| 词条 | Caladenia longicauda subsp. minima |
| 释义 |
| name = Little white spider orchid | image = | image_caption = | status_system = DECF | status = P2 | genus = Caladenia | species = longicauda | subspecies = minima | authority = A.P.Br. & G.Brockman | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = }} Caladenia longicauda subsp. minima, commonly known as the little white spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single hairy leaf and up to three mainly white flowers with long, drooping lateral sepals and petals. It is a relatively rare orchid which is similar to the daddy-long-legs spider orchid (subspecies borealis) but has smaller flowers and a more easterly distribution. DescriptionCaladenia longicauda subsp. minima is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and which usually grows as solitary plants. It has a single hairy leaf, {{convert|100-120|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|8-12|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. Up to three mostly white flowers {{convert|80-100|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|80-90|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide are borne on a spike {{convert|170-300|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} tall. The dorsal sepal is erect, {{convert|50-70|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and about {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals are {{convert|60-80|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|2-3|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and the petals are {{convert|50-60|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and about {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals and petals are linear to lance-shaped in the lower half of their length, then suddenly taper to thin, drooping ends. The labellum is white, {{convert|13-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|6-8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide with narrow teeth up to {{convert|5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long on the sides. There are usually four rows of pale red calli up to {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long in the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs from late July to August. This subspecies is most similar to subspecies borealis but has smaller flowers and a more easterly distribution.[1][2][3]Taxonomy and namingCaladenia longicauda was first formally described by John Lindley in 1840 and the description was published in A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony.[4] In 2001 Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown described eleven subspecies, then in 2015 Brown and Garry Brockman described three more, including subspecies minima and the new descriptions were published in Nuytsia. The subspecies had previously been known as Caladenia longicauda subsp. 'Chapman Valley'.[5] The subspecies name (minima) is a Latin word meaning “least",[6] referring to the small flowers of this subspecies.[3]Distribution and habitatThe little white spider orchid is only known from a small area near Yuna in the Geraldton Sandplains biogeographic region where the type specimen was collected. It usually grows woodland and shrubland in areas that are often subject to drought and flowers are usually only seen in years of good rainfall.[1][2][3][7] ConservationCaladenia longicauda subsp. minima is classified as "Priority Two" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife,[7] meaning that it is poorly known and known from only one or a few locations.[8]References1. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Andrew|last2=Dundas|first2=Pat|last3=Dixon|first3=Kingsley|last4=Hopper|first4=Stephen|title=Orchids of Western Australia|date=2008|publisher=University of Western Australia Press|location=Crawley, Western Australia|isbn=9780980296457|page=89}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q26205518}}2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Hoffman|first1=Noel|last2=Brown|first2=Andrew|title=Orchids of South-West Australia|date=2011|publisher=Noel Hoffman|location=Gooseberry Hill|isbn=9780646562322|page=95|edition=3rd}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Brown|first1=Andrew P.|last2=Brockman|first2=Garry|title=New taxa of Caladenia (Orchidaceae) from south-west Western Australia|journal=Nuytsia|date=2015|volume=25|pages =107–109}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Caladenia longicauda|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/514089|publisher=APNI|accessdate=18 February 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Caladenia longicauda subsp. minima|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/3910103|publisher=APNI|accessdate=18 February 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page =525}} 7. ^1 {{FloraBase|name=Caladenia longicauda subsp. minima|id=44895}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna|url=https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened-species/Listings/Conservation%20code%20definitions.pdf|publisher=Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife|accessdate=18 February 2017}} 5 : Caladenia|Endemic orchids of Australia|Orchids of Western Australia|Plants described in 2015|Taxa named by Andrew Phillip Brown |
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