| 词条 | Bothrioplana |
| 释义 |
| name = Bothrioplana | fossil_range = | image = Bothrioplana semperi (3733112495).jpg | image_caption = Bothrioplana semperi | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Platyhelminthes | classis = Rhabditophora | ordo = Bothrioplanida | familia = Bothroplanidae | genus = Bothrioplana | genus_authority = Braun, 1881 | type_species = Bothrioplana semperi | type_species_authority = Braun, 1881 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =
}} Bothrioplana is a genus of freshwater flatworms, the sole genus in the family Bothrioplanidae and order Bothrioplanida. DescriptionSpecies of Bothrioplana are small organisms, usually measuring 2–3 cm in length, but reaching up to 7 mm. The body is transparent, elongate, with a round posterior end and a truncate front end, and lacks eyes. The mouth lies on the ventral side at about the middle of the body, as in most turbellarians, and has a short pharynx. The intestine is tripartite, similarly to what occurs in triclads, having one anterior and two posterior branches. The posterior branches unite behind the copulatory apparatus and form a single branch.[1] The reproductive system has a pair of testes and a pair of ovaries, as well as a series of vitellaria (yolk-producing glands) that extend along the entire body. Many specimens have the male reproductive system highly reduced or even absent. As a result, parthenogenesis may occur.[1] EcologyIndividuals of Bothrioplana are usually found in stagnant water, including lakes, pools, wells, and temporary ponds, but may also occur among the moss growing on stones of rivers and brooks.[1] They feed on other small invertebrates, such as Daphnia.[2] ClassificationBothrioplana was at first classified as a genus in the order Proseriata, but molecular studies have revealed that it is actually the sister-group of Neodermata, the parasitic flatworms.[3]References1. ^1 2 {{cite journal | last1 = Sluys | first1 = R. | last2 = Ball | first2 = I. R. | title = On Bothrioplana semperi from Australia, with a review of the species (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata, Bothrioplanidae) | journal = The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory | year = 1985 | volume = 2 | pages = 129–137 | url = https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=936246201769000;res=IELHSS}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q18520385}}2. ^{{cite journal | last1 = He | first1 = Yi | last2 = Zhao | first2 = Jia-Qi | last3 = Ning | first3 = Wan-Ru | last4 = Zhuang | first4 = Jie-Yi | last5 = Zhang | first5 = Yu | last6 = Wang | first6 = An-Tai | title = A new species of the genus Bothrioplana (Platyhelminthes: Bothrioplanida: Bothrioplanidae) and a new species of the genus Pentacoelum (Tricladida: Bdellouridae) from southern China | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 4179 | issue = 2 | year = 2016 | pages = 209–224 | issn = 1175-5334 | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.2}} 3. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Littlewood | first1 = D.T.J. | last2 = Waeschenbach | first2 = Andrea | title = Evolution: A Turn Up for the Worms | journal = Current Biology | volume = 25 | issue = 11 | year = 2015 | pages = R457–R460 | issn = 0960-9822 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.012}}{{open access}} 1 : Rhabditophora |
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