词条 | Boron nitride nanotube |
释义 |
SynthesisAll well-established techniques of carbon nanotube growth, such as arc-discharge,[3][8] laser ablation[9][10] and chemical vapor deposition,[11] are used for mass-production of BN nanotubes at a tens of grams scale.[7] BN nanotubes can also be produced by ball milling of amorphous boron, mixed with a catalyst (iron powder), under NH3 atmosphere. Subsequent annealing at ~1100 °C in nitrogen flow transforms most of the product into BN.[15][16] A high-temperature high-pressure method is also suitable for BN nanotube synthesis.[12] Properties and potential applicationsElectrical and field emission properties of BN nanotubes can be tuned by doping with gold atoms via sputtering of gold on the nanotubes.[13][14] Doping rare-earth atoms of europium turns a BN nanotube into a phosphor material emitting visible light under electron excitation.[15] Quantum dots formed from 3 nm gold particles spaced across the nanotubes exhibit the properties of field-effect transistors at room temperature.[16] Like BN fibers, boron nitride nanotubes show promise for aerospace applications where integration of boron and in particular the light isotope of boron (10B) into structural materials improves both their strength and their radiation-shielding properties; the improvement is due to strong neutron absorption by 10B. Such 10BN materials are of particular theoretical value as composite structural materials in future manned interplanetary spacecraft, where absorption-shielding from cosmic ray spallation neutrons is expected to be a particular asset in light construction materials.[17] Toxicological investigations on BNNTs conducted in the 2010s seem to show that the enhanced chemical inertia of BN nanotubes favors biocompatibility. As a result, their use in the biomedical field was suggested both as nanocarriers and as nanotransducers.[18]BN nanotubes have also shown potential in certain cancer treatments.[19]{{clarify |date=August 2017 |reason=the source does note cite BNNTs}} References{{Commons category|Boron nitride nanotubes}}1. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1039/B814607A |title=Properties and engineering of individual inorganic nanotubes in a transmission electron microscope |journal=Journal of Materials Chemistry |volume=19 |issue=7 |pages=909 |year=2009 |last1=Golberg |first1=Dmitri |last2=Costa |first2=Pedro M. F. J. |last3=Mitome |first3=Masanori |last4=Bando |first4=Yoshio }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Boron nitride nanotubes}}2. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5081 | title = Theory of Graphitic Boron Nitride Nanotubes | year = 1994 | author = Rubio, A. | journal = Physical Review B | volume = 49 | page = 5081 | issue = 7 |bibcode = 1994PhRvB..49.5081R |display-authors=etal| url = https://zenodo.org/record/1233727/files/article.pdf }} 3. ^1 {{cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.269.5226.966 | title = Boron Nitride Nanotubes | year = 1995 | author = Chopra, N. 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H. | last2 = Qin | first2 = S. | last3 = Savaikar | first3 = M. A. | last4 = Wang | first4 = J. | last5 = Hao | first5 = B. | last6 = Zhang | first6 = D. | last7 = Banyai | first7 = D. | last8 = Jaszczak | first8 = J. A. | last9 = Clark | first9 = K. W. | last10 = Idrobo | first10 = J. C. | last11 = Li | first11 = A. P. | last12 = Yap | first12 = Y. K. | title = Room-Temperature Tunneling Behavior of Boron Nitride Nanotubes Functionalized with Gold Quantum Dots | doi = 10.1002/adma.201301339 | pmid = 23775671 | journal = Advanced Materials | volume = 25 | issue = 33 | pages = 4544–8 | year = 2013 }} 17. ^{{cite journal | author = Yu, J. | title = Isotopically Enriched 10BN Nanotubes | journal = Advanced Materials | volume = 18 | year = 2006 | url = http://www.rsphysse.anu.edu.au/nanotube/pdf/B10Nnanotubes.pdf | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717020530/http://www.rsphysse.anu.edu.au/nanotube/pdf/B10Nnanotubes.pdf | archivedate = 2011-07-17 | doi = 10.1002/adma.200600231 | page = 2157 | issue = 16 |display-authors=etal}} 18. ^{{cite journal | title= Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Biocompatibility and Potential Spill-Over in Nanomedicine| last1 =Ciofani | first1 =Gianni | last2 =Danti | first2 =Serena | last3 =Genchi | first3 =Giada Graziana | last4 =Mazzolai | first4 =Barbara | last5 =Mattoli | first5 =Virgilio | journal =Small |volume =9 | issue= 9–10 | pages =1672–85 | doi= 10.1002/smll.201201315 | pmid =23423826 |date= 2013-05-27}} 19. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zhong|first1=J|last2=Dai|first2=L.C.|title=Targeting Liposomal Nanomedicine to Cancer Therapy|journal=Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment|volume=11|issue=5|pages=475–481|date=2012|doi=10.7785/tcrt.2012.500259|pmid=22475065}} 2 : Nanotubes by composition|Boron compounds |
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