| 词条 | Boston Chinatown immigration raid |
| 释义 |
The Boston Chinatown immigration raids refers to an incident on October 11, 1903 in Chinatown, Boston where immigration officials arrested 234 Chinese Americans for not being able to produce their papers in time for officials. While forty-five people were actually found to be in the country illegally, the raids occurred during a time of anti-Chinese sentiment. Many of those wrongly picked up by the police had their Caucasian wives and African American friends help produce their papers, showing the multiracial aspects of the community.[1][2][3] References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Barkan|first1=Elliott Robert|title=Immigrants in American History: Arrival, Adaptation, and Integration|date=2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|isbn=978-1598842197|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SOvskj0HNt8C&pg=PT405&lpg=PT405&dq=Boston+Immigration+Raid+of+1903&source=bl&ots=Ia3trWJ7HL&sig=TggnR1t912B6GqnKWA4p_THvKaQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCWoVChMIjuO__pWZyQIVCaOICh0Dzgli#v=onepage&q=Boston%20Immigration%20Raid%20of%201903&f=false|accessdate=18 November 2015}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Coolidge|first1=Mary Roberts|title=Mary Coolidge|date=1909|isbn=978-0781250177|page=323|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U7MJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA323&lpg=PA323&dq=Boston+Immigration+Raid+of+1903&source=bl&ots=4EO8U5_NUm&sig=j-FwMG1GGjwl2-a4xlI7_ctsdsc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEsQ6AEwCmoVChMIjuO__pWZyQIVCaOICh0Dzgli#v=onepage&q=Boston%20Immigration%20Raid%20of%201903&f=false|accessdate=18 November 2015}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Erika|title=At America's gates : Chinese immigration during the exclusion era, 1882-1943|date=2007|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|location=Chapel Hill, NC [u.a.]|isbn=0807827754|page=231|edition=[Nachdr.].|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BDqUb8UiCIkC&pg=PA231&lpg=PA231&dq=Boston+Immigration+Raid+of+1903&source=bl&ots=R4vlMwrKL5&sig=g_62lkcaQdlN8Mw-s6Pbb0WhfBI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CE4Q6AEwC2oVChMIjuO__pWZyQIVCaOICh0Dzgli#v=onepage&q=Boston%20Immigration%20Raid%20of%201903&f=false|accessdate=18 November 2015}} 2 : Chinatown, Boston|Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States |
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