| 词条 | Cameron, Fife |
| 释义 |
|country = Scotland |static_image = |static_image_caption= |os_grid_reference= NO4845011646 |coordinates = {{coord|56.294437|-2.8344780|display=inline,title}} |official_name =Cameron |population = 415 | constituency_westminster= North East Fife | unitary_scotland= Fife | lieutenancy_scotland= Fife | constituency_scottish_parliament= North East Fife |post_town= Leven, St Andrews |postcode_district = KY9 and KY16 |postcode_area=KY }}Cameron is a parish in east Fife, Scotland, 3½ miles south-west of St Andrews.[1] It is bounded on the north by the parish of St Andrews, on the east by Dunino, on the south by Carnbee and Kilconquhar, and on the west by Ceres. From east to west it is 5 – 6 miles long and in breadth about 4 miles.[2] The earliest forms of the name are from the twelfth century and appear as Cambrun. The etymology of the name is uncertain: it may derive from Pictish, Scottish Gaelic, or be a Gaelicised Pictish name. The first element could thus be Gaelic cam or its Pictish cognate *cam (both meaning 'crooked'), and the second element could be a Pictish word *brun, cognate with Welsh bryn ('hill'), or Gaelic bruinne ('chest, front, breast') or perhaps brú ('belly'). The later development of the name was influenced by the widespread Scottish personal name Cameron (from Gaelic cam shròn 'crooked nose').[3] It contains the hamlets of Lathones, Denhead (first mentioned in 1581, from Scots den, 'steep valley', and heid, 'head or end', thus 'the end of the steep valley')[4] and Radernie (first mentioned in 1329, from Gaelic ràth 'ring-fort' and an uncertain second element, possibly Gaelic àirne 'sloe', feàrnach 'alder', or Èirinn 'Ireland').[5][6] The civil parish has a population of 415[7] and its area is 9325 acres.[1] It is also a Community Council area. The number of community councillors to which each area is entitled is determined by population and Cameron is therefore entitled to eight councillors. [8][9] Cameron was originally part of the parish of St Andrews, but was erected into a separate parish in 1645 by Act of Parliament and the first minister of the parish, George Nairne, was inducted in 1646.[2] With the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894 the Parish Council was established. It ceased in 1930 when parish councils in Scotland were abolished,[10] but civil parishes persist for census and other non-administrative purposes. The church is nearly in the centre of the parish, just north of Cameron Burn as its leaves Cameron Reservoir. It was built in 1808 to a plain design, replacing the old church on the same site which was in a very ruinous state. The church is covered in blue slate, with a belfry on the west gable.[2][11] Ecclesiastically the parish is now linked to the parish of St. Leonards in the town of St Andrews, with the minister covering both churches.[12] The most significant mansion in the parish is that of Mount Melville, former residence of the Melville family, which lies just inside the northern boundary of the parish.[2] It was acquired in 1698 for General George Melville of Strathkiness [13] and the present house was constructed in 1820-1821.[14] The house and grounds continued in Melville family ownership until 1901.[15] In 1947 Mount Melville house and gardens were acquired by Fife County Council with the mansion becoming a maternity hospital known as Craigtoun Hospital. The gardens were then established as Craigtoun Country Park. In 1911 the burgh of St Andrews completed the construction of the Cameron reservoir, in the centre of the parish, which supplies water to St Andrews to the present day.[16] {{clear}}References1. ^1 Gazetteer of Scotland, publ, by W & AK Johnston, Edinburgh, 1937. Article on Cameron. Places are presented alphabetically 2. ^1 2 3 The New Statistical Account of Scotland by the Ministers of the Respective Parishes, Vol. IX Fife-Kinross. Publ. William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh, 1845; article on Cameron 3. ^Simon Taylor and Gilbert Márkus, The Place-Names of Fife, 5 vols (Donington: Tyas, 2006-12), III 90. 4. ^Simon Taylor and Gilbert Márkus, The Place-Names of Fife, 5 vols (Donington: Tyas, 2006-12), III 463-64. 5. ^Simon Taylor and Gilbert Márkus, The Place-Names of Fife, 5 vols (Donington: Tyas, 2006-12), III 125. 6. ^Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland, by Francis Groome, 2nd edition 1896; article on Cameron 7. ^Census of Scotland 2011, Table KS101SC – Usually Resident Population, publ. by National Records of Scotland. Web site http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ retrieved March 2016. See “Standard Outputs”, Table KS101SC, Area type: Civil Parish 1930 8. ^Cameron Community Council http://www.cameroncc.org.uk/ retrieved May 2016 9. ^Fife Community Council web site showing Cameron community council area www.fifedirect.org.uk/CommunityCouncils retrieved May 2016 10. ^Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 11. ^Web site of Historic Environment Scotland (former Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland), [https://canmore.org.uk/site/33012/cameron-kirk Cameron Kirk] Canmore retrieved 2 April 2019 12. ^St Andrews Presbytery web site http://www.standrewspresbytery.org.uk/standrewschurches.cfm?ChurchID=18 retrieved May 2016 13. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=GDL00117|desc=Craigtoun|access-date=2 April 2019}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/building_full.php?id=224739|title=Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Building/Design Report (May 2, 2015, 9:15 am)|work=scottisharchitects.org.uk}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p61648.htm|title=- Person Page 61648|work=thepeerage.com}} 16. ^Control of Infectious Disease in Fife, by Stephen Patterson, 1989 (PhD Thesis) - St Andrews Research Repository https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/2753/4/StephenPattersonPhDThesisV1.pdf 2 : Parishes in Fife|1645 establishments in Scotland |
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