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词条 Caleb Orozco
释义

  1. Biography

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. External links

Caleb Orozco is an LGBT activist in Belize. He was the chief litigant in a case successfully challenging the anti-sodomy laws of Belize and the co-founder of the only LGBT advocacy group in the country.

Biography

Orozco became politically active when he was 31, after attending a workshop in Belize City for gay men and for people living with HIV.[1] Orozco co-founded the United Belize Advocacy Movement (UNIBAM) in 2006, and later became the president.[2] UNIBAM is the country's only LGBT advocacy group and has been using the legal system to challenge the anti-sodomy laws in Belize.[3] UNIBAM is run out of Orzoco's home.[1]

In 2009, Orozco attended an HIV conference in Jamaica where he met two law professors from the University of the West Indies Rights Advocacy Project.[1] The two professors identified Belize as an ideal case for challenging bans on same-sex relationships.[1]

In Belize, there was a law that specified a 10-year prison sentence for sodomy.[2] In 2011, Orozco and UNIBAM filed a constitutional case against the law, and challenged section 53 of the criminal code in Belize.[4] The Catholic Church in Belize came out against the filing, which Orozco defended, saying, "The case is personal and it's about reminding the system that my human rights isn't about picking and choosing which you'll support and which you will ignore. My human rights is total. It's not to be mandated by the church because the church does not govern this country. Period."[5] Not long after the filing, the church made a successful pretrial motion to remove UNIBAM saying the group had no legal standing, leaving Orozco the sole claimant on the case.[1] Gay people in Belize did not have a legal voice until Orozco filed the case.[6]

After filing the challenge, Orozco said there had been an increase in hatred directed at LGBT people in Belize.[7] In February 2012, he was threatened with anti-gay insults and hit in the face with a bottle which required surgery.[8] He also began to get death threats because of his challenge to the anti-sodomy law.[9] Orozco has also had his car damaged by people threatening him.[10]

Orozco continued to participate in conferences. He was part of a forum called "Realising the Dream of Caribbean LGBT Inclusion", given at Ryerson University during the 2014 WorldPride Human Rights conference in Toronto.[11]

In May 2013, arguments were made in court about the case.[12] On August 10, 2016, the chief justice ruled Section 53 of the criminal code to be unconstitutional.[13] The law was said "to violate Orozco's human dignity, privacy, and (in forcing him to lie or risk prosecution) freedom of expression."[14] Orozco said, "This is the first day of my life in which it is legal for me to be me."[15] UNIBAM and Orozco began discussions with Patrick Faber, the Deputy Prime Minister about LGBT representation on the Morality Commission in Belize.[16]

In December 2016, he was awarded the David Kato Vision and Voice award.[3]

See also

  • LGBT rights in Belize

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/24/magazine/the-lonely-fight-against-belizes-antigay-laws.html?_r=1|title=The Lonely Fight Against Belize's Antigay Laws|last=Scott|first=Julia|date=22 May 2015|work=New York Times Magazine|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
2. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.advocate.com/travel/2009/08/03/gay-watch-belize|title=Gay Watch Belize|last=Allen|first=Dan|date=3 August 2009|work=The Advocate|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
3. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.breakingbelizenews.com/2016/12/05/caleb-orozco-awarded-overturning-anti-gay-law/|title=Caleb Orozco to be Awarded for Overturning Anti-Gay Law|last=|first=|date=5 December 2016|work=Breaking Belize News|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
4. ^{{Cite news|url=http://edition.channel5belize.com/archives/48258|title=Calebe Orozco and UNIBAM Take Gay Rights to the Courts|last=|first=|date=4 February 2011|work=News 5|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://7newsbelize.com/sstory.php?nid=20218|title=The Homosexuality Debate in Belize: Should the State Legislate Morality?|last=|first=|date=28 July 2011|work=7 News Belize|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-3777308261.html|title=Belize at a Standstill in Anti-Sodomy Case|last=Ali|first=Raeisa|date=19 June 2015|work=Washington Report on the Hemisphere|subscription=yes|access-date=6 December 2016|via=HighBeam Research}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/07/06/feature-decriminalising-homosexuality-in-belize/|title=Feature: Decriminalising Homosexuality in Belize|last=Gray|first=Stephen|date=6 July 2012|work=Pink News|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/02/belize-gay-rights-supreme-court|title=Belize Gay Rights Activists in Court Battle to End Homophobic Colonial-Era Laws|last=Bowcott|first=Owen|date=2 May 2013|work=The Guardian|last2=Wolfe-Robinson|first2=Maya|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/10/belize-gay-rights-campaigner-threats|title=Belize Gay Rights Campaigner is Facing More Death Threats, Says Lawyer|last=Bowcott|first=Owen|date=10 May 2013|work=The Guardian|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=115245318&site=ehost-live|title=See You In Court|last=Hall|first=Amy|date=June 2016|work=New Internationalist|subscription=yes|access-date=6 December 2016|via=EBSCOhost}}
11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-3372912961.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118084528/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-3372912961.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=18 November 2018|title=Rooting for Change for Lgbt People in Caribbean|last=Armstrong|first=Neil|date=3 July 2014|work=The Weekly Gleaner|subscription=yes|access-date=6 December 2016|via=HighBeam Research}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://lovefm.com/2016/06/08/caleb-challenges-chief-justice-to-do-his-job/|title=Caleb Challenges Chief Justice to do His Job|last=Trujillo|first=Renee|date=8 June 2016|work=Love FM|access-date=6 December 2016|via=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220215342/http://lovefm.com/2016/06/08/caleb-challenges-chief-justice-to-do-his-job/|archive-date=2016-12-20|dead-url=yes|df=}}
13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/americas/21705344-small-caribbean-country-sets-enlightened-precedent-belize-blazes-trail|title=Belize Blazes a Trail|last=|first=|date=18 August 2016|work=The Economist|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/08/31/meet-the-lgbt-activist-who-defeated-belize-s-anti-sodomy-law.html|title=Meet the LGBT Activist Who Defeated Belize's Anti-Sodomy Law|last=Michaelson|first=Jay|date=30 August 2016|work=The Daily Beast|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/belize-supreme-court-overturns-anti-gay-law-n627511|title=Belize Supreme Court Overturns Anti-Gay Law|last=Sopelsa|first=Brooke|date=10 August 2016|publisher=NBC News|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}
16. ^{{Cite news|url=http://edition.channel5belize.com/archives/134997|title=Will UNIBAM Have a Place on Morality Commission?|last=|first=|date=14 September 2016|work=News 5|access-date=6 December 2016|via=}}

External links

  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYFDt-Ias70 Caleb Orozco Speaks of Challenges he has Faced in His Fight] (2016 video)
  • Judgment of the Supreme Court, Orozco v AG of Belize
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4 : 1973 births|Living people|People from Belize City|LGBT rights activists from Belize
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