supermarket) to Preparing and Savoring Wild (and Not So Wild) Natural Foods |author=Brill S. | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |year=2010 |isbn=9781558327214 |page=199}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite book |vauthors=Zhishu B, Zheng G, Taihui L |title=The Macrofungus Flora of China's Guangdong Province |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York, New York |year=1993 |page=153 |isbn= }} }} External links
7 : Fungi described in 1851|Fungi of Africa|Fungi of Asia|Fungi of Europe|Fungi of North America|Russulales|Taxa named by Elias Magnus Fries |
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