| 词条 | Bateman's |
| 释义 |
| name = Bateman's | image = Bateman's.jpg | caption = "A good and peaceable place" - Kipling on his beloved Sussex home[1] | type = House | locmapin = East Sussex | map_relief = yes | coordinates = {{coord|50.9893 | 0.3793 |display=inline,title}} | location = Burwash, East Sussex | area = | built = 1634 | architect = | architecture = Jacobean | governing_body = National Trust | designation1 = Grade I listed building | designation1_offname = Bateman's | designation1_date = 3 August 1961 | designation1_number = 1044063 }} Bateman's is a 17th-century house located in Burwash, East Sussex, England. It was the home of Rudyard Kipling from 1902 until his death in 1936. The house was built in 1634. Kipling's widow bequeathed the house to the National Trust on her death in 1939. The house is a Grade I listed building. HistoryBateman's is a Jacobean Wealden mansion constructed in 1634.{{sfn|Antram|Pevsner|2013|p=295}} There is debate as to the original builder. Historic England follows the tradition favoured by Kipling of ascribing the construction to a Sussex ironmaster, John Britten.[2] The historian Adam Nicolson reports the tradition in the National Trust's guidebook, but notes that Britten was a dealer in iron, rather than a manufacturer.{{sfn|Nicolson|1999|p=8}} Pevsner attributes the construction to a lawyer, William Langham.{{sfn|Antram|Pevsner|2013|p=295}} By the early twentieth century, the house had descended to the status of a farmhouse, and was in a poor state of repair.[1] The Kiplings first saw it in 1900, on returning to England from America, following the death of their daughter Josephine in 1899 and a disastrous falling-out between them, and Carrie Kipling's brother, Beatty Balestier.{{sfn|Nicolson|1999|p=5}} Enchanted by the house, they were too slow in making an offer and it was let for two years. In 1902, they were able to purchase it, with 33 acres of land.{{sfn|Nicolson|1999|p=37}} In 1900, Kipling was the most famous author in England,{{sfn|Aslet|2005|pp=55-56}} and was earning £5,000 per year; the cost of Bateman's, £9,300, was thus entirely affordable.{{sfn|Nicolson|1999|p=5}} Kipling wrote some of his finest works at the house including: "If—", "The Glory of the Garden", and Puck of Pook's Hill, named after the hill visible from the house.{{sfn|Aslet|2005|pp=55-56}} The house's setting and the wider local area features in many of his stories. Kipling's poem "The Land" is inspired by the Bateman's estate.[3] Kipling's only son, John, was killed at the Battle of Loos on 29 September 1915.[4] Kipling died on 18 January 1936, of peritonitis.{{sfn|Rickets|2000|p=388}} Carrie died three years later, in 1939. Under the terms of her will the house passed to the National Trust.[1] Architecture and descriptionThe house is built of sandstone to a double-pile plan, and is of two storeys with gables above.[2] The eastern, entrance, front may once have been symmetrical with a northern wing matching the southern one.[2] Historic England's listing states that the wing was constructed but later torn down[2], while Pevsner suggests that it may never have been built.{{sfn|Antram|Pevsner|2013|p=295}} The windows are mullioned and the roof has an "impressive row of six diamond-shaped red brick chimney stacks".[2] The interior is retained as it was in the time of the Kiplings.[2] The study is almost as Kipling left it, although without the "pungent aroma" of his forty-a-day Turkish cigarette habit.{{sfn|Garnett|2015|p=24}} The house contains a significant collection relating to Kipling, amounting to nearly 5,000 individual pieces, including his Nobel Prize, his Rolls-Royce Phantom I, many oriental items he purchased while living in India or touring in the East and paintings he collected by Edward Poynter, Edward Burne-Jones and James Whistler.[5] The garden was created by Kipling from 1907, using the prize money from his award of the Nobel Prize in Literature.{{sfn|Jenkins|2003|pp=749-750}} The house is a Grade I listed building, the highest grade reserved for buildings of "exceptional interest".[2] MillThere is a water mill on the estate, powered by water from the River Dudwell, which was restored by the Trust in 1975.{{sfn|Antram|Pevsner|2013|p=295}} In Kipling's time, the mill was not in operation and he installed an electric turbine in the mill to provide power for the house.{{sfn|Antram|Pevsner|2013|p=295}} Notes1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/batemans/features/history-at-batemans|title=History at Bateman's|website=National Trust}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1044063|title=BATEMAN'S, Burwash - 1044063- Historic England|first=Historic|last=England|website=historicengland.org.uk}} 3. ^The Land: words and a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ml3bD_XPAk sung version] 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-35321716|title=Solving the mystery of Kipling’s son|date=16 September 2018|publisher=|accessdate=16 September 2018|via=www.bbc.co.uk}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/place/bateman's|title=Bateman's - National Trust Collections|first=e3 Media|last=Ltd|website=www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk}} Sources
|last1 = Antram|first1 = Nicholas |last2 = Pevsner|first2 = Nikolaus |authorlink2 = Nikolaus Pevsner |year = 2013 |title = Sussex: East |series = The Buildings of England |url = https://www.worldcat.org/title/sussex-east-with-brighton-and-hove/oclc/826658807&referer=brief_results |publisher = Yale University Press |location = New Haven, US & London, UK |isbn = 9-780300-18473-0 |ref = {{sfnRef|Antram|Pevsner|2013}} }}
| last = Aslet | first = Clive | authorlink = Clive Aslet | title = Landmarks of Britain | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5dGhQgAACAAJ&dq=editions:O60YB-B7LYMC&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYjdW80ezUAhUPU1AKHedtAX0Q6AEIJzAB | location = London | publisher = Hodder & Stoughton | year = 2005 | isbn = 978-0-340-73510-7 | ref = {{SfnRef|Aslet|2005}} }}
|last=Garnett| first=Oliver |year = 2015 |title = Rudyard Kipling at Bateman's |url = https://www.worldcat.org/title/rudyard-kipling-at-batemans-east-sussex-a-souvenir-guide/oclc/944313789&referer=brief_results |publisher = National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty |location = London |isbn = 978-1-84359-452-9 |ref = {{sfnRef|Garnett|2015}} }}
| last = Jenkins | first = Simon | authorlink = Simon Jenkins | title = England's Thousand Best Houses | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qWnqAAAAMAAJ&dq=editions:kD9NFIpkJVsC | location = London | publisher = Penguin Books | year = 2003 | isbn = 0-713-99596-3 | ref = {{SfnRef|Jenkins|2003}} }}
|last=Nicolson|first=Adam |authorlink = Adam Nicolson |year = 1999 |title = Bateman's |url = https://www.worldcat.org/title/batemans-east-sussex/oclc/967909099&referer=brief_results |publisher = National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty |location = London |isbn = 9781843591368 |ref = {{sfnRef|Nicolson|1999}} }}
|last=Ricketts|first=Harry |authorlink = Harry Ricketts |year = 2000 |title = Rudyard Kipling: A Life |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=x4sTAiRqhKMC&pg=PA388 |publisher = Carroll & Graf |location = London |isbn = 978-0-7867-0830-7 |ref = {{sfnRef|Rickets|2000|p=388}} }} External links{{commons category}}
10 : Biographical museums in East Sussex|Grade I listed buildings in East Sussex|Country houses in East Sussex|National Trust properties in East Sussex|Historic house museums in East Sussex|Watermills in East Sussex|Mill museums in England|Literary museums in England|Grade I listed houses|Rudyard Kipling |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。