| 词条 | Brian Hanley (microbiologist) |
| 释义 |
| name = Brian Hanley | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = United States | other_names = | occupation = CEO of Butterfly Sciences | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }}Brian Hanley (born c. 1957) is an American microbiologist and founder of Butterfly Sciences. He is known for using an experimental gene therapy to try to improve health span, and is the first subject in the study.[1][2] BiographyHanley was 60 years old as of February 2017 and holds a PhD in Microbiology from University of California, Davis.[3][4][5] In 2009 he founded Butterfly Sciences in Davis, California to develop a gene therapy to treat HIV AIDS using a combination of GHRH[6] and an intracellular vaccine.[5][7] He has numerous articles and blog posts,[8][9][10] and academic publications in epidemiology, biotechnology, and economics, as well as a portfolio of patents.[11] Chimerism theory of transgender and homosexualityHanley says that when embryos merge at an early stage, what happens is that one of them becomes the ectoderm, one the endoderm, and the mesoderm is up for grabs. In rare cases, an embryo may split laterally with all 3 layers. This was found in a bird, for instance. The nervous system forms from a fold in ectoderm. Gonads form from endoderm. And, each organ typically forms from one cell apparently. So each organ will be expected to be nearly 100% from one embryo or the other, except in very rare cases. There is some infiltration of cells from the other embryo, but it's minor. This means that typically, the brain will form from one embryo, and the gonads from a different one.[13]{{Clarify|date=January 2019|"merge or emerge?"; "fold in ectoderm"-meaning?}} Hanley appears to be the originator of this theory, that half the time when human embryos merge the brain will be one sex, and gonads and body form will be the opposite sex.[12] Self-experimentationHanley said that when he could not raise money for Butterfly, he decided to obtain proof of concept by testing the gene therapy on himself. He said that he designed the plasmid containing a gene coding for growth hormone–releasing hormone and had it made by a scientific supply company for around $10,000.[2] However, the total cost of development was over $500,000.[13] He said that he corresponded with the FDA prior to starting his self-experimentation, and that the FDA told him he needed to file and get approval for an Investigational New Drug (IND) application before he tested the plasmid on a person; not having obtained an IND, he proceeded without it.[2] As there is a long history of self-experimentation in medicine, and the Nuremberg codes, which are the foundation of ethics in medicine, approve of self-experimentation in code number 5,[14] this appears to be no problem. He submitted his protocol to a private institutional review board (IRB), the Institute of Regenerative and Cellular Medicine in Santa Monica, California.[2] IRBs review proposed clinical research plans. A physician assisted in administration of the plasmid to Hanley's thigh using electroporation.[2] The plasmids were administered twice: once in summer 2015 and a second larger dose in July 2016.[2][15][16] Hanley said that the treatment has helped him.[15] Reddit-Capsule results: Testosterone up 20% with a peak increase of 77% . White blood counts up 16% with a peak of 40%. Lipid profile improved: HDLs up to 76, a rise of 20%. LDL down 20%. Triglycerides down 50%, with a low being down 60%. Healing time is much faster. Pulse rate appears to have dropped by 10 beats per minute or more.[17][18] See also{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite web|title=GHRH plasmid gene therapy for aging|url=https://bf-sci.com/?page_id=73|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|last1=Regalado|first1=Antonio|title=One man's quest to hack his own genes|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/603217/one-mans-quest-to-hack-his-own-genes/|magazine=MIT Technology Review|accessdate=23 April 2017|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Brian Hanley|url=https://ieet.org/index.php/IEET2/bio/hanley|publisher=Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies|accessdate=23 April 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Brian Hanley - Info|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Brian_Hanley/info|website=ResearchGate|accessdate=23 April 2017|language=en}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Company {{!}} Butterfly Sciences|url=https://bf-sci.com/?page_id=150|website=bf-sci.com|accessdate=23 April 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Company: GHRH plasmid gene therapy for aging - lower part of page|url=https://bf-sci.com/?page_id=73|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Company: Synthetic intra-cellular HIV vaccine|url=https://bf-sci.com/?page_id=75|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=We’re closer to Alpha Centauri than to cryopreserving humans|url=https://aeon.co/ideas/we-re-closer-to-alpha-centauri-than-to-cryopreserving-humans|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Ethics in Treatment With Telomerase|url=https://ieet.org/index.php/IEET2/more/hanley20151013 |publisher=IEET|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=The Science behind Orange Juice|url=https://intpolicydigest.org/2014/02/12/science-behind-orange-juice/|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=ORCID record, Brian Hanley|url=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-2795|accessdate=13 November 2017|language=en}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Dual-gender macrochimeric tissue discordance is predicted to be a significant cause of human homosexuality and transgenderism|author=Brian Hanley|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/216874877_Dual-gender_macrochimeric_tissue_discordance_is_predicted_to_be_a_significant_cause_of_human_homosexuality_and_transgenderism |publisher=ResearchGate|date=Jan 2011|accessdate=20 Nov 2017|language=en}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Are You Rich Enough To Live Forever?|author=Paul Tullis|url=http://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/money-and-power/a9202324/science-of-longevity/ |magazine=Town & Country |accessdate=12 February 2017|language=en}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Nuremberg code|url=https://history.nih.gov/research/downloads/nuremberg.pdf|accessdate=12 February 2017|language=en}} 15. ^1 {{cite web|title=Silicon Valley's Quest to Live Forever|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/04/03/silicon-valleys-quest-to-live-forever|author=Friend, Tad|magazine=The New Yorker|date=3 April 2017|accessdate=23 April 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Scienziato transgenico per l'elisir di lunga vita: "Così ho modificato le mie cellule"|author=Giuliano Aluffi|url=http://www.repubblica.it/scienze/2017/02/12/news/scienziato_transgenico_per_l_elisir_di_lunga_vita_cosi_ho_modificato_le_mie_cellule_-158113061/|website=Repubblica.it|accessdate=23 April 2017|language=it}} 17. ^1 {{cite web|title=Gene Therapy AMAScience Ama Series: Hi Reddit! I'm Brian Hanley, PhD and CEO of Butterfly Sciences. I work on gene therapies (and vaccines) and I am a subject in my GHRH clinical trial.|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/5qgvif/science_ama_series_hi_reddit_im_brian_hanley_phd/|author=Reddit-members|publisher=TReddit|date=27 Jan 2017|accessdate=20 Nov 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Status of the GHRH gene therapy project|url=https://bf-sci.com/?p=406|author=Brian Hanley|publisher=Butterfly Sciences|date=30 May 2017|accessdate=20 Nov 2017}} External links
9 : American transhumanists|1950s births|Bioinformaticians|People from Davis, California|Living people|American microbiologists|Life extensionists|Gene therapy|University of California, Davis alumni |
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