| 词条 | Bosnian Muslim Republic |
| 释义 |
A Bosnian Muslim Republic,{{Cref2|a}} that is, consolidation of Bosniak-inhabited territories into a Bosniak nation-state, was proposed during the Bosnian War when plans for the partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina were made. It would either be established as one of three ethnic states in a loose confederation,{{sfn|Kostić|2007|p=78}} or as an independent "Muslim state" in the area controlled by the Bosnian Army, as proposed by Islamists.{{sfn|Velikonja|2003|p=278}} The Muslim leadership, in particular Alia Izetbegovic, later president of the Bosnia end Herzegovina, who was the author of the book “Islam between east and west”, that still represents the theoretical root of the Islamic Fundamentalism, initially intended to create an Islamic state. (https://www.books-library.online/download-pdf-ebooks.org-kupd-1988.pdf) Thus, the Bosniak-inhabited territories or Bosnian Army-controlled area (the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) would become a Bosniak state, as Republika Srpska was for the Bosnian Serbs and Herzeg-Bosnia for the Bosnian Croats. The failed 1992 Serb–Croat Graz agreement would see a small Bosniak buffer state, pejoratively called "Alija's Pashaluk" on a map displayed during the discussions.[1] The Owen-Stoltenberg plan (July 1993) would give Bosniaks 30% of territory, including ca. 65% of the Bosniak population (according to the 1991 census).{{sfn|Kostić|2007|p=78}} In February 1994, the Party of Democratic Action (SDA) proposed a Bosniak state in which Serbs and Croats would be national minorities.{{sfn|Velikonja|2003|p=278}} The Dayton Agreement (November–December 1995) ended the war and created the federal republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), made up of two entities, the Bosniak and Croat-inhabited Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), and the Serb-inhabited Republika Srpska (RS). As noted by international relations expert Niels van Willigen: "Whereas the Bosnian Croats and Bosnian Serbs could identify themselves with Croatia or Serbia respectively, the absence of a Bosniak state made the Bosniaks firmly committed to Bosnia as a single political entity."[2] Propaganda texts appeared in 1996, after the war, calling for a Bosniak state.[3] Secular Bosniaks have warned that a partition of the state would lead their people to Islamic fundamentalism.[4] There has been proposals of secession of RS, as well as its abolition. The proposed creation of a Croat entity would de facto lead to a Bosniak entity ({{lang-bs|Bošnjački entitet}}). In IPSOS polls, in 2005 citizens wanting a Bosniak entity were 7%, and in 2013 were 13%.[5] See also
Annotations{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}{{Cnote2|a|Also called "Bosniak Republic" ({{lang-bs|Bošnjačka republika}}), "Muslim Republic" ({{lang-sh|Muslimanska republika}}), and "Bosniak-Muslim republic" (Bošnjačko-muslimanska republika),{{sfn|Trnka|2000|p=40}}[6] or simply "Bosniak state" (Bošnjačka država). }}{{Cnote2 End}}References1. ^{{cite news | last = Blaine | first = Harden | title = Warring Factions Agree on Plan to Divide up Former Yugoslavia | publisher = The Washington Post | date = 1992-05-08 | url = http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N26/yugoslavia.26w.html|accessdate=2009-08-11}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=Niels van Willigen|title=Peacebuilding and International Administration: The Cases of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mt1fF1RbgngC&pg=PP52|date=18 July 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-11725-3|pages=52–}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=FBIS Daily Report: East Europe|issue=22–31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_e0TAQAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=The Service|p=20}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Timothy Garton Ash|title=History of the present: essays, sketches and despatches from Europe in the 1990s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JcktAQAAIAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-028318-1|p=374}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Istraživanje: Stanovnici BiH žele miran život, nezavisnost RS -a i treći entitet |url=http://www.6yka.com/novost/46669/istrazivanje-stanovnici-bih-zele-miran-zivot-nezavisnost-rs-a-i-treci-entitet-}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Rusmir Mahmutćehajić|title=Kriva politika: čitanje historije i povjerenje u Bosni|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kI9pAAAAMAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Radio Kameleon|isbn=978-9958-9659-0-6|p=19}} Sources
Further reading
7 : Political history of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Partition (politics)|Bosniak history|Bosnian War|Separatism in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Islamic states|Proposed countries |
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