| 词条 | William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = His Grace | name = The Duke of Portland | honorific-suffix = PC DCL | image = 4th-Duke-of-Portland.gif | imagesize = | caption = | order1 = Lord Privy Seal | term_start1 = 30 April 1827 | term_end1 = July 1827 | monarch1 = George IV | primeminister1 = George Canning | predecessor1 = The Earl of Westmorland | successor1 = The Earl of Carlisle | order2 = Lord President of the Council | term_start2 = 17 August 1827 | term_end2 = 21 January 1828 | monarch2 = George IV | primeminister2 = The Viscount Goderich | predecessor2 = The Earl of Harrowby | successor2 = The Earl Bathurst | office3 = Member of Parliament for Petersfield | term_start3 =29 December 1790 | term_end3 = 18 April 1791 | predecessor3 = Hon. George North William Jolliffe | successor3 =Welbore Ellis William Jolliffe | office4 = Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire | term_start4 = 18 April 1791 | term_end4 = 30 October 1809 | predecessor4 = The Earl Verney James Grenville | successor4 = Earl Temple William Selby Lowndes | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1768|6|24}} | birth_place= London, England[1] | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1854|3|27|1768|6|24}} | death_place = Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire | nationality = British | party = Conservative | alma_mater = | spouse = {{marriage|Henrietta née Scott|1795|1844|end=d.}} | children = 9, including William, John, George, and Henry | parents = William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland Lady Dorothy Cavendish }} William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland {{small|PC DCL}} (24 June 1768 – 27 March 1854), styled Marquess of Titchfield until 1809, was a British politician who served in various positions in the governments of George Canning and Lord Goderich. Background and educationPortland was the eldest son of Prime Minister William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland and Lady Dorothy, daughter of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire and Charlotte Boyle, Baroness Clifford. He was the elder brother of Lord William Bentinck and Lord Charles Bentinck.[2] He was educated first in Ealing under the tutelage of Samuel Goodenough graduating in 1774, followed by Westminster School (1783). He attended Christ Church, Oxford for two years but did not take a degree.[1] The third Duke, who spared no expense for his heir, sent him to The Hague in 1786 for experience working with the crown's envoy, Sir James Harris. He returned in 1789.[3] He later received an honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Law from Oxford in 1793.[1] He also served as a Family Trustee of the British Museum;[2] in 1810, he loaned the famed Portland Vase to the museum.[4] Political careerPortland was Member of Parliament for Petersfield between 1790 and 1791 and for Buckinghamshire between 1791 and 1809.[3] He served under his father as a Lord of the Treasury between March and September 1807. He remained out of office until April 1827 when he was appointed Lord Privy Seal by his brother-in-law George Canning.[5] He was sworn of the Privy Council the same year.[5] When Lord Goderich became Prime Minister in August 1827, Portland became Lord President of the Council,[6] an office he retained until the government fell in January 1828. Over time the Duke became less of a staunch Conservative, softening to some of the more liberal stances of Canning.[1] Portland also held the honorary post of Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex between 1794 and 1841. FamilyPortland married Henrietta, eldest daughter and heiress of Major-General John Scott of Fife and his wife Margaret (née Dundas), in London on 4 August 1795. At the time of his marriage he obtained Royal Licence to take the name and arms of Scott in addition to that of Cavendish-Bentinck. They were parents of nine children:[2][7]
Death and legacyThe Duchess of Portland died 24 April 1844.[1] Nearly 10 years later, Portland died at the family seat of Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, in March 1854, aged 85. Two of their sons predeceased their parents; their eldest dying of a brain lesion and their third son dying of a heart attack. The duke expressed a desire to be buried in the open churchyard in Bolsover, Derbyshire, near the other family seat at Bolsover Castle. However, he was instead interred in the ancient Cavendish vault, that had previously been unopened for 138 years.[7] He was succeeded in the dukedom by his second but eldest surviving son, William. The department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham holds a number of papers relating to Portland: His personal and political papers are part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection while the Portland (London) Collection contains papers relating to his estate business. The Portland Estate Papers held at Nottinghamshire Archives also contain items relating to Portland's properties. Arms{{Infobox COA wide|image = Coat of Arms of the Duke of Portland.svg |crest = Out of a ducal coronet proper two arms counter-embowed vested Gules, on the hands gloves Or, each holding an ostrich feather Argent (Bentinck); A snake nowed proper (Cavendish) |notes = The title Duke of Portland was created by George I in 1716 . |coronet = A Coronet of a Duke |escutcheon = Quarterly: 1st and 4th, Azure a cross moline Argent (Bentinck); 2nd and 3rd, Sable three stags' heads cabossed Argent attired Or, a crescent for difference (Cavendish) |supporters = Two lions double queued, the dexter Or and the sinister sable |motto = Craignez Honte (Fear Dishonour) }} TitlesHis full titles were Duke of Portland, Marquess of Titchfield, Earl of Portland, Viscount Woodstock, and Baron Cirencester.[2]
Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; | 1= 1. William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland | 2= 2. William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of Great Britain | 3= 3. Lady Dorothy Cavendish | 4= 4. William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland | 5= 5. Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley | 6= 6. William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister of Great Britain | 7= 7. Charlotte Boyle, 6th Baroness Clifford | 8= 8. Henry Bentinck, 1st Duke of Portland | 9= 9. Lady Elizabeth Noel | 10= 10. Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer | 11= 11. Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles | 12= 12. William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire | 13= 13. Catherine Hoskins | 14= 14. Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington | 15= 15. Lady Dorothy Savile | 16= 16. William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland | 17= 17. Anne Villiers | 18= 18. Wriothesley Noel, 2nd Earl of Gainsborough | 19= 19. The Hon. Catherine Greville | 20= 20. Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer | 21= 21. Elizabeth Foley | 22= 22. John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle | 23= 23. Lady Margaret Cavendish | 24= 24. William Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Devonshire | 25= 25. The Hon. Rachel Russell | 26= 26. John Hoskins | 27= 27. Catherine Hale | 28= 28. Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington | 29= 29. Juliana Noel | 30= 30. William Savile, 2nd Marquess of Halifax | 31= 31. Lady Mary Finch }} See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news |title=Death of the Duke of Portland |work=The Times |publisher=The Times Digital Archive |page=11 |date=29 March 1854 }} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Debrett|first1=John|title=Debrett's Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Volume 1|date=1828|publisher=Debrett's|page=31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oAQ_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31|ref=Debrett's}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=CAVENDISH BENTINCK (afterwards CAVENDISH SCOTT BENTINCK), William Henry, Mq. of Titchfield (1768–1854), of Welbeck Abbey, Notts.|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/cavendish-bentinck-%28afterwards-cavendish-scott-bentinck%29-william-henry-mq-ti|publisher=History of Parliament Online|accessdate=24 March 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=The conservation history of the Portland Vase|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/c/the_conservation_history_of_th.aspx|publisher=British Museum|accessdate=24 March 2015}} 5. ^1 {{London Gazette |issue=18357 |date=1 May 1827 |page=961 }} 6. ^{{London Gazette |issue=18389 |date=21 August 1827 |page=1785 }} 7. ^1 {{cite news |title=Funeral of the Duke of Portland |work=The Times |publisher=The Times Digital Archive |page=12 |date=5 April 1854 }} External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Petersfield | years = 1790–1791 | with = William Jolliffe | before = Hon. George North | before2 = William Jolliffe | after = Welbore Ellis | after2 = William Jolliffe }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire | years = 1791–1800 | with = James Grenville 1790–1797 | with2 = Earl Temple 1797–1800 | before = The Earl Verney | before2 = James Grenville | after = Parliament of the United Kingdom }}{{s-par|uk}}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire | years = 1801–1809 | with = Earl Temple | before = Parliament of Great Britain | after = Earl Temple | after2 = William Selby Lowndes}}{{s-off}}{{succession box | title = Lord Privy Seal | before = The Earl of Westmorland | after = The Earl of Carlisle | years = 1827}}{{succession box | title = Minister without Portfolio | before = — | after = — | years = 1827}}{{succession box | title = Lord President of the Council | before = The Earl of Harrowby | after = The Earl Bathurst | years = 1827–1828}}{{s-hon}} |-{{s-bef | before = In Commission}}{{s-ttl | title = Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex | years = 1794–1841}}{{s-aft | rows = 2 | after = The Marquess of Salisbury}}{{s-bef | before = Henry Dundas}}{{s-ttl | title = Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex | years = 1794–1841}}{{s-reg|gb}}{{succession box | title = Duke of Portland | before = William Cavendish-Bentinck | after = William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck | years = 1809–1854}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Portland, William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of}} 23 : 1768 births|1854 deaths|People educated at Westminster School, London|Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford|British racehorse owners and breeders|British landowners|People from Welbeck|Children of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom|Dukes of Portland|Bentinck family|Cavendish family|Lord-Lieutenants of Middlesex|Lords Privy Seal|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies|British MPs 1790–96|British MPs 1796–1800|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies|UK MPs 1801–02|UK MPs 1802–06|UK MPs 1806–07|UK MPs 1807–12|Owners of Epsom Derby winners |
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