| 词条 | Caladenia major |
| 释义 |
| name = Waxlip orchid | image = Waxlip closeup.jpg | image_caption = Caladenia major growing in Tasmania | status_system = | status = | genus = Caladenia | species = major | authority = >(R.Br.) Rchb.f.[1] | synonyms_ref = [1] | synonyms = Glossodia major R.Br. }} Caladenia major, commonly known as the waxlip orchid, parson-in-the-pulpit,[3] or purple cockatoo[4] is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and one or two purple to mauve flowers. It has been known as Glossodia major since its description by the prolific Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1810, but recent discoveries suggest its inclusion in the genus Caladenia. DescriptionCaladenia major is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. It has a single dark green, hairy, oblong to lance-shaped leaf, {{convert|30-60|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|15-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. One or two faintly fragrant flowers, {{convert|30-45|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and wide are borne on a spike {{convert|80-350|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} tall. The sepals and petals are purple to mauve except for their bases which are white with purple spots. Rarely, the flowers are all white. The dorsal sepal is {{convert|18-25|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|6-8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals are {{convert|18-25|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|7-10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and spread apart from each other. The petals are {{convert|16-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and spread widely. The labellum is {{convert|7-10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|5-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide, white with a purple tip and with a furrow along its mid-line. At the base of the labellum there is a purple, cylinder-shaped appendage with two yellow, fleshy lobes on top. Flowering occurs from August to November.[1][2][3][4]Taxonomy and namingThe waxlip orchid was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown who gave it the name Glossodia major and published the description in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae.[5][6] In 2015, as a result of studies of molecular phylogenetics,[7] Mark Clements changed the name to Caladenia major.[8] The specific epithet (major) is a Latin word meaning "greater".[9] Glossodia major is regarded as a synonym of the name Caladenia major which is accepted by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[10]Distribution and habitatCaladenia major occurs in all states of Australia except Western Australia and the Northern Territory. In New South Wales it is widespread and common in the eastern half of the state;[4] in Victoria it is also widespread and common in most areas with suitable habitat;[4] in South Australia it is common in the south-east, sometimes forming extensive colonies;[2] in Tasmania it is widespread and common[11] and in Queensland it grows in the south-east of that state.[12] This orchid is found in a range of habitats from coastal heath to woodland and dry open forest. References1. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page=33}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q5571909}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Glossodia major|url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&family=&genus=Glossodia&species=major&iname=&submit=Display|publisher=State herbarium of South Australia; efloraSA|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Jeanes|first1=Jeff|title=Glossodia major|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/f60fd9f0-dadb-49e1-b2e8-9bd5890b9ab4|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria: VicFlora|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Bernhardt|first1=Peter|title=Glossodia major|url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Glossodia~major|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney: plantnet|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Glossodia major|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/518664|publisher=APNI|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Robert|title=Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae|date=1810|location=London|page=326|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21771#page/196/mode/1up|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Clements|first1=Mark A.|last2=Howard|first2=Christopher G.|last3=Miller|first3=Joseph T.|title=Caladenia revisited: Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses of Caladeniinae plastid and nuclear loci|journal=American Journal of Botany|date=13 April 2015|volume=102|issue=4|pages=581–597|doi=10.3732/ajb.1500021|pmid=25878091}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Caladenia major|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/514267|publisher=APNI|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page=504}} 10. ^{{WCSP | 91038 | Glossodia major }} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Jordan|first1=Greg|title=Glossodia major|url=http://www.utas.edu.au/dicotkey/dicotkey/orchids_this/gGlossodia.htm|publisher=Key to Tasmanian Vascular Plants|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Glossodia major|url=http://bie.ala.org.au/species/http://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/94961|publisher=Atlas of Living Australia|accessdate=14 April 2017}} 8 : Caladenia|Plants described in 1810|Endemic orchids of Australia|Orchids of New South Wales|Orchids of Queensland|Orchids of South Australia|Orchids of Tasmania|Orchids of Victoria (Australia) |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。