| 词条 | Whitechapel Gallery |
| 释义 |
}}{{infobox museum |name= Whitechapel Gallery |image= WGfacade2.jpg |pushpin_map = Central London |map_type = central London |coordinates = {{coord|51.515984|-0.070485|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline,title}} |established= {{Start date and age|1901}} |location= Whitechapel High Street London, {{postcode|E|1}} United Kingdom |visitors = 490,000 (April 2009 – April 2010) |director= Iwona Blazwick |publictransit= {{rail-interchange|london|underground}} {{lus|Aldgate East}} |website= whitechapelgallery.org}} The Whitechapel Gallery is a public art gallery in Whitechapel on the north side of Whitechapel High Street, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in the East End of London and Central London. Designed by Charles Harrison Townsend, it was opened in 1901 as one of the first publicly-funded galleries for temporary exhibitions in London, and it has a long track record for education and outreach projects, focused on local people. It exhibits the work of contemporary artists, as well as organising retrospective exhibitions and shows that are of interest to the local community.[1] HistoryThe Whitechapel Gallery exhibited Pablo Picasso's Guernica in 1938 as part of a touring exhibition organised by Roland Penrose to protest against the Spanish Civil War.[2] The Whitechapel Gallery played an important part in the history of post-war British art, several important exhibitions were held at the Whitechapel Gallery including This is Tomorrow in 1956, the first UK exhibition by Mark Rothko in 1961, and in 1964 The New Generation show which featured John Hoyland, Bridget Riley, David Hockney and Patrick Caulfield among others.[3][4][5][6][7] Initiated by members of the Independent Group, the exhibition brought Pop Art to the general public as well as introducing some of the artists, concepts, designers and photographers that would define the Swinging Sixties. Throughout its history, the Whitechapel Gallery had a series of open exhibitions that were a strong feature for the area's artist community, but by the early 1990s these open shows became less relevant as emerging artists moved to other areas. In the late 1970s, the critical importance of the Whitechapel Gallery was displaced by newer venues such as the Hayward Gallery, but in the 1980s the Gallery enjoyed a resurgence under the Directorship of Nicholas Serota. The Whitechapel Gallery had a major refurbishment in 1986 and completed, in April 2009, a two-year programme of work to incorporate the former Passmore Edwards Library building next door, vacated when Whitechapel Idea Store opened. This has doubled the physical size of the Gallery and nearly tripled the available exhibition space, and now allows the Whitechapel Gallery to remain open to the public all year round.[8] Notable Exhibitions1956 – This is Tomorrow exhibit[9] 1958 – American abstract expressionist Jackson Pollock 1961 – Mark Rothko. The installation of his work at the Whitechapel becomes his template for all subsequent shows{{cn|date=September 2018}} 1964 – The New Generation – Painting – showcasing the work of John Hoyland,[10] Patrick Caulfield, David Hockney, Paul Huxley, Alan Jones and Bridget Riley.[11][12][13] 1965 – The New Generation – Sculpture – showcasing the work of Philip King, David Annesley, Michael Bolus, Tim Scott, William Tucker, Isaac Witkin [14] [15]1970 and 1971 – David Hockney retrospective, first major shows of Gilbert & George and Richard Long 1982 – Frida Kahlo [16] `986 Victor Willing, a retrospective exhibition 1993 – The Whitechapel Gallery showcases Lucian Freud 2001 and 2002 – Liam Gillick and Nan Goldin stage their first major solo shows in the UK 2008 – Cornelia Parker's film Chomskian Abstract, featuring Noam Chomsky 2009 – Retrospective of Isa Genzken's work and solo shows for Sophie Calle and Elizabeth Peyton 2010 – Survey of Alice Neel's portraits in Britain 19–20 January 2011 the gallery hosted the inaugural Northern Future Forum gathering of prime ministers.[17] 2011 – First UK survey of German artist Thomas Struth, one of the photographers of the late 20th century 2012 – A comprehensive survey of Turner Prize winning British artist Gillian Wearing 2013 – The first major solo exhibition in London for YBA artist Sarah Lucas 2014 – Five decade survey of North American Richard Tuttle, which was presented in conjunction with a major installation in Tate Modern’s Turbine Hall and solo show for Dada pioneer Hannah Höch 2015 – A huge{{cn|date=September 2018}} survey of abstract art from Kazimir Malevich onwards, entitled Adventures of the Black Square: Abstract Art and Society 2016 – A new commission by feminist activism art group Guerrilla Girls and major retrospective of British artist Eduardo Paolozzi 2017 – A major retrospective of German artist Thomas Ruff and solo show for British artist Benedict Drew 2018 – A solo show for Mark Dion and the first major UK survey of artist duo Elmgreen & Dragset EducationSince 1923, art has been presented alongside education. A not-for-profit educational charity, the Whitechapel has pioneered artists’ residencies in schools and other education innovations that have been adopted as models across the UK and internationally.{{cn|date=September 2018}} The current education programme focuses on four main areas - schools & teachers, children & families, youth and lastly community. Highlights include The NEON Curatorial Exchange which is delivered in partnership with NEON[18] Organisation in Athens. It builds links between emerging curators in the UK and Greece, so that best practice can be shared and new ideas developed, with the aim of championing curatorial excellence. Since 2009 the gallery has invited a series of writers and artists to take up the position of Writer in Residence. The residency programme features discussions, performances and interventions, considering how writing is experienced through the lens of contemporary art. PublicationsIn 2006 Whitechapel Gallery and MIT Press formed an editorial alliance to produce a new series of books entitled Documents of Contemporary Art.{{cn|date=September 2018}} ExpansionThe Whitechapel reopened on 4 April 2009 after a two-year project, which approximately doubled the size of the Gallery by incorporating the former neighbouring library building. The work cost approximately £13.5 million and was partly funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund. A full-size tapestry based on Pablo Picasso's Guernica, by {{ill|Jacqueline de la Baume Dürrbach|WD=Q32979529}} and loaned from the United Nations Art Collection, was included in the inaugural exhibition by Goshka Macuga.[19][20] and Isa Genzken.[21] As part of the expansion, a new Archive Gallery, a reading room and an archive repository (where the Whitechapel’s historic records are held) have been created to support the Whitechapel's standing as an educational charity. The archives catalogue the very conception of the gallery, as well as the complete directors' files of correspondence which reveal the reasons behind key decisions in the Gallery's history.[22] Directors
References1. ^http://www.passmoreedwards.org.uk/pages/history/Libraries/Whitechapel%20art%20gallery/history%201.htm 2. ^{{cite book | author = Gijs van Hensbergen | title = Guernica: The biography of a twentieth-century icon | publisher = Bloomsbury | year = 2004 | pages = 82–96 | isbn = 1582341249}} 3. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/alastair-sooke/5061519/Whitechapel-Gallery-reopens-Guernica-returns-to-its-first-British-home.html 4. ^http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/3rd-april-1964/18/new-generation-1964 5. ^https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/aug/01/john-hoyland-obituary 6. ^http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/academicians/painters/john-hoyland-ra,181,AR.html 7. ^{{cite article|last1=Juliff|first1=Toby|title='A New Generation of British Art: A Problem of Provincialism'|date=2018|publisher=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art|location=Sydney|page=125-145}} 8. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/alastair-sooke/5061519/Whitechapel-Gallery-reopens-Guernica-returns-to-its-first-British-home.html 9. ^http://www.whitechapelgallery.org/exhibitions/this-is-tomorrow/ 10. ^http://www.johnhoyland.com/the-new-generation-1964-by-bryan-robertson-2/ 11. ^{{cite book|last=Lambirth|first=Andrew|title=John Hoyland: Scatter the Devils|year=2009|publisher=Unicorn Press|location=Norwich|isbn=978-1-906509-07-1|pages=17}} 12. ^http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/3rd-april-1964/18/new-generation-1964 13. ^https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/aug/01/john-hoyland-obituary 14. ^http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/n/new-generation-sculpture 15. ^{{cite article|last1=Juliff|first1=Toby|title='A New Generation of British Art: A Problem of Provincialism'|date=2018|publisher=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art|location=Sydney|page=125-145}} 16. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/alastair-sooke/5061519/Whitechapel-Gallery-reopens-Guernica-returns-to-its-first-British-home.html 17. ^{{cite news|last=Johnson|first=Paul|title=Reaching the summit|url=http://www.thelocal.se/blogs/diplomaticdispatch/2011/01/24/reaching-the-summit/|accessdate=30 May 2013|newspaper=The British Ambassador to Sweden blogs on The Local|date=24 January 2011}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://neon.org.gr/en/|title=Home - NEON|website=NEON|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-09-03}} 19. ^{{Cite news |title=In praise of ... Guernica |work=The Guardian |accessdate = 2017-07-12 |date=2009-03-26 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/mar/26/pablo-picasso-guernica-spain-war }} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7975038.stm |title=Art gallery extension completed |publisher=BBC News |date=2009-03-31}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/31021/iwona-blazwick-on-the-new-whitechapel/ |title=Iwona Blazwik on the Whitechapel. Interview by Oliver Basciano |publisher=ARTINFO |date=2009-06-04}} 22. ^Yiakoumaki, Nayia. "The Whitechapel Opens its Archive", Apollo (magazine), 2009-03-01. 2009-05-28. 23. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4722693/A-miracle-in-the-East-End.html 24. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4722693/A-miracle-in-the-East-End.html 25. ^{{cite article|last1=Juliff|first1=Toby|title='A New Generation of British Art: A Problem of Provincialism'|date=2018|publisher=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art|location=Sydney|page=125-145}} 26. ^http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/24th-march-2001/52/battles-with-my-trustees 27. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4722693/A-miracle-in-the-East-End.html 28. ^https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/alastair-sooke/5061519/Whitechapel-Gallery-reopens-Guernica-returns-to-its-first-British-home.html External links
12 : Education in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets|History of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets|Contemporary art galleries in London|Cultural infrastructure completed in 1901|Museums in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets|Art galleries established in 1901|1901 establishments in England|Edwardian architecture in London|Art Nouveau architecture in London|Buildings and structures in Whitechapel|Art Nouveau museum buildings|Whitechapel |
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