“Whitesburg, Kentucky”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Whitesburg is home to Appalshop, a multi-disciplinary arts and education center founded in 1969 which produces original films, video, theater, music and spoken-word recordings, radio, photography, multimedia, and books. WMMT (FM) 88.7 (Mountain Community Radio), was founded by Appalshop in 1985.

Whitesburg's major newspaper is The Mountain Eagle. Founded by Nehemiah Webb in 1907, the weekly paper has been owned by the Gish family of Letcher County since 1956. The Eagle has won numerous awards for its coverage of strip mining and its environmental effects, education, and political corruption.^[3]

Whitesburg is known for its ubiquitous cut stone. The city was home to a community of Italian stonemasons who moved there with the coming of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad in 1911-1912. Those masons left their mark on the city and the surrounding county of Letcher. The city includes numerous ashlar stone retaining walls, foundations and bridge abutments, as well as several buildings covered entirely in sandstone pulled from the Kentucky River.

One of its best-known features is an arched stone bridge designed by Roy Crawford, a local mining and civil engineer and land surveyor who was educated through the International Correspondence School and in about 1925 founded R. R. Crawford Engineering, a company that remains family owned and operated. The bridge was built in 1938 across the North Fork of the Kentucky River. The downtown historic district includes many buildings built between 1914 and 1925, a time of great expansion in the town.

By 1921, all of the pre-Civil War buildings had been razed to make way for new, brick-and-stone edifices. Among the oldest commercial buildings are the former Lewis Wholesale building, built in 1914, which is now used as City Hall; the Fields Building, built 1911-1914, which now houses a restaurant, bookstore and law offices; and the Daniel Boone Hotel, a fine brick building with stone foundations and pressed metal cornice thought to have been built circa 1915. It includes several distinctive residences such as the Judge Ira Fields home (1897); the cut stone Palumbo House, and Italian villa-inspired house built by master stonemason John Palumbo; the stately Salyers House Bed and Breakfast, built for Confederate States of America Col. Logan Henry Neal Salyer in the early 20th century; and a Dutch Colonial style home ordered from the Sears Modern Home Catalog and delivered to its owner, in pieces, by railcar in 1928.

Whitesburg's streets were paved for the first time in 1924 and some of those original concrete streets are still in use. Broadway, one of those streets, is marked with the hoofprints of a cow, the footprints of chickens and of a barefoot child who ran across the street while the concrete was still wet. The Letcher County Fiscal Court completed construction of a recreation center in Whitesburg in 2011.

Residents of Whitesburg voted 2-1 on April 17, 2007, in favor of legalizing alcohol sales in restaurants which seat more than 100 people and get 70% of their revenue from food sales, known in Kentucky as 'moist' status. In 2012, city residents overwhelmingly voted to become completely 'wet,' bringing more than 60 years of prohibition in Whitesburg to its close.

Environment and outdoor recreation

The Tanglewood Trail is a trail system centered in downtown Whitesburg, currently featuring paved rail-trail open to pedestrians and bicycles passes through the west end of the city into downtown, with future extensions planned through the eastern side of Whitesburg. Future extensions of the Tanglewood trail include a planned downhill bicycle segment from the peak of nearby Pine Mountain.^[5]

Whitesburg also offers access to the Little Shepherd Trail (13 existing miles of which passes through the Pine Mountain Wildlife Management Area) and the Pine Mountain State Scenic Trail. The Pine Mountain State Scenic Trail is part of the Pine Mountain Wildlife Corridor, a protected contiguous forest block and migratory corridor from Virginia to Tennessee. Whitesburg is also located near the Pioneer Horse Trail and the Historic Scuttlehole Gap Wagon Road.

Primitive and RV camping is available at nearby Fish Pond Lake. Primitive camping is also available at Wiley's Last Resort, a privately owned campground, public art park, and festival ground at the top of Pine Mountain founded by Whitesburg poet and radio host Jim Webb.

Events

Geography

Whitesburg is located at {{Coord|37|7|4|N|82|49|16|W|type:city}} (37.117867, -82.821068).^[6] Whitesburg is a few miles west of the border of Kentucky and western Virginia.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|3.1|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

Climate

Whitesburg is located within a climatic transition zone between the humid subtropical climate and the humid continental climate zones. Summers are hot, humid and wet. July is the warmest month, with an average high of 86 °F (30 °C) and an average low of 63 °F (17 °C). Winters are generally cool to cold, with occasional snowfall. January is the coldest month, with an average high of 44 °F (7 °C) and an average low of 21 °F (-6 °C). May receives the most precipitation with an average of 5.83 inches (14.8 cm). The highest recorded temperature was 97 °F (36 °C) in 1998, and the lowest recorded temperature was -15 °F (-26 °C) in 1996.^[8]

Demographics

According to the census^[10] of 2000, there were 1,600 people, 642 households, and 412 families residing in the city. The population density was 516.9 people per square mile (199.3/km²). There were 733 housing units at an average density of 236.8 per square mile (91.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.19% White, 0.62% African American, 2.62% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.56% of the population.

There were 642 households out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the city the population was spread out with 18.6% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 24.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.1 males.

As a result of a survey taken subsequent to the census it was established that the city's population was made up of 3,100 residents. 1,241 households were left out of the census because neither the residents of Whitesburg's Housing Project nor residents of the Letcher Manor Nursing Home were counted in the census. When these facilities are included in the population count the number of city residents climbs to 3,100.^[11]

The median income for a household in the city was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $35,714. Males had a median income of $31,339 versus $25,478 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,202. About 22.0% of families and 23.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.2% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.

Radio

Whitesburg's oldest continuously operating radio station, WTCW-AM/WXKQ-FM, is actually located several miles outside the city near the community of Thornton. The license holder is T.C.W. Broadcasting, Inc. and is one of 18 radio stations owned and operated by Forcht Broadcasting, a Forcht Group of Kentucky Company. The public radio station licensed for Whitesburg, WMMT, is located at Appalshop in downtown Whitesburg. Radio station WIFX-FM, which is licensed for Jenkins, Kentucky (13 miles away), is physically located in Floyd County, Kentucky and is owned by Gearheart Broadcasting.

Notable people

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
2. ^{{cite book|last=Collins|first=Lewis|title=History of Kentucky|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F5FQAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA463|year=1877|page=463}}
3. ^E. Ky. newsman Tom Gish dead at 82 Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved on November 21, 2008.
4. ^{{cite web|title=Town Hill Trail Photo Tour|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/markwkidd/sets/72157632043844130/|accessdate=7 January 2013}}
5. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20180203134458/http://www.cdac.arch.vt.edu/Whitesburg.html Whitesburg, KY - Tanglewood Downhill Trail Conceptual Master Plan] Community Design Assistance Center at Virginia Tech University. Retrieved on February 3, 2018.
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}
7. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/USKY1458|title=MONTHLY AVERAGES for Whitesburg, KY|publisher=The Weather Channel|accessdate=2010-04-23}}
8. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}}
11. ^ (2 April 2008), Bill would move Whitesburg from fifth- to fourth-class city, Whitesburg, Kentucky, The Mountain Eagle. Retrieved on 2008-05-13.

Culture