| 词条 | Bushel with ibex motifs |
| 释义 |
The Bushel with ibex motifs, or beaker with ibex motifs, is a prehistoric pottery art work originating from Susa, an important city in the Ancient Near East, located in modern-day Iran. The piece is thought to have been made during the Susa I period, sometime between 4200 and 3500 BCE.[1] The beaker, made using painted terra cotta, is a large vessel with its dimensions listed at 28.90 x 16.40 cm.[1][2] It was a funerary item among the first inhabitants of Susa.[2] The bushel has been identified as an example of the sources or ancestors of animal style.[3] This style is a decorative approach in art with an emphasis on animal motifs. Accordingly, the beaker itself has various animal motifs; the upper register of the beaker is filled long-necked birds, thought to be a kind of wading water bird seen in the region's plains during the winter.[4] The next register features reclining dogs, thought to be of a saluki or greyhound type, which are hunting dogs typical of the region.[4] Most notably, however, below these dogs are the ibex, or mountain goat, motifs seen on the beaker.[4] The goat is native to the Zagros Mountain range near Susa.[4] The ibex is portrayed in a non-naturalistic way, with the use of simple shapes, such as triangles.[1][2] The horns of the goat arch back over itself, forming a circle over its body.[4] The roundness of the horns and the other various geometric elements of the beaker, have been noted to speak to its cylindrical shape.[1] The beaker was discovered during a 1906–1908 excavation of a Susian necropolis led by Jacques de Morgan.[1][5] It is currently located in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.[1] The museum has recognized that "relatively few beakers from the Susa cemetery match this one in style or quality of craftsmanship."[4] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite AV media|last1=Harris|first1=Beth|last2=Zucker|first2=Steven|url=https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/global-prehistory-ap/paleolithic-mesolithic-neolithic/v/susa-ibex|title=Bushel with ibex motifs|work=Khan Academy|date=March 2, 2014|accessdate=March 1, 2017}} {{Louvre Museum}}{{Portal bar|Ancient Near East|Archaeology|Visual arts}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Annie|first1=Caubet|last2=Arnaud|first2=Prévotat|url=http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/bushel-ibex-motifs|title=Bushel with ibex motifs|work=Louvre Museum|accessdate=March 1, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Janson|first=Horst Woldemar|last2=Janson|first2=Anthony F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MMYHuvhWBH4C|title=History of Art: The Western Tradition|page=85|publisher=Pearson Education|date=2004|isbn=0-13-182623-9}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|last1=Harper|first1=Prudence O.|last2=Aruz|first2=Joan|last3=Tallon|first3=Françoise|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dDWJ_KBHwe4C|title=The Royal City of Susa: Ancient Near Eastern Treasures in the Louvre|pages=32–33|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York|date=1992|isbn=0-87099-651-7}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Aruz|first1=Joan|last2=Wallenfels|first2=Ronald|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8l9X_3rHFdEC|title=Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus|page=352|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York|date=2003|isbn=1-58839-043-8}} 11 : 1900s archaeological discoveries|4th-millennium BC works|5th-millennium BC works|Archaeological discoveries in Iran|Birds in art|Dogs in art|Goats in art|Iranian pottery|Near East and Middle East antiquities of the Louvre|Prehistoric art|Susa |
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